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第06天(并发编程)_01

第06天(并发编程)_01

作者: lucas777 | 来源:发表于2020-01-19 17:50 被阅读0次

    01_创建goroutine.go

    package main
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    func newTask() {
        for {
            fmt.Println("this is a newTask")
            time.Sleep(time.Second) //延时1s
        }
    }
    func main() {
        go newTask() //新建一个协程, 新建一个任务
        for {
            fmt.Println("this is a main goroutine")
            time.Sleep(time.Second) //延时1s
        }
    }
    

    02_主goroutine先退出.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    //主协程退出了,其它子协程也要跟着退出
    func main() {
        go func() {
            i := 0
            for {
                i++
                fmt.Println("子协程 i = ", i)
                time.Sleep(time.Second)
            }
    
        }() //别忘了()
        i := 0
        for {
            i++
            fmt.Println("main i = ", i)
            time.Sleep(time.Second)
    
            if i == 2 {
                break
            }
        }
    }
    

    03_主协程先退出导致子协程没有来得及调用.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    //主协程退出了,其它子协程也要跟着退出
    func main() {
        go func() {
            i := 0
            for {
                i++
                fmt.Println("子协程 i = ", i)
                time.Sleep(time.Second)
            }
    
        }() //别忘了()
    }
    

    04_Gosched的使用.go

    package main
    import (
        "fmt"
        "runtime"
    )
    func main() {
        go func() {
            for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
                fmt.Println("go")
            }
        }()
        for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
            //让出时间片,先让别的协议执行,它执行完,再回来执行此协程
            runtime.Gosched()
            fmt.Println("hello")
        }
    }
    

    05_Goexit的使用.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "runtime"
    )
    
    func test() {
        defer fmt.Println("ccccccccccccc")
        //return //终止此函数
        runtime.Goexit() //终止所在的协程
        fmt.Println("dddddddddddddddddddddd")
    }
    
    func main() {
        //创建新建的协程
        go func() {
            fmt.Println("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa")
            //调用了别的函数
            test()
            fmt.Println("bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb")
        }() //别忘了()
        //特地写一个死循环,目的不让主协程结束
        for {
        }
    }
    

    06_GOMAXPROCS的使用.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "runtime"
    )
    func main() {
        //n := runtime.GOMAXPROCS(1) //指定以1核运算
        n := runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4) //指定以4核运算
        fmt.Println("n = ", n)
        for {
            go fmt.Print(1)
            fmt.Print(0)
        }
    }
    

    07_多任务资源竞争问题.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    //定义一个打印机,参数为字符串,按每个字符打印
    //打印机属于公共资源
    func Printer(str string) {
        for _, data := range str {
            fmt.Printf("%c", data)
            time.Sleep(time.Second)
        }
        fmt.Printf("\n")
    }
    
    func person1() {
        Printer("hello")
    }
    
    func person2() {
        Printer("world")
    }
    
    func main() {
        //新建2个协程,代表2个人,2个人同时使用打印机
        go person1()
        go person2()
    
        //特地不让主协程结束,死循环
        for {
    
        }
    }
    

    08_通过channel实现同步.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    //全局变量,创建一个channel
    var ch = make(chan int)
    
    //定义一个打印机,参数为字符串,按每个字符打印
    //打印机属于公共资源
    func Printer(str string) {
        for _, data := range str {
            fmt.Printf("%c", data)
            time.Sleep(time.Second)
        }
        fmt.Printf("\n")
    }
    
    //person1执行完后,才能到person2执行
    func person1() {
        Printer("hello")
        ch <- 666 //给管道写数据,发送
    }
    
    func person2() {
        <-ch //从管道取数据,接收,如果通道没有数据他就会阻塞
        Printer("world")
    }
    
    func main() {
        //新建2个协程,代表2个人,2个人同时使用打印机
        go person1()
        go person2()
    
        //特地不让主协程结束,死循环
        for {
    
        }
    }
    

    09_通过channel实现同步和数据交互.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    func main() {
        //创建channel
        ch := make(chan string)
        defer fmt.Println("主协程也结束")
        go func() {
            defer fmt.Println("子协程调用完毕")
            for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
                fmt.Println("子协程 i = ", i)
                time.Sleep(time.Second)
            }
            ch <- "我是子协程,要工作完毕"
        }()
        str := <-ch //没有数据前,阻塞
        fmt.Println("str = ", str)
    }
    

    10_无缓冲的channel.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    func main() {
        //创建一个无缓存的channel
        ch := make(chan int, 0)
    
        //len(ch)缓冲区剩余数据个数, cap(ch)缓冲区大小
        fmt.Printf("len(ch) = %d, cap(ch)= %d\n", len(ch), cap(ch))
    
        //新建协程
        go func() {
            for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
                fmt.Printf("子协程:i = %d\n", i)
                ch <- i //往chan写内容
            }
        }()
    
        //延时
        time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
    
        for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
            num := <-ch //读管道中内容,没有内容前,阻塞
            fmt.Println("num = ", num)
        }
    }
    

    11_有缓冲的channel.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    func main() {
        //创建一个有缓存的channel
        ch := make(chan int, 3)
    
        //len(ch)缓冲区剩余数据个数, cap(ch)缓冲区大小
        fmt.Printf("len(ch) = %d, cap(ch)= %d\n", len(ch), cap(ch))
    
        //新建协程
        go func() {
            for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
                ch <- i //往chan写内容
                fmt.Printf("子协程[%d]: len(ch) = %d, cap(ch)= %d\n", i, len(ch), cap(ch))
            }
        }()
    
        //延时
        time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
    
        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
            num := <-ch //读管道中内容,没有内容前,阻塞
            fmt.Println("num = ", num)
        }
    
    }
    

    12_关闭channel.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
    )
    
    func main() {
        ch := make(chan int) //创建一个无缓存channel
    
        //新建一个goroutine
        go func() {
            for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
                ch <- i //往通道写数据
            }
            //不需要再写数据时,关闭channel
            close(ch)
            //ch <- 666 //关闭channel后无法再发送数据
    
        }() //别忘了()
    
        for num := range ch {
            fmt.Println("num = ", num)
        }
    
    }
    
    func main01() {
        ch := make(chan int) //创建一个无缓存channel
    
        //新建一个goroutine
        go func() {
            for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
                ch <- i //往通道写数据
            }
            //不需要再写数据时,关闭channel
            close(ch)
            //ch <- 666 //关闭channel后无法再发送数据
    
        }() //别忘了()
    
        for {
            //如果ok为true,说明管道没有关闭
            if num, ok := <-ch; ok == true {
                fmt.Println("num = ", num)
            } else { //管道关闭
                break
            }
        }
    
    }
    

    13_单向channel的特性.go

    package main
    
    //"fmt"
    
    func main() {
        //创建一个channel, 双向的
        ch := make(chan int)
    
        //双向channel能隐式转换为单向channel
        var writeCh chan<- int = ch //只能写,不能读
        var readCh <-chan int = ch  //只能读,不能写
    
        writeCh <- 666 //写
        //<-writeCh //err,  invalid operation: <-writeCh (receive from send-only type chan<- int)
    
        <-readCh //读
        //readCh <- 666 //写, err,  invalid operation: readCh <- 666 (send to receive-only type <-chan int)
    
        //单向无法转换为双向
        //var ch2 chan int = writeCh //cannot use writeCh (type chan<- int) as type chan int in assignment
    
    }
    

    14_单向channel的应用.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
    )
    
    //此通道只能写,不能读
    func producer(out chan<- int) {
        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
            out <- i * i
        }
        close(out)
    }
    
    //此channel只能读,不能写
    func consumer(in <-chan int) {
        for num := range in {
            fmt.Println("num = ", num)
        }
    }
    
    func main() {
        //创建一个双向通道
        ch := make(chan int)
    
        //生产者,生产数字,写入channel
        //新开一个协程
        go producer(ch) //channel传参,引用传递
    
        //消费者,从channel读取内容,打印
        consumer(ch)
    }
    

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