前言:
前沿技术一直在迭代,有一种东西是不会更新的,那就是设计模式的思想。 可以来学习学习设计模式的思维,巧妙设计!
工厂模式最简单,但对于OCP最为提现!
[TOC]
1.官方话语
概述
设计模式(Design Pattern)是一套被反复使用、多数人知晓的、经过分类的、代码设计经验的总结。
六大原则:
单一职责原则 (Single ResponsiBility Principle) 概括:应该有且仅有一个原因引起类的变更
里氏替换原则(liskov Substitution Principle ) 概括:基类出现的地方,子类一定可以出现
依赖倒转原则(Depndece Inversion Principle) 概括:针对接口编程,依赖于抽象而不是具体
接口隔离原则(Interface Segregation Principle) 概括:使用多个隔离的接口,比使用单个接口好 (细分接口,降低耦合)
迪米特法则 (Demeter Principle) 概括:实体应当尽量少的与其他类发生互相作用,使得系统功能模块相对独立
开闭原则(Open Close Principle) 概括: 对扩展开放,对修改关闭
合成复用原则 (Composite Reuse Principle) 概括:尽量使用合成/聚合的方式,少用继承
个人话语
概述
设计模式在代码层级中,是让你在某种业务场景刚开始设计时,能让未来的相关需求扩展
极为方便的一个思想。
简单的说,在一开始设计好,扩展是很方便的,设计模式就是这个功劳者
。
对于我们本来就懒的开发人员来说,这是求之不得
的。
六大原则
而对于六大原则,简单过一下就行,不用刻意理解,如果你会了面向对象和设计模式的使用
,自然就遵循了。
今日主题
工厂方法模式: 概述:定义一个用于创建对象的接口,让子类决定实例化哪一个类,工厂方法使一个类的初始化延迟至其子类
场景:
火锅店,任何一个订单,都会生成一个订单,订单包含着什么样的火锅对象。创建工程来做案例
概述:
比较简单,需要什么对象,用什么工厂的实现。见代码吧。(附加 简单工厂代码)
代码如下
'简单工厂全部'代码
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 火锅抽象对象组件
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
*/
public abstract class HotPot {
/**
* 肉
*/
protected String meat;
/**
* 菜
*/
protected String greens;
/**
* 底料
*/
protected String material;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
*/
public abstract String prepare();
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 区分不同对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:29
*/
public void display() {
System.out.println(this.meat + this.greens + this.material);
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 1类 火锅
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
*/
public class OneHotPot extends HotPot {
public OneHotPot() {
this.meat = "oneMeat";
this.greens = "oneGreens";
this.material = "oneMaterial";
}
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
*/
@Override
public String prepare() {
return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 2类 火锅
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
*/
public class TwoHotPot extends HotPot {
public TwoHotPot() {
this.meat = "twoMeat";
this.greens = "twoGreens";
this.material = "twoMaterial";
}
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
*/
@Override
public String prepare() {
return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.factory;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.OneHotPot;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.TwoHotPot;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 建造对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:33
*/
public class HotPotFactory {
/**
* 对象类型
*/
public static final int ONE_TYPE = 1;
public static final int TW0_TYPE = 2;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 对象逻辑设定
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:35
*/
public HotPot createHotPot(int type) {
if (type == ONE_TYPE) {
return new OneHotPot();
} else if (type == TW0_TYPE) {
return new TwoHotPot();
} else {
return null;
}
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.creater;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.factory.HotPotFactory;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 商店
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:40
*/
public class HotPotStore {
/**
* 组合工厂对象
*/
private HotPotFactory hotPotFactory;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 初始化工厂对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:45
*/
public HotPotStore(HotPotFactory hotPotFactory) {
this.hotPotFactory = hotPotFactory;
}
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 暴露订单
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:45
*/
public void orderHotPot(int type) {
HotPot hotPot = this.hotPotFactory.createHotPot(type);
hotPot.prepare();
hotPot.display();
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory;
import org.junit.Test;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.creater.HotPotStore;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.factory.HotPotFactory;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 简单工厂测试
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:24
*/
public class SimpleFactoryTest {
@Test
public void test1() {
HotPotStore hotPotStore = new HotPotStore(new HotPotFactory());
hotPotStore.orderHotPot(HotPotFactory.ONE_TYPE);
hotPotStore.orderHotPot(HotPotFactory.TW0_TYPE);
}
}
'抽象工厂全部'代码
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.beans;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 火锅抽象对象组件
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
*/
public abstract class HotPot {
/**
* 肉
*/
protected String meat;
/**
* 菜
*/
protected String greens;
/**
* 底料
*/
protected String material;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
*/
public abstract String prepare();
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 区分不同对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:29
*/
public void display() {
System.out.println(this.meat + this.greens + this.material);
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.beans;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 1类 火锅
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
*/
public class OneHotPot extends HotPot {
public OneHotPot() {
this.meat = "oneMeat";
this.greens = "oneGreens";
this.material = "oneMaterial";
}
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
*/
@Override
public String prepare() {
return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.beans;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 2类 火锅
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
*/
public class TwoHotPot extends HotPot {
public TwoHotPot() {
this.meat = "twoMeat";
this.greens = "twoGreens";
this.material = "twoMaterial";
}
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
*/
@Override
public String prepare() {
return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 商店
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:40
*/
public abstract class HotPotStore {
/**
* 暴露
*/
public void orderHotPot() {
/**
*调用具体创建者
*/
HotPot hotPot = this.createHotPot();
hotPot.prepare();
hotPot.display();
}
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 抽象创建火锅对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:02
*/
public abstract HotPot createHotPot();
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.OneHotPot;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 具体创建者
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:04
*/
public class OneHotPotStore extends HotPotStore {
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 抽象创建火锅对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:02
*/
@Override
public HotPot createHotPot() {
return new OneHotPot();
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.TwoHotPot;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 具体创建者
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:04
*/
public class TwoHotPotStore extends HotPotStore {
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 抽象创建火锅对象
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:02
*/
@Override
public HotPot createHotPot() {
return new TwoHotPot();
}
}
package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod;
import org.junit.Test;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater.HotPotStore;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater.OneHotPotStore;
import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater.TwoHotPotStore;
/**
* @author huey
* @Description : 简单工厂测试
* @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:24
*/
public class FactoryMethodTest {
@Test
public void test1() {
HotPotStore hotPotStore = new OneHotPotStore();
hotPotStore.orderHotPot();
HotPotStore hotPotStore2 = new TwoHotPotStore();
hotPotStore2.orderHotPot();
}
}
读者须知:
1.本系列文章
内容会比较简陋,望有兴趣读者还是fork源码
,调试一下。(如果你看过该书,一定可以加深印象)
2.联想下实际运用的哪些业务场景用到该模式,哪些中间件用到该模式,是否自己能在业务中使用。
3.即使你现在用不到某些设计模式,但是还是应该理解其原理的。
4.当时理解并不意味着自己已会,可以自己尝试练习,并幻想一种业务场景,画画类图,设计一下。
coding
时,做到了如何落实
;
writing
时,做到了如何表达
;
sharing
时,做到了如何传授
;
thinking
时,做到了如何提升
;
代码请参考码云:https://gitee.com/tjhuey/CodingGroup
设计模式相关概念请参考:http://naotu.baidu.com/file/5811bf42020e6a2d877b992cfca90d26
进度
- [x]
策略模式
,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span> - [x]
观察者模式
,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>; - [x]
装饰者模式
,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>; - [x]
工厂方法模式
,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>; - [ ]
..
,<span style="color: #F44336; ">未完成</span>;
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