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springMVC之文件上传

springMVC之文件上传

作者: writeanewworld | 来源:发表于2017-12-07 11:32 被阅读0次

1.简介
基本知识点就是在表单中使用file,进行文件的提交,然后在Controller中使用Multipartfile跟part进行文件的处理,上传。

2.part跟Multipartfile也有不同点:

part是servlet提供的,路径自己写
multipartFile是spring提供的,路径自行配置

Part获取原始文件名: getSubmittedFileName();
MultipartFile获取原始文件名是:getOriginalFileName();
  1. 音乐类型文件无法进行上传 自测!

4.单文件上传
MultipartFile之springMVC方法的单文件上传:

(1)multipartfile在web.xml中进行配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>ssm</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

<!-- 配置Spring IoC容器加载的配置文件 -->
 <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> 

<!-- 用于初始化Spring IoC容器 -->
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>


<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ds</servlet-name>
    <!-- 核心控制器 -->
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 应用启动时,加载servlet -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    
    <multipart-config>
    <location>e:/</location>
    <!-- 文件的最大大小,单位为字节 -->
    <max-file-size>5242880</max-file-size>
    <!-- 请求的最大大小,单位为字节 -->
    <max-request-size>10485760</max-request-size>
    <!--文件大小阈值,当大于这个阈值时将写入到磁盘,否则在内存中。默认值为0-->
    <file-size-threshold>0</file-size-threshold>
    </multipart-config>
    
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <!-- 约定优于配置, Spring MVC框架默认加载/WEB-INF/<servlet-name/>开头-servlet.xml作为配置文件载入Web工程中 -->
    <servlet-name>ds</servlet-name>
    <!-- 拦截配置 -->
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

    <multipart-config>
    <location>e:/</location>
    <!-- 文件的最大大小,单位为字节 -->
    <max-file-size>5242880</max-file-size>
    <!-- 请求的最大大小,单位为字节 -->
    <max-request-size>10485760</max-request-size>
    <!--文件大小阈值(相当于缓冲区),当大于这个阈值时将写入到磁盘,否则在内存中。默认值为0-->
    <file-size-threshold>0</file-size-threshold>
    </multipart-config>

(2)form表单:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"   
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<form action="file/uploadpart.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
 <input type="text" name="uname"/>
 <input type="text" name="note"/>
 <input type="file" name="photo"/>
 <!-- <input type="file" name="photo"/> -->
 <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
 </body>
 </html>

(3)Controller控制器

package com.gb.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.http.Part;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView;
import com.gb.pojo.UserRegister;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("file")
public class FileController {

@RequestMapping("upload")
public ModelAndView upload(MultipartFile photo, String uname, String note) {
    
    String fileName = photo.getOriginalFilename();
    String contentType = photo.getContentType();
    
    String destFile = UUID.randomUUID() + fileName;
    
    File file = new File(destFile); 
    
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    try {
        photo.transferTo(file);
        mv.addObject("success","上传成功");
    } catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
        mv.addObject("fail","上传失败");
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    mv.setView(new MappingJackson2JsonView());
    
    return mv;
}

(4)如果参数比较多的话可以使用pojo进行参数的传递(设置原型避免单例)

package com.gb.pojo;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Scope(scopeName="prototype")
public class UserRegister {

private String uname;
private String note;
public String getUname() {
    return uname;
}
public void setUname(String uname) {
    this.uname = uname;
}
public String getNote() {
    return note;
}
public void setNote(String note) {
    this.note = note;
}}

        @RequestMapping("file")
    public ModelAndView file(MultipartFile photo, UserRegister user) {
        
        String fileName = photo.getOriginalFilename();
        String contentType = photo.getContentType();
        
        String destFile = UUID.randomUUID() + fileName;
        
        File file = new File(destFile); 
        
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        try {
            photo.transferTo(file);
            mv.addObject("success","上传成功");
        } catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
            mv.addObject("fail","上传成功");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        mv.setView(new MappingJackson2JsonView());
        
    return mv;
}

单文件上传之part形式:
part是servlet提供的,路径不需要配置的,所以也不用在web.xml配置文件中进行路径以及阈值等的配置

Controller控制器中的代码:

    @RequestMapping("uploadpart")
public ModelAndView upload(Part photo, String uname, String note) {
    
    // 获取源文件名
    String fileName = photo.getSubmittedFileName();
    String contentType = photo.getContentType();
    
    String destFile = UUID.randomUUID() + fileName;
    
    
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    try {
        photo.write("f:/" + destFile);
        mv.addObject("success","上传成功");
    } catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
        mv.addObject("fail","上传失败");
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    mv.setView(new MappingJackson2JsonView());
    
    return mv;
}
这里使用的是 getSubmittedFileName()方法来获取的源文件名,但是这个方法在tomcat7.x中是没有的。

5.多文件上传
使用Multipartfile数组形式

 @RequestMapping("uploadmulti")
public ModelAndView uploadMulti(MultipartFile[] photo, UserRegister ur) {
    
    
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    try {
        for(MultipartFile mf:photo) {
            String destFile = UUID.randomUUID() + mf.getOriginalFilename();
            File file = new File(destFile); 
            mf.transferTo(file);
        }
        
        mv.addObject("success","上传成功");
    } catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
        mv.addObject("fail","上传失败");
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    mv.setView(new MappingJackson2JsonView());
    
    return mv;
}

原理很简单,就是form表单中加入多个file,提交的时候提交多个文件到Multipartfile数组中,再在控制器中进行foreach遍历添加UUID路径等处理,最后transferTo发送一下就ok了。

也可以使用part数组形式。。。

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