方法一，直接更新

1. Close index

   
   image.png
2. 更新_settings，索引(eg. indexusers)增加pinyin_analyzer

PUT /indexusers/_settings
{
    "index" : {
        "analysis" : {
            "analyzer" : {
                "pinyin_analyzer" : {
                    "tokenizer" : "my_pinyin"
                    }
            },
            "tokenizer" : {
                "my_pinyin" : {
                    "type" : "pinyin",
                    "keep_separate_first_letter" : false,
                    "keep_full_pinyin" : true,
                    "keep_original" : true,
                    "limit_first_letter_length" : 16,
                    "lowercase" : true,
                    "remove_duplicated_term" : true
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

3. Open index
4. 更新mapping，给需要的字段(eg. name)指定pinyin_analyzer

PUT indexusers/_mapping/user
{
        "properties": {
            "name": {
                "type": "text",
                "fields": {
                    "pinyin": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "store": false,
                        "term_vector": "with_offsets",
                        "analyzer": "pinyin_analyzer",
                        "boost": 10
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

5. 测试analyzer

GET /indexusers/_analyze
{
  "text": ["南岩飞雪"],
  "analyzer": "pinyin_analyzer"
}

Response

{
  "tokens" : [
    {
      "token" : "nan",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 0,
      "type" : "word",
      "position" : 0
    },
    {
      "token" : "南岩飞雪",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 0,
      "type" : "word",
      "position" : 0
    },
    {
      "token" : "nyfx",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 0,
      "type" : "word",
      "position" : 0
    },
    {
      "token" : "yan",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 0,
      "type" : "word",
      "position" : 1
    },
    {
      "token" : "fei",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 0,
      "type" : "word",
      "position" : 2
    },
    {
      "token" : "xue",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 0,
      "type" : "word",
      "position" : 3
    }
  ]
}

6. 添加数据，使用pinyin查询

PUT indexusers/user/id000
{
  "name" : "南岩飞雪"
}

GET indexusers/_search?q=name.pinyin:nyfx

7. pinyin_analyzer生效后，后续更新的数据，name字段都支持pinyin分词检索；之前的数据，需要自己触发更新

方法二，重建索引

1. 新建索引

PUT /indexusers2/ 
{
    "index" : {
        "analysis" : {
            "analyzer" : {
                "pinyin_analyzer" : {
                    "tokenizer" : "my_pinyin"
                    }
            },
            "tokenizer" : {
                "my_pinyin" : {
                    "type" : "pinyin",
                    "keep_separate_first_letter" : false,
                    "keep_full_pinyin" : true,
                    "keep_original" : true,
                    "limit_first_letter_length" : 16,
                    "lowercase" : true,
                    "remove_duplicated_term" : true
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2. _reindex

POST _reindex
{
  "source": {
    "index": "indexusers"
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "indexusers2"
}}

3. 索引别名

{
    "actions":[
        {
            "remove":{
                "alias":"product",
                "index":"indexusers"
            }
        },
        {
            "add":{
                "alias":"product",
                "index":"indexusers2"
            }
        }
    ]
}