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生产者消费者模式

生产者消费者模式

作者: 简祖明 | 来源:发表于2018-07-02 12:16 被阅读0次

    介绍

    一个系统中存在生产者和消费者两个角色,他们通过缓存区进行通信,缓存区大小固定且有两个线程,一个线程控制生产者生成数据并存入缓存区,另一个线程供消费者从缓存区中取对象并去使用数据。

    优点

    生产者不会在缓冲区满时加入数据,消费者也不会在缓冲区中空时消耗数据,两者会相互等待对方完成(注意防止死锁出现)。

    应用场景

    1. 如网络访问框架可以采用该模式,请求相当于生产者,响应相当于消费者
    2. 用户提交订单,如果量过大,进入堵塞队列,等待订单生成后返回结果,才能继续执行生成订单的操作。

    实现方式

    • wait和notify实现
    • 阻塞队列实现LinkedBlockingQueue

    代码示例

    1.wait和notify实现

    缓存区:

    public class Storage {
    
        private final int MAX_SIZE = 5;
        
        LinkedList<String> list = new LinkedList<String>();
        
        public void produce(String producer){
            
            synchronized (list) {
                while (list.size() == MAX_SIZE) {
                    try {
                        System.out.println("队列已满,等待消费者使用");
                        list.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                
                System.out.println("添加:" + producer);
                list.add(producer);
                list.notifyAll();
            }
        }
        
        
        public void consume(String producer){
            
            synchronized (list) {
                while (list.size() == 0) {
                    try {
                        System.out.println("等待生产者生成");
                        list.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                System.out.println("消费" + producer);
                list.remove(producer);
                list.notifyAll();
            }
        }
    }
    

    客户端中的生产者和消费者

    public class Client {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Storage storage = new Storage();
            Producer producer = new Producer(storage);
            Consumer consumer = new Consumer(storage);
            producer.start();
            consumer.start();
    
        }
    
        public static class Producer extends Thread {
            Storage storage;
    
            public Producer(Storage storage) {
                this.storage = storage;
            }
    
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
                    storage.produce("生产" + i);
                }
            }
        }
    
        public static class Consumer extends Thread {
            Storage storage;
    
            public Consumer(Storage storage) {
                this.storage = storage;
            }
    
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
                    storage.consume("生产" + i);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    1.LinkedBlockingQueue

    生产者

    public class Producer implements Runnable {
    
        private volatile boolean isRunning = true;
        // 创建一个队列
        BlockingQueue<PcData> queue;
        AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
    
        public Producer(BlockingQueue<PcData> queue) {
            this.queue = queue;
        }
    
        public void run() {
            PcData data = null;
            Random r = new Random();
            try {
                while (isRunning) {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                    data = new PcData(count.getAndIncrement());
                    System.out.println("添加的队列中");
                    if(!queue.offer(data, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)){
                        System.out.println("添加的队列失败,等待中");
                    }
                    
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
    
        public void stop() {
            isRunning = false;
        }
    
    }
    
    

    消费者

    public class Consumer implements Runnable {
    
        private BlockingQueue<PcData> queue;
    
        public Consumer(BlockingQueue<PcData> queue) {
            this.queue = queue;
        }
    
        public void run() {
            Random r = new Random();
            try {
                while (true) {
                    PcData data = queue.take();
                    if (null != data) {
                        int re = data.getData() * data.getData();
                        System.out.println(data.toString() + re);
                        Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(5000));
                    }
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
    }
    
    

    客户端

        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
            BlockingQueue<PcData> queue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<PcData>(2);
    
            Producer prducer1 = new Producer(queue);
            Producer prducer2 = new Producer(queue);
            Producer prducer3 = new Producer(queue);
    
            Consumer c1 = new Consumer(queue);
            Consumer c2 = new Consumer(queue);
            Consumer c3 = new Consumer(queue);
    
            ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
    
            executor.execute(prducer1);
            executor.execute(prducer2);
            executor.execute(prducer3);
            executor.execute(c1);
            executor.execute(c2);
            executor.execute(c3);
            Thread.sleep(10 * 1000);
            prducer1.stop();
            prducer2.stop();
            prducer3.stop();
            Thread.sleep(3000);
            executor.shutdown();
        }
    }
    
    

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