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centos安装oracle19c

centos安装oracle19c

作者: kbdwn | 来源:发表于2021-09-19 20:02 被阅读0次

    参考:https://blog.csdn.net/cpeiqing/article/details/109080202

    准备rpm包

    1.下载rpm安装包,包括以下两个

    oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
    oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
    

    2. 上传至服务器opt文件夹

    image.png

    安装ORACLE数据库

    1. 安装preinstall

    yum localinstall -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
    
    image.png

    2. 安装Oracle

    yum localinstall -y oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
    

    等待安装结果即可。安装完成后的结果如下图:


    image.png

    3. 修改字符集以及其他的配置

    oracle19c的修改配置文件为

    vim /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c
    

    主要是修改字符编码 export CHARSET=ZHS16GBK

    export ORACLE_VERSION=19c
    export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
    export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc
    export CHARSET=ZHS16GBK
    export PDB_NAME=ORCLPDB1
    export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER
    export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1
    export CREATE_AS_CDB=true
    

    初始化数据库

    使用root用户进行Oracle数据化操作

    /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
    

    等待Oracle数据库执行初始化操作即可,等待时间较久


    image.png

    配置环境变量

    1.修改oracle用户密码

    passwd oracle
    

    2.切换至oracle用户,设置环境变量

    su oracle
    vim .bash_profile
    

    增加环境变量内容

    export  ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
    export  ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
    export  ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
    export  ORACLE_PDB_SID=ORCLPDB1
    export  PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
    export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
    

    3.使用Oracle登录进行相关的处理

    sqlplus / as sysdba
    

    4.创建自动启动pdb的触发器

    不设置PDB的开机启动 很多程序无法连接上PDB, 建议使用show pdbs 查看状态, 手工启动也可以. 不能在CDB创建业务数据, 会提示创建的用户名不符合 c###的要求

    CREATE TRIGGER open_all_pdbs
    AFTER STARTUP ON DATABASE
    BEGIN
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter pluggable database all open';
    END open_all_pdbs;
    /
    

    5.安装完毕重启数据库服务器

    启动数据库

    1.却换至oracle用户

    su oracle
    

    2.启动数据库

    sqlplus / as sysdba
    startup
    

    3.修改用户密码

    查看已启用的用户

    select username from dba_users where account_status='OPEN';
    

    修改sys、system密码

    alter user sys identified by 密码
    alter user system identified by 密码
    

    4.切换pdb

    alter session set container=ORCLPDB1;
    startup
    

    到此,Oracle19c安装配置完成,本地防火墙开放1521端口,即可通过PLSQL登录。

    常见问题

    1.执行lsnrctl status查看无服务,修改listener.ora

    image.png

    2.程序无法链接数据库,数据库连接串修改如下

    jdbc:oracle:thin:@IP:端口/ORCLPDB1
    

    ora文件配置

    1. listener.ora

    LISTENER =
      (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
        (DESCRIPTION =
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = IP地址需修改)(PORT = 1521))
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
        )
      )
    
    SID_LIST_LISTENER =
    (SID_LIST =
      (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCLPDB1)
      (SID_NAME = ORCLCDB)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1)
      )
    )
    

    2.tnsnames.ora

    ORCLCDB =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVER = DEDICATED)
          (SERVICE_NAME = ORCLCDB)
        )
      )
    
    LISTENER_ORCLCDB =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    

    3.sqlnet.ora

    # sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
    # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
    
    NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME)
    SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8
    

    数据导入导出

    1.导入

    impdp 用户名/密码@192.168.152.5/ORCLPDB1 dumpfile=123.dmp
    

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