一、环境准备
JDK、SDK、Python、Node.js、Appium
二、JDK安装
1. 下载jdk:
(1)进入Java官网直接下载:
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
例如:系统为64位的下载:jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz
2. 解压jdk:
将解压后的jdk保存在根目录下的software
(1)创建software文件夹
(2)解压文件放在software文件夹中(不添加-C代表保存当前目录下)
(若无权限才需添加sudo;若权限足够,则无需添加sudo)
qyh@ubuntu:~$ sudo mkdir /home/qyh/software
[sudo] password for qyh:
qyh@ubuntu:~$ sudo tar -vzxf /home/qyh/Downloads/jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /home/qyh/software/
3. 添加环境变量
(1)打开配置文件/etc/profile
使用gedit
qyh@ubuntu:~$ sudo gedit /etc/profile
或使用vim
qyh@ubuntu:~$ sudo vim /etc/profile
#若linux系统中未安装vim则需使用sudo apt-get install vim安装才可运行
(2)在profile文件最下方添加
#jdk
export JAVA_HOME=/home/qyh/software/jdk1.8.0_191
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
(3)保存配置文件
若用gedit打开文件,则直接ctrl+s保存即可;
若用vim打开文件,则退出可使用指令 :wq! 回车即可保存;
(4)重新加载配置文件
source可让环境在当前Terminal生效,若要在整个系统中生效需重启机器
qyh@ubuntu:~$ source /etc/profile
4. 查看java是否配置成功
使用命令:java -version
qyh@ubuntu:~$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_191"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)
三、Android-SDK安装
1. 下载SDK
下载SDK到Downloads目录下
qyh@ubuntu:~$ cd /home/qyh/Downloads/
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ wget https://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r24.2-linux.tg
2. 解压SDK到根目录的tools目录下
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ tar xvzf /home/qyh/Downloads/android-sdk_r24.2-linux.tgz -C /home/qyh/software/
3. 安装platform-tools
进入android-sdk解压后的目录下执行tools/android update sdk --no-ui
qyh@ubuntu:/$ cd /home/qyh/software/android-sdk-linux/
qyh@ubuntu:/home/qyh/software/android-sdk-linux$ ls
add-ons docs platform-tools temp
build-tools platforms SDK Readme.txt tools
qyh@ubuntu:/home/qyh/software/android-sdk-linux$ tools/android update sdk --no-ui
4. 配置环境变量
qyh@ubuntu:~$ sudo gedit /etc/profile
#在profile文件下方添加以下内容
#android
export ANDROID_HOME= /home/qyh/software/android-sdk-linux
export PATH=${ANDROID_HOME}/:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools:${ANDROID_HOME}/platform-tools:$PATH
# 重新加载配置文件
qyh@ubuntu:~$ source /etc/profile
5. 检查android-sdk是否配置成功
终端输入android,若出现Android SDK Manager的窗口则代表配置成功
qyh@ubuntu:/$ android
四、Python3.6.5版本安装
1. 查看当前linux系统的python版本
qyh@ubuntu:/$ python -V
Python 2.7.6
qyh@ubuntu:/$ python3 -V
Python 3.4.3
2. python命令行操作
qyh@ubuntu:/$ python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 17:58:13)
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
qyh@ubuntu:/$ python2
Python 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 17:58:13)
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
qyh@ubuntu:/$ python3
Python 3.4.3 (default, Nov 12 2018, 22:25:49)
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
终端输入python,结果显示python默认的版本为python2.7.6,且使用python2进行操作;
终端输入python2,结果显示python2的版本信息为python2.7.6,且使用python2进行操作;
终端输入python3,结果显示有python3的版本信息为python3.4.3,且使用python3进行操作;
2. 在不改变原有python2和python3.4的基础上安装python3.6.5
(1)下载3.6.5版本
方法一:从python官网下载https://www.python.org/downloads/source/ 下载python-3.6.5.tgz
方法二:从ftp中下载,可直接下载也可通过终端下载
qyh@ubuntu:~$ cd /home/qyh/Downloads/
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz
(2)解压
qyh@ubuntu: tar -xvf /home/qyh/Downloads/Python-3.6.5.tgz
(3)安装
# 进入Python3.6.5解压版本路径下
qyh@ubuntu:/usr/bin$ cd /home/qyh/Downloads/
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ ls
Python-3.6.5 Python-3.6.5.tgz
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ cd Python-3.6.5/
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$
# 添加配置(--prefix表示配置的路径,若不添加表示配置到默认路径)
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ sudo ./configure "--prefix=/home/qyh/software/python3.6"
# 编译源码
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ sudo make
# 执行安装
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ sudo make install
(4)添加python3.6.5的链接
# 这边是建立新的链接到python3.6并未改变其它python2和python3的链接
# 若需替换则一般需要先删除之前的链接再链接新的
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ sudo ln -s /home/qyh/software/python3.6/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6
查看python3.6.5是否配置成功
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ python3.6
Python 3.6.5 (default, Dec 23 2018, 06:15:33)
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ python -V
Python 2.7.6
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ python3 -V
Python 3.4.3
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ python3.6 -V
Python 3.6.5
(5)不采用步骤4,采用步骤5替换python3的链接
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ sudo rm /usr/bin/python3
[sudo] password for qyh:
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ sudo ln -s /python_linux/python3.6/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads/Python-3.6.5$ python3
Python 3.6.5 (default, Dec 23 2018, 06:15:33)
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
五、Node.js安装
1. 下载node
(1)进入网站https://nodejs.org/dist/下载node-v11.4.0-linux-x64.tar.xz
(2)使用终端下载
qyh@ubuntu:/$ sudo wget https://nodejs.org/dist/node-v11.4.0-linux-x64.tar.xz
2. 解压
qyh@ubuntu:~/Downloads$tar -xvf /home/qyh/Downloads/node-v11.4.0-linux-x64.tar.xz -C /home/qyh/software/
3. 配置环境变量
qyh@ubuntu:~$ sudo gedit /etc/profile
#在profile文件下方添加以下内容
#node
export NODE_HOME=/home/qyh/software/node-v11.4.0-linux-x64
export PATH=$NODE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export NODE_PATH=$NODE_HOME/lib/node_modules
# 重新加载配置文件
qyh@ubuntu:~$ source /etc/profile
4. 检查node.js是否配置成功
qyh@ubuntu:/$ node -v
v11.4.0
qyh@ubuntu:/$ npm -v
6.4.1
六、Appium安装
1.使用npm或cnpm安装appium
(1)npm直接安装
qyh@ubuntu:/$ npm install -g appium
#若权限不足,则需添加sudo
qyh@ubuntu:/$ sudo npm install -g appium
(2)npm使用淘宝镜像安装
qyh@ubuntu:/$ npm install -g appium --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
若提示权限不足错误,则需添加sudo
qyh@ubuntu:/$ sudo npm install -g appium --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
若提示 [appium-chromedriver@XXX npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE npm ERR! errno 1],或通过以下命令解决
qyh@ubuntu:/$ npm install appium-chromedriver@XXX --ignore-scripts
或直接安装chromedriver
qyh@ubuntu:/$ npm install appium-chromedriver --chromedriver_cdnurl=http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver
(3)使用cnpm安装
先安装安装cnpm,安装appium
qyh@ubuntu:/$ npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
qyh@ubuntu:/$ sudo cnpm install -g appium
2. 检查appium是否安装成功
qyh@ubuntu:/$ appium -v
1.10.0
七、所需配置的软件所有环境变量包括jdk、sdk、node
#jdk
export JAVA_HOME=/home/qyh/software/jdk1.8.0_191
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
#android
export ANDROID_HOME=/home/qyh/software/android-sdk-linux
export PATH=${ANDROID_HOME}/:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools:${ANDROID_HOME}/platform-tools:$PATH
#node
export NODE_HOME=/home/qyh/software/node-v11.4.0-linux-x64
export PATH=$NODE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export NODE_PATH=$NODE_HOME/lib/node_modules
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