最近快被Oracle折磨疯了，不是SQL难写，而是搭建Oracle环境有点拉胯，闲话不多说开始进入正题（本文只是简单记录一下安装过程，适宜人群：有Linux基础的程序猿）
1、安装Oracle11GR2所需要的依赖包
- linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip （官网下载地址）
- linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip（官网下载地址）
- rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm (下载地址)
安装所需要的依赖包：
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static glibc glibc-common glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel kernelheaders pdksh pcre-devel readline rlwrap
将 rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 上传到服务器上并在其目录内执行
rpm -ivh rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
2、创建用户组及文件夹：
- 创建用户组：groupadd oinstall
- 创建用户组：groupadd dba
- 创建用户并添加到用户组：useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
- 设置Oracle用户密码：
passwd oracle
3、创建安装目录及分配权限
mkdir -p /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
mkdir /data/u01/app/oracle/{oradata,inventory,fast_recovery_area}
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /data/u01/app/oracle
4、上传数据库安装包并解压：
# 创建存放安装包的目录
mkdir -p /data/u01/software
# 将安装包上传至该目录下 上传方法略
# 下载解压工具
yum install -y unzip
# 在存放安装包的目录下 执行解压命令
cd /data/u01/software
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
5、修改配置文件并安装数据库：
1）修改内核文件： vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# 找到合适的位置（就好比厨师教你做饭：盐少许）添加如下内容
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
执行sysctl -p是配置文件生效
2）修改用户限制：vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
3）修改/etc/pam.d/login 文件：vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
4）修改/etc/profile 文件：vim /etc/profile
# 找到合适的位置（｝后或者IF前 或者#语句的上下；）
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
5）设置oracle 用户环境变量
先切换到oracle用户：su - oracle
编辑.bash_profile文件：vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/data/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=$ORACLE_SID
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'
使变量生效：source .bash_profile
6）修改静默安装响应文件
拷贝备份一份响应文件至当前用户目录：cp -R /data/u01/software/database/response/ ~
编辑db_install.rsp :vim ~/response/db_install.rsp
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
## ##
####################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 标注响应文件版本，这个版本必须和要安装的数据库版本相同，安装检验无法通过，不能更改
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# 3. UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 选择安装类型
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY 只装数据库软件
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG 安装数据库软件并建库
# 3. UPGRADE_DB 升级数据库
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定操作系统主机名，通过 hostname 命令获得
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定oracle inventory目录的所有者，通常会是 oinstall 或者 dba
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定产品清单 oracle inventory 目录的路径
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/u01/app/oracle/inventory
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en : English ja : Japanese
# fr : French ko : Korean
# ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish
# bn : Bengali lv : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian
# bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca : Catalan no : Norwegian
# hr : Croatian pl : Polish
# cs : Czech pt : Portuguese
# da : Danish ro : Romanian
# nl : Dutch ru : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak
# et : Estonian sl : Slovenian
# fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish
# de : German sv : Swedish
# el : Greek th : Thai
# iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish
# is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian
# in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese
# it : Italian
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定数据库语言，可以选择多个 , 用逗号隔开。选择en, zh_CN（英文和简体中文）
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置 ORALCE_HOME 的路径
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置 ORALCE_BASE 的路径
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/data/u01/app/oracle
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# EE : Enterprise Edition
# SE : Standard Edition
# SEONE : Standard Edition One
# PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 选择Oracle安装数据库软件的版本（企业版，标准版，标准版1），不同的版本功能不同
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.
#
# true : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property
# are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 是否自定义Oracle的组件，如果选择false，则会使用默认的组件，如果选择true否则需要自己在下面一条参数将要安装的组件一一列出。
# 安装相应版权后会安装所有的组件，后期如果缺乏某个组件，再次安装会非常的麻烦。
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true.
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.
#
# The following choices are available. You may specify any
# combination of these choices. The components you choose should
# be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
# Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#
# oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning
# oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining
# oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault
# oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security
# oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing
# oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 手工选择需要安装组件
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
###############################################################################
# #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
# ------------------------------------------ #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定拥有 OSDBA、OSOPER 权限的用户组，通常会是 dba 组
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 如果是RAC的安装，在这里指定所有的节点
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 选择数据库的用途，一般用途/事物处理，数据仓库
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定GlobalName
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定SID,和 ORACLE_SID 一致
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 选择字符集。不正确的字符集会给数据显示和存储带来麻烦无数。
# 通常中文选择的有 ZHS16GBK 简体中文库，建议选择 unicode 的 AL32UTF8 国际字符集
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 11g的新特性自动内存管理，也就是 SGA_TARGET 和 PAG_AGGREGATE_TARGET 都不用设置了，Oracle会自动调配两部分大小。
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定Oracle自动管理内存的大小，最小是256MB
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1024
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter
# database or not.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 是否载入模板示例
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default.
# These settings may also be disabled.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 是否启用安全设置
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
###############################################################################
# #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
# starter database: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置数据库用户密码，设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码，其它数据库用户就不用单独设置了。
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. GRID_CONTROL
# 2. DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 数据库本地管理工具 DB_CONTROL，远程集中管理工具 GRID_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage
# the database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# GRID_CONTROL 需要设定 grid control 的远程路径 URL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical
# alerts when using DB control.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 是否启用Email通知, 启用后会将告警等信息发送到指定邮箱
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置通知EMAIL地址
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置EMAIL邮件服务器
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
###############################################################################
# #
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS #
# ------------------------------------ #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned #
# using the entries below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置自动备份，和OUI里的自动备份一样
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system
# user that is specified in this variable.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 自动备份会启动一个job，指定启动JOB的系统用户ID
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user
# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the
# above operating system user.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 自动备份会开启一个job，需要指定OSUser的密码
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 自动备份，要求指定使用的文件系统存放数据库文件还是ASM
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定数据文件、控制文件、Redo log的存放目录
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定备份恢复目录
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定存放的磁盘组
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定ASM实例密码
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定metalink账户用户名
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定metalink账户密码
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 用户是否可以设置metalink密码
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection.
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 表示不需要设置安全更新，Response File中必须指定为true，否则会提示错误
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 代理服务器名
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars.
#
# Example : PROXY_PORT=25
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 代理服务器端口
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_USER=username
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 代理服务器用户名
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_PWD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 代理服务器密码
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=
7）执行安装：
切换到解压的安装包目录：cd /data/u01/software/database/
执行：./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
提示一下信息，安装完成：
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
8）切换到 root 用户，执行：
/data/ora/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh # 这个文件不一定会存在，目前不知原因
/data/ora/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
6、以静默方式创建一个实例
1）修改配置文件：
vim /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
修改内容如下：
##############################################################################
## ##
## DBCA response file ##
## ------------------ ##
## Copyright 1998, 2007, Oracle Corporation. All Rights Reserved. ##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize Oracle ##
## Database Configuration installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment identifies the ##
## variable type. ##
## ##
## Please specify the values in the following format : ##
## Type : Example ##
## String : "<value>" ##
## Boolean : True or False ##
## Number : <numeric value> ##
## StringList : {"<value1>","<value2>"} ##
## ##
## Examples : ##
## 1. dbca -progress_only -responseFile <response file> ##
## Display a progress bar depicting progress of database creation ##
## process. ##
## ##
## 2. dbca -silent -responseFile <response file> ##
## Creates database silently. No user interface is displayed. ##
## ##
## 3. dbca -silent -createDatabase -cloneTemplate ##
## -responseFile <response file> ##
## Creates database silently with clone template. The template in ##
## responsefile is a clone template. ##
## ##
## 4. dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -responseFile <response file> ##
## Deletes database silently. ##
##############################################################################
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# GENERAL section is required for all types of database creations.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[GENERAL]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : RESPONSEFILE_VERSION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Version of the database to create
# Valid values : "11.1.0"
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 数据库版本，不可更改
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : OPERATION_TYPE
# Datatype : String
# Description : Type of operation
# Valid values : "createDatabase" \ "createTemplateFromDB" \ "createCloneTemplate" \ "deleteDatabase" \ "configureDatabase" \ "addInstance" (RAC-only) \ "deleteInstance" (RAC-only)
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 操作类型：创建数据库
# 可选还有创建模版从数据库，创建克隆模版，删除数据库，配置数据库，添加实例（只限RAC），删除实例（只限RAC）
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
#-----------------------*** End of GENERAL section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CREATEDATABASE section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "createDatabase".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当操作类型选择 createDatabase 会使用下面的选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[CREATEDATABASE]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : GDBNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Global database name of the database
# Valid values : <db_name>.<db_domain> - when database domain isn't NULL
# <db_name> - when database domain is NULL
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 数据库的全局数据库名称
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GDBNAME = "orcl"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : POLICYMANAGED
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Set to true if Database is policy managed and
# set to false if Database is admin managed
# Valid values : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#POLICYMANAGED = "false"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : CREATESERVERPOOL
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Set to true if new server pool need to be created for database
# if this option is specified then the newly created database
# will use this newly created serverpool.
# Multiple serverpoolname can not be specified for database
# Valid values : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CREATESERVERPOOL = "false"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : FORCE
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Set to true if new server pool need to be created by force
# if this option is specified then the newly created serverpool
# will be assigned server even if no free servers are available.
# This may affect already running database.
# This flag can be specified for Admin managed as well as policy managed db.
# Valid values : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#FORCE = "false"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SERVERPOOLNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Only one serverpool name need to be specified
# if Create Server Pool option is specified.
# Comma-separated list of Serverpool names if db need to use
# multiple Server pool
# Valid values : ServerPool name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No [required in case of RAC service centric database]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SERVERPOOLNAME =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : CARDINALITY
# Datatype : Number
# Description : Specify Cardinality for create server pool operation
# Valid values : any positive Integer value
# Default value : Number of qualified nodes on cluster
# Mandatory : No [Required when a new serverpool need to be created]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CARDINALITY =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SID
# Datatype : String
# Description : System identifier (SID) of the database
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : <db_name> specified in GDBNAME
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 数据库的系统标识符
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SID = "orcl"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : NODELIST
# Datatype : String
# Description : Comma-separated list of cluster nodes
# Valid values : Cluster node names
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No (Yes for RAC database-centric database )
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#NODELIST=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : TEMPLATENAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Name of the template
# Valid values : Template file name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 模板文件的名字
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Set to true if passwords are encrypted
# Valid values : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS = FALSE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for SYS user
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 系统超级用户密码
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSPASSWORD = "Oracle1234"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSTEMPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for SYSTEM user
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "Oracle1234"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : EMCONFIGURATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Enterprise Manager Configuration Type
# Valid values : CENTRAL|LOCAL|ALL|NOBACKUP|NOEMAIL|NONE
# Default value : NONE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#EMCONFIGURATION = "NONE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DISABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Database Security Settings
# Valid values : ALL|NONE|AUDIT|PASSWORD_PROFILE
# Default value : NONE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DISABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION = "NONE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSMANPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for SYSMAN user
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if LOCAL specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSMANPASSWORD = "Oracle1234"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DBSNMPPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for DBSNMP user
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if EMCONFIGURATION is specified
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "Oracle1234"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : CENTRALAGENT
# Datatype : String
# Description : Grid Control Central Agent Oracle Home
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if CENTRAL is specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CENTRALAGENT =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : HOSTUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Host user name for EM backup job
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HOSTUSERNAME =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : HOSTUSERPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Host user password for EM backup job
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HOSTUSERPASSWORD=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : BACKUPSCHEDULE
# Datatype : String
# Description : Daily backup schedule in the form of hh:mm
# Default value : 2:00
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#BACKUPSCHEDULE=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SMTPSERVER
# Datatype : String
# Description : Outgoing mail (SMTP) server for email notifications
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOBACKUP are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SMTPSERVER =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : EMAILADDRESS
# Datatype : String
# Description : Email address for email notifications
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOBACKUP are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#EMAILADDRESS =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DVOWNERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : DataVault Owner
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if DataVault option is chosen
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVOWNERNAME = ""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DVOWNERPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for DataVault Owner
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if DataVault option is chosen
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVOWNERPASSWORD = ""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DVACCOUNTMANAGERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : DataVault Account Manager
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVACCOUNTMANAGERNAME = ""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DVACCOUNTMANAGERPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for DataVault Account Manager
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVACCOUNTMANAGERPASSWORD = ""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DATAFILEJARLOCATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Location of the data file jar
# Valid values : Directory containing compressed datafile jar
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DATAFILEJARLOCATION =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DATAFILEDESTINATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Location of the data file's
# Valid values : Directory for all the database files
# Default value : $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/data/u01/app/oracle/oradata
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : RECOVERYAREADESTINATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Location of the data file's
# Valid values : Recovery Area location
# Default value : $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : STORAGETYPE
# Datatype : String
# Description : Specifies the storage on which the database is to be created
# Valid values : FS (CFS for RAC), ASM
# Default value : FS
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#STORAGETYPE=FS
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DISKGROUPNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Specifies the disk group name for the storage
# Default value : DATA
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DISKGROUPNAME=DATA
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : ASMSNMP_PASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for ASM Monitoring
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#ASMSNMP_PASSWORD=""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : RECOVERYGROUPNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Specifies the disk group name for the recovery area
# Default value : RECOVERY
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#RECOVERYGROUPNAME=RECOVERY
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : CHARACTERSET
# Datatype : String
# Description : Character set of the database
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g National Language Support Guide
# Default value : "US7ASCII"
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 数据库的字符集
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : NATIONALCHARACTERSET
# Datatype : String
# Description : National Character set of the database
# Valid values : "UTF8" or "AL16UTF16". For details, check Oracle11g National Language Support Guide
# Default value : "AL16UTF16"
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 国家字符集
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
NATIONALCHARACTERSET= "UTF8"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : REGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Specifies whether to register with Directory Service.
# Valid values : TRUE \ FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#REGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE= TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DIRSERVICEUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Specifies the name of the directory service user
# Mandatory : YES, if the value of registerWithDirService is TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DIRSERVICEUSERNAME= "name"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DIRSERVICEPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the directory service user.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Mandatory : YES, if the value of registerWithDirService is TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DIRSERVICEPASSWORD= "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : WALLETPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password for wallet to created or modified.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Mandatory : YES, if the value of registerWithDirService is TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#WALLETPASSWORD= "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : LISTENERS
# Datatype : String
# Description : Specifies list of listeners to register the database with.
# By default the database is configured for all the listeners specified in the
# $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
# Valid values : The list should be space separated names like "listener1 listener2".
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#LISTENERS = "listener1 listener2"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : VARIABLESFILE
# Datatype : String
# Description : Location of the file containing variable value pair
# Valid values : A valid file-system file. The variable value pair format in this file
# is <variable>=<value>. Each pair should be in a new line.
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#VARIABLESFILE =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : VARIABLES
# Datatype : String
# Description : comma separated list of name=value pairs. Overrides variables defined in variablefile and templates
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#VARIABLES =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : INITPARAMS
# Datatype : String
# Description : comma separated list of name=value pairs. Overrides initialization parameters defined in templates
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#INITPARAMS =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : MEMORYPERCENTAGE
# Datatype : String
# Description : percentage of physical memory for Oracle
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Oracle占用物理内存的百分比
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
MEMORYPERCENTAGE = "40"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DATABASETYPE
# Datatype : String
# Description : used for memory distribution when MEMORYPERCENTAGE specified
# Valid values : MULTIPURPOSE|DATA_WAREHOUSING|OLTP
# Default value : MULTIPURPOSE
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : flag to indicate Automatic Memory Management is used
# Valid values : TRUE/FALSE
# Default value : TRUE
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "TRUE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : TOTALMEMORY
# Datatype : String
# Description : total memory in MB to allocate to Oracle
# Valid values :
# Default value :
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTALMEMORY = "2048"
#-----------------------*** End of CREATEDATABASE section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# createTemplateFromDB section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "createTemplateFromDB".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当操作类型是创建模版createTemplateFromDB的时候会启用这个选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[createTemplateFromDB]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SOURCEDB
# Datatype : String
# Description : The source database from which to create the template
# Valid values : The format is <host>:<port>:<sid>
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 给源数据库创建模版
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : A user with DBA role.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用的数据库角色是system
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the DBA user.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAPASSWORD = "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : TEMPLATENAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Name for the new template.
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 新模版的名字
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"
#-----------------------*** End of createTemplateFromDB section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# createCloneTemplate section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "createCloneTemplate".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当操作类型是创建克隆模版createCloneTemplate会使用下面的选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[createCloneTemplate]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SOURCEDB
# Datatype : String
# Description : The source database is the SID from which to create the template.
# This database must be local and on the same ORACLE_HOME.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 源数据库的SID
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : A user with DBA role.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES, if no OS authentication
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the DBA user.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAPASSWORD = "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : TEMPLATENAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Name for the new template.
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 新模版的名字
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DATAFILEJARLOCATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Location of the data file jar
# Valid values : Directory where the new compressed datafile jar will be placed
# Default value : $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates
# Mandatory : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DATAFILEJARLOCATION =
#-----------------------*** End of createCloneTemplate section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# DELETEDATABASE section is used when DELETE_TYPE is defined as "deleteDatabase".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当操作类型是删除数据库DELETEDATABASE会启动下面的选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[DELETEDATABASE]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SOURCEDB
# Datatype : String
# Description : The source database is the SID
# This database must be local and on the same ORACLE_HOME.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 源数据库的SID
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : A user with DBA role.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES, if no OS authentication
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the DBA user.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES, if no OS authentication
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAPASSWORD = "password"
#-----------------------*** End of deleteDatabase section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# GENERATESCRIPTS section
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 生成脚本的选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[generateScripts]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : TEMPLATENAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Name of the template
# Valid values : Template name as seen in DBCA
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 模版的名字
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : GDBNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Global database name of the database
# Valid values : <db_name>.<db_domain> - when database domain isn't NULL
# <db_name> - when database domain is NULL
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 全局数据库的名字
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SCRIPTDESTINATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Location of the scripts
# Valid values : Directory for all the scripts
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SCRIPTDESTINATION =
#-----------------------*** End of deleteDatabase section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONFIGUREDATABASE section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "configureDatabase".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当操作类型是配置数据库CONFIGUREDATABASE会启用下面的选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[CONFIGUREDATABASE]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SOURCEDB
# Datatype : String
# Description : The source database is the SID
# This database must be local and on the same ORACLE_HOME.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SOURCEDB = "orcl"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : A user with DBA role.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES, if no OS authentication
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the DBA user.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES, if no OS authentication
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAPASSWORD =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : REGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Specifies whether to register with Directory Service.
# Valid values : TRUE \ FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#REGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE= TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : UNREGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Specifies whether to unregister with Directory Service.
# Valid values : TRUE \ FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#UNREGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE= TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : REGENERATEDBPASSWORD
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Specifies whether regenerate database password in OID/Wallet
# Valid values : TRUE \ FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#REGENERATEDBPASSWORD= TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DIRSERVICEUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Specifies the name of the directory service user
# Mandatory : YES, if the any of the reg/unreg/regenPasswd options specified
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DIRSERVICEUSERNAME= "name"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DIRSERVICEPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the directory service user.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Mandatory : YES, if the any of the reg/unreg/regenPasswd options specified
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DIRSERVICEPASSWORD= "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : WALLETPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password for wallet to created or modified.
# You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Mandatory : YES, if the any of the reg/unreg/regenPasswd options specified
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#WALLETPASSWORD= "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DISABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Database Security Settings
# Valid values : ALL|NONE|AUDIT|PASSWORD_PROFILE
# Default value : NONE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DISABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION = "NONE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : ENABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Database Security Settings
# Valid values : true|false
# Default value : true
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#ENABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION = "true"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : EMCONFIGURATION
# Datatype : String
# Description : Enterprise Manager Configuration Type
# Valid values : CENTRAL|LOCAL|ALL|NOBACKUP|NOEMAIL|NONE
# Default value : NONE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#EMCONFIGURATION = "NONE"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSMANPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for SYSMAN user
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if LOCAL specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------SYSMANPASSWORD = "ORACLE1234"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "Oracle1234"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DBSNMPPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Password for DBSNMP user
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if EMCONFIGURATION is specified
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DBSNMPPASSWORD = "password"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : CENTRALAGENT
# Datatype : String
# Description : Grid Control Central Agent Oracle Home
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if CENTRAL is specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CENTRALAGENT =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : HOSTUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : Host user name for EM backup job
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HOSTUSERNAME =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : HOSTUSERPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : Host user password for EM backup job
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HOSTUSERPASSWORD=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : BACKUPSCHEDULE
# Datatype : String
# Description : Daily backup schedule in the form of hh:mm
# Default value : 2:00
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#BACKUPSCHEDULE=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SMTPSERVER
# Datatype : String
# Description : Outgoing mail (SMTP) server for email notifications
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOBACKUP are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SMTPSERVER =
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : EMAILADDRESS
# Datatype : String
# Description : Email address for email notifications
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes, if ALL or NOBACKUP are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#EMAILADDRESS =
#-----------------------*** End of CONFIGUREDATABASE section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ADDINSTANCE section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "addInstance".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当操作类型选择的是添加实例ADDINSTANCE会启动下面的选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ADDINSTANCE]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DB_UNIQUE_NAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : DB Unique Name of the RAC database
# Valid values : <db_unique_name>
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RAC数据库的唯一的名称
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : INSTANCENAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : RAC instance name to be added
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : <sid_prefix>+<highest_current_thread+1>
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#INSTANCENAME = "orcl1"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : NODELIST
# Datatype : String
# Description : Node on which to add new instance
# (in 10gR2, instance addition is supported on 1 node at a time)
# Valid values : Cluster node name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 添加新实例的节点
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
NODELIST=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Set to true if passwords are encrypted
# Valid values : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS = FALSE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : A user with DBA role.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用的角色是sys
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the DBA user.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAPASSWORD = "password"
#-----------------------*** End of ADDINSTANCE section ***------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# DELETEINSTANCE section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "deleteInstance".
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 当选择的操作类型是删除实例DELETEINSTANCE会启动下面选项
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[DELETEINSTANCE]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : DB_UNIQUE_NAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : DB Unique Name of the RAC database
# Valid values : <db_unique_name>
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RAC数据库的唯一名字
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : INSTANCENAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : RAC instance name to be deleted
# Valid values : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 要删除的RAC实例名
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : NODELIST
# Datatype : String
# Description : Node on which instance to be deleted (SID) is located
# Valid values : Cluster node name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#NODELIST=
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description : Set to true if passwords are encrypted
# Valid values : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS = FALSE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAUSERNAME
# Datatype : String
# Description : A user with DBA role.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 使用的数据库角色
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name : SYSDBAPASSWORD
# Datatype : String
# Description : The password of the DBA user.
# Default value : none
# Mandatory : YES
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSDBAPASSWORD = "password"
#-----------------------*** End of DELETEINSTANCE section ***------------------------
2）执行安装：( 先切换到oracle用户)
dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
安装之后可以查看实例：env|grep ORACLE_UNQNAME
创建第二个实例 只需要把dbca.rsp 复制一个使用dbca工具创建即可:
我创建了两个实例orcl、tsorcl
切换实例：export ORACLE_SID = tsorcl、export ORACLE_SID = orcl
进入sqlplus 启动实例：sqlplus / as sysdba
查看当前实例信息：show parameter name
启动实例：startup
关闭实例：shutdown
启动侦听器：lsnrctl start
关闭侦听器：lsnrctl stop
查看侦听器状态:lsnrctl status
7、其他配置（Oracle监听配置）
安装网络监听器：
/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp
1）listener.ora：用于服务端，用于提示服务端监听哪些实例。
由于项目需求我创建了两个实例配置监听如下
vim /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = tsorcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = tsorcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/u01/app/oracle
2）tnsnames.ora：用于客户端,提示客户端从哪个监听实例连接。没有的话新建一个即可。
vim /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER_TSORCL =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
TSORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = tsorcl)
)
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
3）配置开机自启
安装好Oracle数据库后: 执行 dbstart和dbshut会提示：
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
错误原因是：dbstart脚本文件中ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER的设置有问题
a、修改dbstart：vim /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart
# 将 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 修改为 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
# 修改前
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
# 修改后
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
b、修改/etc/oratab文件：vim /etc/oratab
# 修改前
orcl:/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:N
tsorcl:/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:N
# 修改后
orcl:/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y
tsorcl:/data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y
c、把lsnrctl start和dbstart添加到rc.local文件中(切换到root用户)
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
在结尾加上如下内容
su oracle -lc /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start
su oracle -lc /data/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart
最后 执行 chmod 777 /etc/rc.d/rc.local
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