google了很多文章以后，总结了一个有用的，测试成功：
- 首先需要从16.04 → 18.04
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list ~/
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list ~/
# 改变源（粘贴下面这一段到终端并运行）
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main universe multiverse restricted
EOF
# 依次执行以下语句
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main universe multiverse restricted"
# 执行升级
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-advantage-tools --autoremove
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-infra.list
sudo do-release-upgrade
- 升级过程比较漫长，大约半个小时，完毕后提示是否要重启，重启就行
- 过程中弹出的窗口，统统回车就行（一般是问你保留旧设置还是覆盖，回车默认保留）
- 18.04 → 20.04
基本一样的步骤,但是必须要先升级到18.04：
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list ~/
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list ~/
# 改变源（粘贴下面这一段到终端并运行）
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main universe multiverse restricted
EOF
# 依次执行以下语句
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main universe multiverse restricted"
# 执行升级
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-advantage-tools --autoremove
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-infra.list
sudo do-release-upgrade
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