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《读_Head_First_有感》_“工厂方法模式”

《读_Head_First_有感》_“工厂方法模式”

作者: tjhuey | 来源:发表于2018-07-31 16:22 被阅读30次

    前言:
    前沿技术一直在迭代,有一种东西是不会更新的,那就是设计模式的思想。 可以来学习学习设计模式的思维,巧妙设计!
    工厂模式最简单,但对于OCP最为提现!

    [TOC]

    1.官方话语

    概述

    设计模式(Design Pattern)是一套被反复使用、多数人知晓的、经过分类的、代码设计经验的总结。

    六大原则:

    单一职责原则 (Single ResponsiBility Principle) 概括:应该有且仅有一个原因引起类的变更
    里氏替换原则(liskov Substitution Principle ) 概括:基类出现的地方,子类一定可以出现
    依赖倒转原则(Depndece Inversion Principle) 概括:针对接口编程,依赖于抽象而不是具体
    接口隔离原则(Interface Segregation Principle) 概括:使用多个隔离的接口,比使用单个接口好 (细分接口,降低耦合)
    迪米特法则 (Demeter Principle) 概括:实体应当尽量少的与其他类发生互相作用,使得系统功能模块相对独立
    开闭原则(Open Close Principle) 概括: 对扩展开放,对修改关闭
    合成复用原则 (Composite Reuse Principle) 概括:尽量使用合成/聚合的方式,少用继承

    个人话语

    概述

    设计模式在代码层级中,是让你在某种业务场景刚开始设计时,能让未来的相关需求扩展极为方便的一个思想。
    简单的说,在一开始设计好,扩展是很方便的,设计模式就是这个功劳者
    对于我们本来就懒的开发人员来说,这是求之不得的。

    六大原则

    而对于六大原则,简单过一下就行,不用刻意理解,如果你会了面向对象和设计模式的使用,自然就遵循了。

    今日主题

    工厂方法模式: 概述:定义一个用于创建对象的接口,让子类决定实例化哪一个类,工厂方法使一个类的初始化延迟至其子类

    场景:

    火锅店,任何一个订单,都会生成一个订单,订单包含着什么样的火锅对象。创建工程来做案例

    概述:

    比较简单,需要什么对象,用什么工厂的实现。见代码吧。(附加 简单工厂代码)

    代码如下

    '简单工厂全部'代码

    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 火锅抽象对象组件
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
     */
    public abstract class HotPot {
    
        /**
         * 肉
         */
        protected String meat;
    
        /**
         * 菜
         */
        protected String greens;
    
        /**
         * 底料
         */
        protected String material;
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
         */
        public abstract String prepare();
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 区分不同对象
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:29
         */
        public void display() {
            System.out.println(this.meat + this.greens + this.material);
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 1类 火锅
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
     */
    public class OneHotPot extends HotPot {
    
        public OneHotPot() {
            this.meat = "oneMeat";
            this.greens = "oneGreens";
            this.material = "oneMaterial";
        }
    
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
         */
        @Override
        public String prepare() {
            return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 2类 火锅
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
     */
    public class TwoHotPot extends HotPot {
    
        public TwoHotPot() {
            this.meat = "twoMeat";
            this.greens = "twoGreens";
            this.material = "twoMaterial";
        }
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
         */
        @Override
        public String prepare() {
            return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.factory;
    
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.OneHotPot;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.TwoHotPot;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 建造对象
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:33
     */
    public class HotPotFactory {
    
        /**
         * 对象类型
         */
        public static final int ONE_TYPE = 1;
        public static final int TW0_TYPE = 2;
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 对象逻辑设定
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:35
         */
        public HotPot createHotPot(int type) {
            if (type == ONE_TYPE) {
                return new OneHotPot();
            } else if (type == TW0_TYPE) {
                return new TwoHotPot();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.creater;
    
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.factory.HotPotFactory;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 商店
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:40
     */
    public class HotPotStore {
        /**
         * 组合工厂对象
         */
        private HotPotFactory hotPotFactory;
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 初始化工厂对象
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:45
         */
        public HotPotStore(HotPotFactory hotPotFactory) {
            this.hotPotFactory = hotPotFactory;
        }
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 暴露订单
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:45
         */
        public void orderHotPot(int type) {
            HotPot hotPot = this.hotPotFactory.createHotPot(type);
            hotPot.prepare();
            hotPot.display();
        }
    
    
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.creater.HotPotStore;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.factory.HotPotFactory;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 简单工厂测试
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:24
     */
    public class SimpleFactoryTest {
    
        @Test
        public void test1() {
            HotPotStore hotPotStore = new HotPotStore(new HotPotFactory());
            hotPotStore.orderHotPot(HotPotFactory.ONE_TYPE);
            hotPotStore.orderHotPot(HotPotFactory.TW0_TYPE);
        }
    }
    
    

    '抽象工厂全部'代码

    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.beans;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 火锅抽象对象组件
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
     */
    public abstract class HotPot {
    
        /**
         * 肉
         */
        protected String meat;
    
        /**
         * 菜
         */
        protected String greens;
    
        /**
         * 底料
         */
        protected String material;
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
         */
        public abstract String prepare();
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 区分不同对象
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:29
         */
        public void display() {
            System.out.println(this.meat + this.greens + this.material);
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.beans;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 1类 火锅
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
     */
    public class OneHotPot extends HotPot {
    
        public OneHotPot() {
            this.meat = "oneMeat";
            this.greens = "oneGreens";
            this.material = "oneMaterial";
        }
    
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
         */
        @Override
        public String prepare() {
            return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.beans;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 2类 火锅
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:18
     */
    public class TwoHotPot extends HotPot {
    
        public TwoHotPot() {
            this.meat = "twoMeat";
            this.greens = "twoGreens";
            this.material = "twoMaterial";
        }
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 每类火锅需要哪些肉,菜,底料等。
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:20
         */
        @Override
        public String prepare() {
            return this.getClass() + "prepare----------";
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater;
    
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 商店
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:40
     */
    public abstract class HotPotStore {
    
        /**
         * 暴露
         */
        public void orderHotPot() {
            /**
             *调用具体创建者
             */
            HotPot hotPot = this.createHotPot();
            hotPot.prepare();
            hotPot.display();
        }
    
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 抽象创建火锅对象
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:02
         */
        public abstract HotPot createHotPot();
    
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater;
    
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.OneHotPot;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 具体创建者
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:04
     */
    public class OneHotPotStore extends HotPotStore {
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 抽象创建火锅对象
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:02
         */
        @Override
        public HotPot createHotPot() {
            return new OneHotPot();
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater;
    
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.HotPot;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.simplefactory.beans.TwoHotPot;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 具体创建者
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:04
     */
    public class TwoHotPotStore extends HotPotStore {
        /**
         * @author huey
         * @Description : 抽象创建火锅对象
         * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 16:02
         */
        @Override
        public HotPot createHotPot() {
            return new TwoHotPot();
        }
    }
    
    package top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater.HotPotStore;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater.OneHotPotStore;
    import top.huey.designpattern.factorypattern.factorymethod.creater.TwoHotPotStore;
    
    /**
     * @author huey
     * @Description : 简单工厂测试
     * @Date Created in 2018/7/29 15:24
     */
    public class FactoryMethodTest {
    
        @Test
        public void test1() {
            HotPotStore hotPotStore = new OneHotPotStore();
            hotPotStore.orderHotPot();
            HotPotStore hotPotStore2 = new TwoHotPotStore();
            hotPotStore2.orderHotPot();
        }
    }
    
    
    
    读者须知:

    1.本系列文章内容会比较简陋,望有兴趣读者还是fork源码,调试一下。(如果你看过该书,一定可以加深印象)
    2.联想下实际运用的哪些业务场景用到该模式,哪些中间件用到该模式,是否自己能在业务中使用。
    3.即使你现在用不到某些设计模式,但是还是应该理解其原理的。
    4.当时理解并不意味着自己已会,可以自己尝试练习,并幻想一种业务场景,画画类图,设计一下。


    coding 时,做到了如何落实;
    writing时,做到了如何表达;
    sharing时,做到了如何传授;
    thinking时,做到了如何提升;

    代码请参考码云:https://gitee.com/tjhuey/CodingGroup
    设计模式相关概念请参考:http://naotu.baidu.com/file/5811bf42020e6a2d877b992cfca90d26

    进度

    • [x] 策略模式,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>
    • [x] 观察者模式,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>;
    • [x] 装饰者模式,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>;
    • [x] 工厂方法模式,<span style="color: #43A047; ">已完成</span>;
    • [ ] ..,<span style="color: #F44336; ">未完成</span>;

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