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[LeetCode 296] Best Meeting Poin

[LeetCode 296] Best Meeting Poin

作者: 灰睛眼蓝 | 来源:发表于2019-06-07 15:24 被阅读0次

A group of two or more people wants to meet and minimize the total travel distance. You are given a 2D grid of values 0 or 1, where each 1 marks the home of someone in the group. The distance is calculated using Manhattan Distance, where distance(p1, p2) = |p2.x - p1.x| + |p2.y - p1.y|.

Example:

Input:

1 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1
|   |   |   |   |
0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0
|   |   |   |   |
0 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 0

Output: 6 

Explanation:** Given three people living at `(0,0)`, `(0,4)`, and `(2,2)`:
             The point `(0,2)` is an ideal meeting point, as the total travel distance 
             of 2+2+2=6 is minimal. So return 6.

Solution

引用自https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/5291058.html

这道题让我们求最佳的开会地点,该地点需要到每个为1的点的曼哈顿距离之和最小,题目中给了我们提示,让我们先从一维的情况来分析,那么我们先看一维时有两个点A和B的情况,

______A_____P_______B_______

那么我们可以发现,只要开会为位置P在[A, B]区间内,不管在哪,距离之和都是A和B之间的距离,如果P不在[A, B]之间,那么距离之和就会大于A和B之间的距离,那么我们现在再加两个点C和D:

______C_____A_____P_______B______D______

我们通过分析可以得出,P点的最佳位置就是在[A, B]区间内,这样和四个点的距离之和为AB距离加上CD距离,在其他任意一点的距离都会大于这个距离,那么分析出来了上述规律,这题就变得很容易了,我们只要给位置排好序,然后用最后一个坐标减去第一个坐标,即CD距离,倒数第二个坐标减去第二个坐标,即AB距离,以此类推,直到最中间停止,那么一维的情况分析出来了,二维的情况就是两个一维相加即可

class Solution {
    public int minTotalDistance(int[][] grid) {
        if (grid == null || grid.length == 0 || grid[0].length == 0) {
            return -1;
        }
        
        List<Integer> rows = new ArrayList<> ();
        List<Integer> cols = new ArrayList<> ();
        
        for (int i = 0; i < grid.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < grid[0].length; j++) {
                if (grid[i][j] == 1) {
                    rows.add (i);
                    cols.add (j);
                }
            }
        }
        
        return minTotalDistanceHelper (rows) + minTotalDistanceHelper (cols);
    }
    
    public int minTotalDistanceHelper (List<Integer> coordinates) {
        Collections.sort (coordinates);
        
        int result = 0;
        
        int start = 0;
        int end = coordinates.size () - 1;
        
        while (start < end) {
            result += coordinates.get (end --) - coordinates.get (start ++);
        }
        
        return result;
    }
}

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