周末终于把Git学了，目的是更好的理解和使用Github。附上操作命令的学习笔记～
Chap-1 Git workflow
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Git commands - to help keep track of changes make to a project:
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git init : create a new Git repository
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git status: inspect the contents of the working directory and staging area
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git add: adds files from the woking directory to the staging area
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git diff: shows the difference between the working directory and the staging area
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git commit: permanently store file changes form the staging area in the repository ( e.g.: git commit -m “add a line ” )
Chap-2 Backtrack in Git
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git checkout HEAD filename: Discards changes in the working directory
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git reset HEAD filename: Unstage file changes in the staging area
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git reset commit_SHA: reset to a previous commit in your commit history
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git add filename_1 filename_2 : add multiple files to the staging area with a single command
Chap-3 Branch （重点）
Git branching allows users to experiment with different versions of project by checking out separate branches to work on.
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git branch： lists all a Git project’s branches. ( 1) include: master / other branches; 2) * mark means where you are)
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git branch branch_name: creates a new branch
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(The master and fencing branches are identical: they share the same exact commit history)
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git checkout branch_name: used to switch from one branch to another ( commands on this branch have no impact on master)
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git merge branch_name: used to join file changes from one branch to another (Fast-forward :The merge is a "fast forward" because Git recognizes that fencing contains the most recent commit. )
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git branch -d branch_name: Deletes the branch specified
Chap-4 Git Teamwork
A remote is a Git repository that lives outside your Git project folder.
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git clone: creates a local copy of a remote
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git remote -v: lists a Git project’s remotes
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git fetch: fetches work from the remote into the local copy
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git merge origin/master: Merges origin/master into your local branch
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git push origin branch_name: pushes a local branch to the origin remote
笔记来源于Codecademy网站。
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