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Retrofit+okHttp3一步一步封装MVP

Retrofit+okHttp3一步一步封装MVP

作者: luweicheng24 | 来源:发表于2018-01-22 16:58 被阅读0次

    Retrofit+okHttp3一步一步封装MVP

    Retrofit+okhttp3 是目前最流行的网络请求框架,本文主要说明MVP一步步封装,对于Retrofit不会过多讲解。MVP算是目前比较火的一想移动端的代码架构,采用Presenter隔离View层和Model层,解耦View层由于涉及过多逻辑而造成的代码臃肿,导致调试以及后期更改麻烦,下面开始一步一步搭建Retrofit+okHttp3封装MVP:

    • 创建View基类接口,声明将来在View层的回调接口
    
    public interface IMvpViewImpl<T extends CommonVo>  {
    
         void requesting(); // 数据请求开始
         void success(T data); // 请求成功
         void fail(ErrorInfo errorInfo); // 请求失败
    
    }
    
    • 创建一个Presenter的抽象基类
    /**
     * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/19 0019 15:00
     * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
     * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
     * funcation: presenter抽象基类
     **/
    public abstract class AbstactMvpPresenter<V extends IMvpViewImpl> {
        protected HashMap<String,String> paramMap; // 参数map
        private V mvpView;
        // 关联View
        public void attachView(V mvpView){
            this.mvpView = mvpView;
            paramMap = new HashMap<>();
        }
        // 与View接触绑定
       public void detachView(){
           this.mvpView = null;
       }
        // 获取View
        public V getMvpView() {
            return mvpView;
        }
    }
    
    

    该类中的ParamMap是方便以后发送网络请求时的参数封装到map中,其中在Activity或者Fragment的创建时将Presenter与其关联,在界面销毁时设置传递到Presenter中的View为null,这样不会再Activity或者Fragment销毁时Presenter层仍然持有View的引用而导致内存泄漏。

    • 创建抽象Activity实现View的接口,抽象一个创建Presenter的方法,方便子类实现各自的presenter,在onResume和onStop关联Presenter和去除关联。
    /**
     * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/19 0019 15:26
     * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
     * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
     * funcation: Activity的抽象基类
     **/
    public abstract class AbstractMvpActivity<P extends AbstactMvpPresenter> extends AppCompatActivity implements IMvpViewImpl {
        protected  P presenter;
        @Override
        protected void onResume() {
            super.onResume();
            presenter = createPresenter();
            if(presenter==null){
                throw new RuntimeException("present is null");
            }
            presenter.attachView(this)
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onStop() {
            super.onStop();
            if(presenter!=null){
                presenter.detachView();
            }
        }
    
        // 子类创建具体的Presenter
        protected abstract P createPresenter();
    }
    
    

    MVP 的基本基类就编写完成,下面看一下如何封装一个适合项目的网络请求

    • 先编写一个简单的网络接口,改接口是临时本地编写的一个ssm的后台项目,Controller代码如下:
    /**
     * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/22 0022 10:05
     * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
     * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
     * funcation:
     */
    @Controller
    public class LoginController {
    
        @RequestMapping("/login")
        @ResponseBody()
        public Map<String,Object> login(@RequestParam(value = "name",required=false) String name, @RequestParam(value = "password",required=false) String password) {
            Map requestMap = new HashMap();
            if (name != null && password != null ) {
                requestMap.put("res_code",1);
                requestMap.put("res_msg","登陆成功");
                LoginParm parm = new LoginParm();
                parm.setSex("男");
                parm.setName(name);
                parm.setAge("23");
                requestMap.put("user",parm);
            } else {
                requestMap.put("res_code",1);
                requestMap.put("res_msg","登陆成功");
            }
            return requestMap;
        }
    
    }
    
    

    以上代码只是为了测试方便随意编写的一个Controller,数据返回格式为json。

    • 移动端的接口代码,编写个基于post和get的两种http请求方式:
    /**
     * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/19 0019 16:20
     * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
     * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
     * funcation: Retrofit接口类
     **/
    public interface ApiService {
    //    retrofit 的get请求
        @GET("/login")
        Call<LoginVo> loginGet(@QueryMap HashMap<String,String> paramMap);
    // retrofit的post请求
        @FormUrlEncoded
        @POST("/login")
        Call<LoginVo> loginPost(@FieldMap HashMap<String,String> paramMap);
    }
    
    • 下面是编写ApiClient作为发起网络请求的客户端:
    /**
     * Author   : luweicheng on 2018/1/22 0022 09:41
     * E-mail   :1769005961@qq.com
     * GitHub   : https://github.com/luweicheng24
     * funcation: Api客户端
     **/
    public class ApiClient {
        private ApiClient(){}
        public static ApiClient client;
        private static  ApiService apiService;
        static {
             Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit
                     .Builder()
                     .baseUrl("http://192.168.1.35:8081/")
                     .client(new OkHttpClient())
                     .addConverterFactory( GsonConverterFactory.create())
                     .build();
             apiService = retrofit.create(ApiService.class);
         }
          public static ApiService getApiService(){
              if(client==null){
                  synchronized (ApiClient.class){
                      if(client==null){
                          client = new ApiClient();
                      }
                  }
              }
              return apiService;
          }
    }
    
    

    这里先来看一下服务端返回的数据格式:

    {"res_msg":"登陆成功",
    "user":{"name":"123","age":"23","sex":"男"},
    "res_code":1
    }
    

    以上数据格式也是现在基本所有服务器返回数据的基本格式,所以针对这种数据格式先来创建一个CommonParm:

    public class CommonVo{
        private int res_code;
        private String res_msg;
    
        public int getRes_code() {
            return res_code;
        }
    
        public void setRes_code(int res_code) {
            this.res_code = res_code;
        }
    
        public String getRes_msg() {
            return res_msg;
        }
    
        public void setRes_msg(String res_msg) {
            this.res_msg = res_msg;
        }
    }
    

    再来编写一个具体的vo类,继承自CommonParam

    public class LoginVo extends CommonVo{
    
        /**
         * user : {"name":"123","age":"23","sex":"男"}
         */
    
        private UserBean user;
    
        public UserBean getUser() {
            return user;
        }
    
        public void setUser(UserBean user) {
            this.user = user;
        }
    
        public static class UserBean {
            /**
             * name : 123
             * age : 23
             * sex : 男
             */
    
            private String name;
            private String age;
            private String sex;
    
            public String getName() {
                return name;
            }
    
            public void setName(String name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
    
            public String getAge() {
                return age;
            }
    
            public void setAge(String age) {
                this.age = age;
            }
    
            public String getSex() {
                return sex;
            }
    
            public void setSex(String sex) {
                this.sex = sex;
            }
            
            @Override
            public String toString() {
                return "UserBean{" +
                        "name='" + name + '\'' +
                        ", age='" + age + '\'' +
                        ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                        '}';
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "LoginVo{" +
                    "user=" + user +
                    '}';
        }
    }
    
    

    由于服务器返回的数据根据res_code会有不同的操作,所以本地封装一个ErrorInfo类来封装code和msg:

    public class ErrorInfo {
        private int errCode;
        private String errMsg;
        public ErrorInfo(int errCode, String errMsg) {
            this.errCode = errCode;
            this.errMsg = errMsg;
        }
        public int getErrCode() {
            return errCode;
        }
    
        public void setErrCode(int errCode) {
            this.errCode = errCode;
        }
    
        public String getErrMsg() {
            return errMsg;
        }
    
        public void setErrMsg(String errMsg) {
            this.errMsg = errMsg;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "ErrorInfo{" +
                    "errCode=" + errCode +
                    ", errMsg='" + errMsg + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }
    
    

    在完成上面的编写后,就到了编写一个具体mvp流程了,如何进行一次封装的网络请求:

    
    
    public class LoginModel {
       //   登录
        public void login(HashMap<String,String> paraMap, HttpCallBack customCallBack){
            Call<LoginVo> call = ApiClient.getApiService().loginGet(paraMap);
            call.enqueue(customCallBack);
        }
    }
    
    

    HttpCallBack 是一个自定义的回调处理,实现了Retrofit的CallBack接口,在内部根据服务器返回的信息进行处理:

    public class HttpCallBack<T extends CommonVo> implements Callback {
        public static final int NET_ERROR = 10086;
    
        public HttpCallBack(ResponseResultListener resultListener) {
            this.resultListener = resultListener;
        }
        @Override
        public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {
            T vo = (T) response.body();
    //            根据code过滤数据
            if (resultListener != null&&vo.getRes_code()==1) {
                resultListener.success(vo);
            } else {
                resultListener.error(new ErrorInfo(vo.getRes_code(), vo.getRes_msg()));
            }
    
        }
        @Override
        public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable t) {
            resultListener.error(new ErrorInfo(NET_ERROR, "网络异常"));
            Log.e("net-error", "onFailure: " + t.getMessage());
        }
    
        private ResponseResultListener resultListener;
    
        public void setResultListener(ResponseResultListener resultListener) {
            this.resultListener = resultListener;
        }
    }
    

    在Callback的两个回调接口中需要将该处的数据传递出去,所以利用一个接口回调将数据传递出去:

    
    public interface ResponseResultListener<T extends CommonVo> {
        //      正确返回数据(res_code!=1)
        void success(T t);
        //      返回数据有错
        void error(ErrorInfo errorInfo);
    }
    
    

    接下来编写LoginActiivty:

    public class LoginActivity extends AbstractMvpActivity<LoginPresenter> {
        private EditText et_name, et_password;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            et_name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_name);
            et_password = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_passsword);
        }
    
        @Override
        protected LoginPresenter createPresenter() {
            return new LoginPresenter();
        }
    
        public void login(View view) {
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(et_name.getText()) && TextUtils.isEmpty(et_password.getText())) {
                presenter.requestLogin(et_name.getText().toString(), et_password.getText().toString());
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
    
        }
    
        @Override
        public void requesting() {
            System.out.println("数据请求中");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void success(CommonVo data) {
            ((LoginVo) data).toString();
            Toast.makeText(this, "登录成功"+((LoginVo) data).toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    
            System.out.println("loginactivity" + ((LoginVo) data).toString());
        }
    
        @Override
        public void fail(ErrorInfo errorInfo) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "登录失败"+errorInfo.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            System.out.println("loginactivity" + errorInfo.toString());
    
        }
    
    }
    
    

    该类只是继承AbstractMvpActivity规定Presenter的泛型,实现如下方法:

      @Override
        protected LoginPresenter createPresenter() {
            return new LoginPresenter();
        }
    
    

    接下里就是具体的Presenter类的编写了:

    public class LoginPresenter extends AbstactMvpPresenter<IMvpViewImpl> {
            private IMvpViewImpl view;
            private LoginModel loginModel;
            public LoginPresenter(){
                loginModel = new LoginModel();
            }
    //       请求登录
            public void requestLogin(String name,String password){
              view =  getMvpView();
              if(view != null){
                view.requesting();
              }
               paramMap.put("name",name);
               paramMap.put("password",password);
               loginModel.login(paramMap,new HttpCallBack(new ResponseResultListener<LoginVo>() {
                   @Override
                   public void success(LoginVo loginVo) {
                     view.success(loginVo);
                   }
                   @Override
                   public void error(ErrorInfo errorInfo) {
                       view.fail(errorInfo);
                       System.out.println(errorInfo.toString());
                   }
               }));
    
          }
    
    }
    
    

    Loginpresenter在创建的时候便会创建一个LoginModel,当View层调用Presenter时,Presenter调用Model层的数据请求,数据请求完成后将数据回调给View层。
    Model层只做数据的存取操作:

    public class LoginModel {
       //   登录
        public void login(HashMap<String,String> paraMap, HttpCallBack customCallBack){
            Call<LoginVo> call = ApiClient.getApiService().loginGet(paraMap);
            call.enqueue(customCallBack);
        }
    }
    
    

    这样一个采用Retrofit+okhttp3搭建完整的MVP架构就算完成了,其中还有还需很大的优化,github源码下载,欢迎issue,star。

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