Promise概述
- 是异步编程解决方案,本质上讲是callback的变相处理,使得代码更加优雅和可扩展;
- 异步发展过程:callback -> promise -> generator + co = async + await;
- 解决了异步的问题,但不能说Promise本身是异步的;
- 解决了回调地狱;
- 解决了多个并发请求并获得结果;
Promise的三种状态
- pending:等待状态;
- fulfiled:成功状态;
- rejected:失败状态;
Promise实现分析
- 如何管理Promise中的三种状态:初始的时候为pending,resolve后状态改为fulfiled,reject后为rejected,重要的是状态一旦发生变化后就不可更改;
- 如何实现then的返回值;
- 如何将Promise变成一个微任务;
promise是微任务,所以我们不能使用setTimeout,这里面我们可以使用postMessage;
代码实现
class AlleyPromise {
// 1、Promise三种状态
static PENDING = 'PENDING';
static FULFILED = 'FULFILED';
static REJECTED = 'REJECTED';
constructor(callback) {
// 容错处理
if(typeof callback !== 'function') {
throw new TypeError('Promise resolver undefined is not a function')
}
// 初始状态
this.promiseStatus = AlleyPromise.PENDING;
// 定义resolve函数队列 reject函数队列
this.resolveQueues = [];
this.rejectQueues = [];
//定义初始值
this.value;
//调用callback函数
callback(this._resolve.bind(this), this._reject.bind(this))
}
_resolve(val) {
window.addEventListener('message',()=>{
// 更改成功状态
if(this.promiseStatus !== AlleyPromise.PENDING) return;
this.promiseStatus = AlleyPromise.FULFILED;
this.value = val;
let handler;
while(handler = this.resolveQueues.shift()){
handler(this.value)
}
})
window.postMessage('')
}
_reject(val) {
window.addEventListener('message',()=>{
// 更改失败状态
if(this.promiseStatus !== AlleyPromise.PENDING) return;
this.promiseStatus = AlleyPromise.REJECTED;
this.value = val;
let handler;
while(handler = this.rejectQueues.shift()){
handler(this.value)
}
})
window.postMessage('')
}
then(resolveHandler,rejectHandler) {
this.resolveQueues.push(resolveHandler)
this.rejectQueues.push(rejectHandler)
return new AlleyPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
resolve()
})
}
}
// 测试
new AlleyPromise((resolve,reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve()
}, 10);
}).then(() => {
console.log('then1'); // 后输出
}).then(() => {
console.log('then2'); // 先输出
})
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