用栈实现迷宫求解（改进版，C语言）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MaxRow 10
#define MaxCol 10
#define MAXSTACKSIZE 100
#define STACKINCREMENT 10
#define NOENOUGHROOM 10
#define STACKOVERFLOW 11
#define up 1
#define down 2
#define left 3
#define right 4

typedef struct  {
    int *abscissa;
    int *ordinate;
    int *direction;
    int maxstacksize;
}SqStack;

SqStack Stack;
int top = -1; //初始化栈顶

//依次上下左右行走
int arrowx[4] = {0, 0, -1, 1};
int arrowy[4] = {-1, 1, 0, 0};

int Maze[MaxRow][MaxCol] = {}; //用来标记走过的路
int pathMaze[MaxRow][MaxCol] = {};  //用来存储正确路径

int maxabs = 1, maxord = 1; //用户输入的迷宫大小

void InitStack() {
    int *absbase, *ordbase, *direbase;
    absbase = (int *)malloc(MAXSTACKSIZE*sizeof(int));
    ordbase = (int *)malloc(MAXSTACKSIZE*sizeof(int));
    direbase = (int *)malloc(MAXSTACKSIZE*sizeof(int));
    if(!absbase || !ordbase || !direbase)
        exit(NOENOUGHROOM);
    Stack.abscissa = absbase;
    Stack.ordinate = ordbase;
    Stack.direction = direbase;
    Stack.maxstacksize = MAXSTACKSIZE;
}

void push(int abscissa, int ordinate, int direction) {
    ++top;
    
    //判断是否溢出
    if(top >= Stack.maxstacksize){
        int *newabsbase, *newordbase, *newdirebase;
        newabsbase = (int *)realloc(Stack.abscissa, (MAXSTACKSIZE + STACKINCREMENT)*sizeof(int));
        newordbase = (int *)realloc(Stack.ordinate, (MAXSTACKSIZE + STACKINCREMENT)*sizeof(int));
        newdirebase = (int *)realloc(Stack.direction, (MAXSTACKSIZE +STACKINCREMENT)*sizeof(int));
        if(!newordbase || !newabsbase || !newdirebase)
            exit(NOENOUGHROOM);
        Stack.abscissa = newabsbase;
        Stack.ordinate = newordbase;
        Stack.direction = newdirebase;
    }
        
    *(Stack.abscissa + top) = abscissa;
    *(Stack.ordinate + top) = ordinate;
    *(Stack.direction + top -1) = direction;
}

void pop() {
    //判断是否溢出
    if(top == -2)
        exit(STACKOVERFLOW);
    *(Stack.abscissa + top) = 0;
    *(Stack.ordinate + top) = 0;
    *(Stack.direction + top) = 0;
    --top;
}

//打印点和方向
void printPointAndDirection(int n) {
    switch (*(Stack.direction + n)) {
        case up:
            printf("(%d, %d, up)\n", *(Stack.abscissa + n), *(Stack.ordinate + n));
            break;
        case down:
            printf("(%d, %d, down)\n", *(Stack.abscissa + n), *(Stack.ordinate + n));
            break;
        case left:
            printf("(%d, %d, left)\n", *(Stack.abscissa + n), *(Stack.ordinate + n));
            break;
        case right:
            printf("(%d, %d, right)\n", *(Stack.abscissa + n), *(Stack.ordinate + n));
            break;
    }
}

//打印迷宫解
void printPath() {
    printf("输出路线:\n");
    int i = 0;
    while(1) {
        printPointAndDirection(i);
        if(*(Stack.abscissa + i) == maxabs && *(Stack.ordinate + i) == maxord)
            break;
        ++i;
    }
}

//标记走过的路
void markMaze(int abscissa, int ordinate) {
    Maze[ordinate][abscissa] = 2;
    pathMaze[ordinate][abscissa] = 2;
}

//打印迷宫并标出正确出路
void printPathMaze() {
    printf("\n迷宫输出是:\n");
    for(int i = 1;i <= maxord;i++) {
        for(int j = 1;j <= maxabs;j++) {
            printf("%d ", pathMaze[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    printf("\n\n");
}

//打印用来做标记的迷宫
void printMaze() {
    printf("\n迷宫输出是:\n");
    for(int i = 1;i <= maxord;i++) {
        for(int j = 1;j <= maxabs;j++) {
            printf("%d ", Maze[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    printf("\n\n");
}

//初始化迷宫
void InitMaze() {
    printf("\n请输入迷宫的长和宽：\n");
    scanf("%d %d", &maxabs, &maxord);
    printf("请输入迷宫：\n");
    for(int i = 1;i <= maxord;i++) {
        for(int j = 1;j <= maxabs;j++) {
            scanf("%d", &Maze[i][j]);
            pathMaze[i][j] = Maze[i][j];
        }
    }
}

//寻找出路
void runMaze() {
    //判断第一个方向
    push(1, 1 , 0);
    markMaze(1, 1);
    int flag = 0;
    while(1) {
        int xNow, yNow;
        int i = 0;
        xNow = *(Stack.abscissa + top);
        yNow = *(Stack.ordinate + top);
        if(xNow == maxabs && yNow == maxord) {
            flag = 1;
            break;
        }else if(top == -2)
            break;
        for(i = 0;i < 4;i++) {
            int xNext, yNext;
            xNext = xNow + arrowx[i];
            yNext = yNow + arrowy[i];
            //找到可走的点
            if(xNext > 0 && xNext <= maxabs && yNext > 0 && yNext <= maxord && Maze[yNext][xNext] == 0) {
                push(xNext, yNext, i+1);
                markMaze(xNext, yNext);
                break;
            }
        }
        //无路可走
        if(i == 4) {
            pathMaze[yNow][xNow] = 0;
            pop();
        }
    }
    
    if(flag) {
        printPath();
        printPathMaze();
    } else {
        printf("\n没有出路，无解!\n");
    }
}

int main() {
    InitMaze();
    runMaze();
}