作为Hadoop大数据生态的重要组件,Hbase的学习是非常重要的一块,Hbase作为Hadoop生态原生支持的数据库,基于列式存储,能够承载规模庞大的数据存储需求任务。今天的大数据开发学习分享,我们就主要来讲讲Hbase集群安装配置入门。
一、搭建集群环境
1、解压文件
tar -zxvf hbase-1.3.1-bin.tar.gz
2、配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
export HBASE_HOME=/opt/hbase-1.3.1
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile
3、配置:hbase-env
vim /opt/hbase-1.3.1/conf/hbase-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
4、配置:hbase-site
vim /opt/hbase-1.3.1/conf/hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<!--HDFS存储-->
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://hop01:9000/HBase</value>
</property>
<!--开启集群-->
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 端口 -->
<property>
<name>hbase.master.port</name>
<value>16000</value>
</property>
<!--ZK集群-->
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>hop01,hop02,hop03</value>
</property>
<!--ZK数据-->
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
<value>/data/zookeeper/data/</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5、配置:regionservers
vim /opt/hbase-1.3.1/conf/regionservers
hop01
hop02
hop03
6、配置:软连接
软连接hadoop配置文件到HBase
ln -s /opt/hadoop2.7/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml /opt/hbase-1.3.1/conf/core-site.xml
ln -s /opt/hadoop2.7/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml /opt/hbase-1.3.1/conf/hdfs-site.xml
7、同步集群服务环境
也可以手动配置集群,或者使用同步命令。
xsync hbase/
8、启动集群
在hop01节点启动即可。
/opt/hbase-1.3.1/bin/start-hbase.sh
启动日志:
hop03: starting regionserver, logging to /opt/hbase-1.3.1/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-hop03.out
hop02: starting regionserver, logging to /opt/hbase-1.3.1/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-hop02.out
hop01: starting regionserver, logging to /opt/hbase-1.3.1/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-hop01.out
9、查看状态
jps
HMaster:主节点
HRegionServer:分区节点
10、停止集群
在hop01节点停止即可。
/opt/hbase-1.3.1/bin/stop-hbase.sh
11、查看界面
http://hop01:16010
二、Hbase基础Shell命令
1、切入客户端
/opt/hbase-1.3.1/bin/hbase shell
2、查看表
hbase(main):002:0> list
3、创建表
hbase(main):003:0> create 'user','info'
0 row(s) in 2.7910 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - user
4、查看表结构
hbase(main):010:0> describe 'user'
5、添加数据
put 'user','id01','info:name','tom'
put 'user','id01','info:age','18'
put 'user','id01','info:sex','male'
put 'user','id02','info:name','jack'
put 'user','id02','info:age','20'
put 'user','id02','info:sex','female'
6、查看表数据
hbase(main):010:0> scan 'user'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
id01 column=info:age, timestamp=1594448524308, value=18
id01 column=info:name, timestamp=1594448513534, value=tom
id01 column=info:sex, timestamp=1594448530817, value=male
id02 column=info:age, timestamp=1594448542631, value=20
id02 column=info:name, timestamp=1594448536520, value=jack
id02 column=info:sex, timestamp=1594448548005, value=female
这些表结构和数据会在集群之间自动同步。
7、查询指定列
hbase(main):012:0> get 'user','id01'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1594448524308, value=18
info:name timestamp=1594448513534, value=tom
info:sex timestamp=1594448530817, value=male
8、统计行数
hbase(main):013:0> count 'user'
9、删除行数据
hbase(main):014:0> deleteall 'user','id02'
10、清空表数据
hbase(main):016:0> truncate 'user'
11、删除表
hbase(main):018:0> disable 'user'
hbase(main):019:0> drop 'user'
三、JDBC基础查询
1、核心依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
2、基础配置
这里连接zookeeper集群地址即可。
zookeeper:
address: 集群地址Url,逗号分隔
编写HBase配置和常用工具方法。
@Component
public class HBaseConfig {
private static String address;
private static final Object lock=new Object();
public static Configuration configuration = null;
public static ExecutorService executor = null;
public static Connection connection = null;
/**
* 获取连接
*/
public static Connection getConnection(){
if(null == connection){
synchronized (lock) {
if(null == connection){
configuration = new Configuration();
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", address);
try {
executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration, executor);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
return connection;
}
/**
* 获取 HBaseAdmin
*/
public static HBaseAdmin getHBaseAdmin(){
HBaseAdmin admin = null;
try{
admin = (HBaseAdmin)getConnection().getAdmin();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return admin;
}
/**
* 获取 Table
*/
public static Table getTable(TableName tableName) {
Table table = null ;
try{
table = getConnection().getTable(tableName);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return table ;
}
/**
* 关闭资源
*/
public static void close(HBaseAdmin admin,Table table){
try {
if(admin!=null) {
admin.close();
}
if(table!=null) {
table.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Value("${zookeeper.address}")
public void setAddress (String address) {
HBaseConfig.address = address;
}
}
3、查询案例
查询数据参考上述全表扫描结果:
@RestController
public class HBaseController {
/**
* 扫描全表
*/
@GetMapping("/scanTable")
public String scanTable () throws Exception {
Table table = HBaseConfig.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
try {
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(new Scan());
for (Result result : resultScanner) {
printResult(result);
}
} finally {
HBaseConfig.close(null, table);
}
return "success";
}
/**
* 根据RowKey扫描
*/
@GetMapping("/scanRowKey")
public void scanRowKey() throws Exception {
String rowKey = "id02";
Table table = HBaseConfig.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user"));
try {
Result result = table.get(new Get(rowKey.getBytes()));
printResult(result);
} finally {
HBaseConfig.close(null, table);
}
}
/**
* 输出 Result
*/
private void printResult (Result result){
NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>> map = result.getMap();
Set<Map.Entry<byte[], NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>>> set = map.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<byte[], NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>> entry : set) {
Set<Map.Entry<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>> entrySet = entry.getValue().entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>> entry2 : entrySet) {
System.out.print(new String(result.getRow()));
System.out.print("\t");
System.out.print(new String(entry.getKey()));
System.out.print(":");
System.out.print(new String(entry2.getKey()));
System.out.print(" value = ");
System.out.println(new String(entry2.getValue().firstEntry().getValue()));
}
}
}
}
关于大数据开发学习,Hbase集群安装配置入门,以上就为大家做了简单的介绍了。在现有的大数据技术生态体系当中,Hbase是必学的组件,而前期的安装配置,是入门的关键,要多多练习。
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