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CentOs 7 下 安装 mqtt 之 mosquitto

CentOs 7 下 安装 mqtt 之 mosquitto

作者: 骑着大象去上班 | 来源:发表于2019-09-26 22:33 被阅读0次

    安装版本:mosquitto1.4.4
    mosquitto官网:http://mosquitto.org/
    关于mqtt协议可参考:http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.html
    libwebsockets下载地址 https://github.com/warmcat/libwebsockets/releases

    系统版本: centos 6.7

    1. 安装依赖包

    yum install gcc gcc-c++
    yum install openssl-devel
    yum install c-ares-devel
    yum install libuuid-devel
    yum install wget
    yum install cmake
    yum install build-essential python quilt devscripts python-setuptools python3 
    yum install libssl-dev libc-ares-dev uuid-dev daemon openssl-devel
    
    下载并编译安装libwebsockets
    wget https://github.com/warmcat/libwebsockets/archive/v3.2.1.tar.gz
    tar zxvf v3.2.1.tar.gz
    cd libwebsockets-3.2.1
    mkdir build
    cd build
    cmake .. -DLIB_SUFFIX=64
    make install
    ldconfig
    
    

    2. 下载并解压mosquitto

    mkdir /usr/local/mqtt
    cd /usr/local/mqtt
    wget http://mosquitto.org/files/source/mosquitto-1.4.9.tar.gz
    tar -xzvf mosquitto-1.4.9.tar.gz
    cd mosquitto-1.4.9
    
    

    3. 修改配置文件

    config.mk包括了多个选项, 可按需关闭或开启,但一旦开启则需要先安装对应的模块

    vim config.mk
    
    
    选项 说明 make时的出错信息
    WITH_SRV 启用c-areas库的支持,一个支持异步DNS查找的库,见http://c-ares.haxx.se missing ares.h
    WITH_UUID 启用lib-uuid支持,支持为每个连接的客户端生成唯一的uuid missing uuid.h
    WITH_WEBSOCKETS 启用websocket支持,需安装libwebsockets,对于需要使用websocket协议的应用开启 missing libwebsockets.h
    1. 安装c-areas
    yum install c-ares-devel -y
    
    
    1. 安装lib-uuid
    yum install uuid-devel -y
    yum install libuuid-devel -y
    
    
    1. 安装libwebsockets
    yum install openssl-devel -y
    
    

    注意:若遇到以上模块无法安装的情况,可将对应模块选项关闭即可,但相应功能也将无法提供

    4. 开始安装

     make
    make install
    
    程序文件将默认安装到以下位置
    
    路径 程序文件
    /usr/local/sbin mosquiotto server
    /etc/mosquitto configuration
    /usr/local/bin utility command
    • 修正链接库路径
      由于操作系统版本及架构原因,很容易出现安装之后的链接库无法被找到,如启动mosquitto客户端可能出现找不到libmosquitto.so.1文件,因此需要添加链接库路径
    vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/liblocal.conf
    
    

    在文件中添加以下内容:

    /usr/local/lib64
    /usr/local/lib
    
    

    刷新

    ldconfig
    
    

    5. 启动

    1. mosquitto默认以mosquitto用户启动(可以通过配置文件修改),需添加用户
    groupadd mosquitto
    useradd -g mosquitto mosquitto
    
    
    1. 修改配置文件
    mv /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf.example /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
    
    
    # =================================================================
    # General configuration
    # =================================================================
    # 客户端心跳的间隔时间
    #retry_interval 20
    # 系统状态的刷新时间
    #sys_interval 10
    # 系统资源的回收时间,0表示尽快处理
    #store_clean_interval 10
    # 服务进程的PID
    #pid_file /var/run/mosquitto.pid
    # 服务进程的系统用户
    #user mosquitto
    # 客户端心跳消息的最大并发数
    #max_inflight_messages 10
    # 客户端心跳消息缓存队列
    #max_queued_messages 100
    # 用于设置客户端长连接的过期时间,默认永不过期
    #persistent_client_expiration
    # =================================================================
    # Default listener
    # =================================================================
    # 服务绑定的IP地址
    #bind_address
    # 服务绑定的端口号
    #port 1883
    # 允许的最大连接数,-1表示没有限制
    #max_connections -1
    # cafile:CA证书文件
    # capath:CA证书目录
    # certfile:PEM证书文件
    # keyfile:PEM密钥文件
    #cafile
    #capath
    #certfile
    #keyfile
    # 必须提供证书以保证数据安全性
    #require_certificate false
    # 若require_certificate值为true,use_identity_as_username也必须为true
    #use_identity_as_username false
    # 启用PSK(Pre-shared-key)支持
    #psk_hint
    # SSL/TSL加密算法,可以使用“openssl ciphers”命令获取
    # as the output of that command.
    #ciphers
    # =================================================================
    # Persistence
    # =================================================================
    # 消息自动保存的间隔时间
    #autosave_interval 1800
    # 消息自动保存功能的开关
    #autosave_on_changes false
    # 持久化功能的开关
    persistence true
    # 持久化DB文件
    #persistence_file mosquitto.db
    # 持久化DB文件目录
    #persistence_location /var/lib/mosquitto/
    # =================================================================
    # Logging
    # =================================================================
    # 4种日志模式:stdout、stderr、syslog、topic
    # none 则表示不记日志,此配置可以提升些许性能
    log_dest none
    # 选择日志的级别(可设置多项)
    #log_type error
    #log_type warning
    #log_type notice
    #log_type information
    # 是否记录客户端连接信息
    #connection_messages true
    # 是否记录日志时间
    #log_timestamp true
    # =================================================================
    # Security
    # =================================================================
    # 客户端ID的前缀限制,可用于保证安全性
    #clientid_prefixes
    # 允许匿名用户
    #allow_anonymous true
    # 用户/密码文件,默认格式:username:password
    #password_file
    # PSK格式密码文件,默认格式:identity:key
    #psk_file
    # pattern write sensor/%u/data
    # ACL权限配置,常用语法如下:
    # 用户限制:user <username>
    # 话题限制:topic [read|write] <topic>
    # 正则限制:pattern write sensor/%u/data
    #acl_file
    # =================================================================
    # Bridges
    # =================================================================
    # 允许服务之间使用“桥接”模式(可用于分布式部署)
    #connection <name>
    #address <host>[:<port>]
    #topic <topic> [[[out | in | both] qos-level] local-prefix remote-prefix]
    # 设置桥接的客户端ID
    #clientid
    # 桥接断开时,是否清除远程服务器中的消息
    #cleansession false
    # 是否发布桥接的状态信息
    #notifications true
    # 设置桥接模式下,消息将会发布到的话题地址
    # $SYS/broker/connection/<clientid>/state
    #notification_topic
    # 设置桥接的keepalive数值
    #keepalive_interval 60
    # 桥接模式,目前有三种:automatic、lazy、once
    #start_type automatic
    # 桥接模式automatic的超时时间
    #restart_timeout 30
    # 桥接模式lazy的超时时间
    #idle_timeout 60
    # 桥接客户端的用户名
    #username
    # 桥接客户端的密码
    #password
    # bridge_cafile:桥接客户端的CA证书文件
    # bridge_capath:桥接客户端的CA证书目录
    # bridge_certfile:桥接客户端的PEM证书文件
    # bridge_keyfile:桥接客户端的PEM密钥文件
    #bridge_cafile
    #bridge_capath
    #bridge_certfile
    #bridge_keyfile
    
    
    1. 设置用户名和密码
      将配置文件中#allow_anonymous true去掉注释,设置为false,#password_file去掉注释并添加密码文件保存的位置
    allow_anonymous false
    password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example
    
    
    mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example 用户名
    之后需输入两次密码
    注意如果想添加用户
    mosquitto_passwd -b /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example 用户名 密码
    
    

    同样连续会提示连续输入两次密码。注意第二次创建用户时不用加 -c 如果加 -c 会把第一次创建的用户覆盖。

    启动

    mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf -d
    
    

    测试

    • 成功将启动1883端口监听
    • 新建两个shell端口A/B
      A 订阅主题: mosquitto_sub -t 主题名 -h 主机IP -u 用户名 -P 密码
      如:mosquitto_sub -t topic -h localhost -u bjfl -P deng@123456
      B 推送消息: mosquitto_pub -t主题名-h主机IP -m "消息内容" -u用户名 -P 密码
      如:mosquitto_pub -t topic -h localhost -m "你好,mqtt" -u bjfl -P deng@123456
    • 可以在A窗口看到由B推送的消息,此外服务端窗口也可以看到客户端连接和端口的日志
      1443083396: New client connected from 127.0.0.1 as mosqpub/31924-iZ94eb8yq (c1, k60).
      1443083396: Client mosqpub/31924-iZ94eb8yq disconnected.

    注意:输入密码时特殊字符需要用转义符“\”

    问题汇总

    • 启动mosquitto报错
      error while loading shared libraries: libwebsockets.so.4.0.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
      或者
      error while loading shared libraries: libmosquitto.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
      解决方法
      找不到链接库,通过locate或find命令找到libwebsockets.so.4.0.0,将其目录添加至ldconfg配置中:
      vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/liblocal.conf
      添加如下内容
      /usr/local/lib64
      /usr/local/lib
      ldconfig
    • 编译找不到openssl/ssl.h
      解决方法
      yum install openssl-devel
    • 编译报错
      mosquitto.c:871: error: ‘struct mosquitto’ has no member named ‘achan’
      找不到areas.h
      解决方法
      安装 c-areas模块(见上文)或将config.mk中WITH_SRV选项关闭
    • make test 提示不支持协议
      Address family not supported by protocol
      一般是指所访问的地址类型不被支持,比如IPV6,忽略该错误即可

    出现./mosquitto_sub: error while loading shared libraries: libmosquitto.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory\

    执行命令:

    sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmosquitto.so.1 /usr/lib/libmosquitto.so.1

    ldconfig

    php workerman使用
    发布者

    <?php
    require __DIR__ . './vendor/autoload.php';
    
    use Workerman\Worker;
    
    $worker = new Worker();
    $worker->onWorkerStart = function () {
        $qos = 0;
        $port = 8883;
        $keepalive = 90;
        $cleanSession = true;
        $clientId='test123456';
        $topic='test';
        $options = [
            'username' => 'test',
            'password' => '123456',
            'keepalive' => $cleanSession,
            'clean_session' => $keepalive,
            'client_id' => $clientId,
            'debug' => false,
            'ssl'=>[
                'local_pk'    => './mqtt_ssl/privkey.pem',
                'verify_peer' => false,
            ],
        ];
        $clicke = "mqtt://127.0.0.1:$port";
        $mqtt = new Workerman\Mqtt\Client($clicke, $options);
        $mqtt->onConnect = function ($mqtt) use ($topic, $qos) {
            $mqtt->publish(  'test', 'xini workerman mqtt', ['qos' => $qos]);
        };
        $mqtt->connect();
    };
    Worker::runAll();
    

    订阅者

    <?php
    require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';
    
    use Workerman\Worker;
    
    $worker = new Worker();
    $worker->onWorkerStart = function () {
        $qos=0;
        $topic='test';
        $port = 8883;
        $keepalive = 90;
        $cleanSession = true;
        $clientId = 'test123456';
        $options = [
    
            'username' => 'test',
            'password' => '123456',
            'keepalive' => $cleanSession,
            'clean_session' => $keepalive,
            'client_id' => $clientId,
            'debug' => false,
            'ssl' => [
                'local_pk' => './mqtt_ssl/privkey.pem',
                'verify_peer' => false,
            ],
        ];
        $clicke = "mqtt://127.0.0.1:$port";
        $mqtt = new Workerman\Mqtt\Client($clicke, $options);
        $mqtt->onConnect = function ($mqtt) use ($topic, $qos) {
            $mqtt->subscribe('test', ['qos' => $qos]);
        };
        $mqtt->onMessage = function ($topic, $content) {
            var_dump($topic, $content);
        };
        $mqtt->connect();
    };
    Worker::runAll();
    

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