长城是古人为抵御外敌入侵而修建的，已有两千多年的历史。因为年久失修，长城的损毁很严重，好在近年来对于长城的保护越来越受重视了。
Preserving the Great Wall
by Maggie Hiufu Wong
On a warm spring morning in 1984, Dong Yao-hui and his two young friends, Wu De-yu and Zhang Yuan-hua, pulled on military surplus backpacks and boots and set out on a hike along a stretch of the Great Wall of China.
pull on 快速穿戴上（衣帽等）
military /ˈmɪlɪt(ə)ri/ adj. 军用的
surplus /ˈsɜːpləs/ n. 盈余、结余
backpack /ˈbækpæk/ n. 双肩背包（military surplus backpack是容量大又耐用的军用背包，也广泛用于民用领域）
set out 出发
hike /haɪk/ n. 徒步旅行
stretch /stretʃ/ n. 一段（路、墙等）
Their walk began at Laolongtou in Shanhai Pass, where what was once believed to be the easternmost stretch of the wall reaches into the Bohai Sea. From there they forged westward toward the mountains of Hebei province and the vast Chinese territory stretching out beyond.
easternmost /ˈiːst(ə)nˌməʊst/ adj. 最东边的（由eastern加上表示最远端的后缀-most）
forge /fɔːdʒ/ v. 稳步前行
westward /ˈwestwəd/ adv. 朝西
province /ˈprɒvɪns/ n. 省
vast /vɑːst/ adj. 巨大的
territory /ˈterɪt(ə)ri/ n. 领土、地域
stretch /stretʃ/ v. 伸展、延伸
By sunset the first night, they'd made good progress and took shelter in a crumbling fortification（防御工事） that, centuries ago, had accommodated the men who once stood guard on the Wall, perhaps watching for invaders from the north.
sunset /ˈsʌnset/ n. 日落
progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. 进展
shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. 遮蔽、庇护
crumble /ˈkrʌmb(ə)l/ v. （建筑物）崩塌
accommodate /əˈkɒmədeɪt/ v. 容纳、提供住宿
stand guard 站岗
invader /ɪnˈveɪdə(r)/ n. 侵略者（由invade加上表示人的后缀-er）
There they contemplated the journey ahead of them – a walk of 17 months and 8,850 kilometers that would test their endurance, but also take them into the record books as the first people ever to walk the length of the wall. It was a trip that would not only change the lives of the three friends but would change the fortunes of the wall itself, helping preserve it and elevate it to the revered status it holds today.
contemplate /ˈkɒntəmpleɪt/ v. 沉思、深入思考
endurance /ɪnˈdjʊər(ə)ns/ n. 毅力（由endure加后缀-ance变成名词）
record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 纪录
fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 命运、前途
preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护、妥善保存
elevate /ˈelɪveɪt/ v. 提高、提升
revere /rɪˈvɪə(r)/ v. 崇敬
status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位
On completing their journey, the expedition team spent the following two years consolidating and publishing their experiences in a book titled "Ming Dynasty Great Wall Expedition." As they shared tales of their adventures, it became clear to the trio that it was not just the physical demands that left lasting impressions, but also the emotional impact of seeing how much of the wall had fallen into ruin.
expedition /ˌekspəˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 考察旅行、探险
consolidate /kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/ v. 整合
publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 出版、发表
title /ˈtaɪt(ə)l/ v. 给予标题
dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 王朝、朝代
tale /teɪl/ n. 故事
adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 冒险、奇遇
trio /ˈtriːəʊ/ n. 三人小组
physical /ˈfɪzɪk(ə)l/ adj. 身体的
impression /ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n/ n. 印象
emotional /ɪˈməʊʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj. 情感的（由emotion加后缀-al变成形容词）
impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 显著影响
ruin /ˈruːɪn/ n. 废墟、断壁残垣
Work to preserve the Great Wall began in earnest in 1987 when UNESCO designated it as a World Heritage Site. Since then, China has implemented a number of measures to protect the world-famous attraction.
in earnest /ˈɜːnɪst/ 认真地
UNESCO 联合国教科文组织
designate /ˈdezɪɡneɪt/ v. 指定、正式确定
heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 文化遗产
implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ v. 实施、施行
measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ n. 措施
In 2006, for instance, the State Council issued the Regulation on the Protection of Great Wall to strengthen laws surrounding its preservation and regulate activities carried out on the structure.
for instance /ˈɪnstəns/ = for example
State Council /ˈkaʊns(ə)l/ 国务院
issue /ˈɪʃuː/ v. 颁布
regulation /ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 条例、法规（由regulate加后缀-ion变成名词）
protection /prəˈtekʃ(ə)n/ n. 保护（由protect加后缀-ion变成名词）
strengthen /ˈstreŋθ(ə)n/ v. 加强、增强（由strength加后缀-en变成动词）
surround /səˈraʊnd/ v. 围绕
preservation /ˌprezəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 保护（由preserve加后缀-ation变成名词）
regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/ v. 规定、管控
activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动
carry out 实行、开展
structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 结构体、建筑物
In Beijing, China's first Great Wall Restoration Center will be established this year, showcasing the seemingly invisible but meticulous restoration works on the Jiankou section. Meanwhile, a new team of 463 local villagers has recently been hired to act as guardians of the Great Wall.
restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 修复、复原（由restore加后缀-ation变成名词）
establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ v. 建立
showcase /ˈʃəʊkeɪs/ v. 展示、展现
seemingly /ˈsiːmɪŋli/ adv. 看起来、看上去
invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ adj. 不可见的、看不见的（由visible加上表示否定的前缀in-）
meticulous /məˈtɪkjuləs/ adj. 小心翼翼的、一丝不苟的
meanwhile /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ adv. 与此同时
villager /ˈvɪlɪdʒə(r)/ n. 村民（由village加上表示人的后缀-er）
hire /haɪə(r)/ v. 雇佣
act as 充当、担任
guardian /ˈɡɑːdiən/ n. 保卫者（由guard加后缀-ian变成名词）
Dong places his palm on the weathered wall, still contemplating it as he did 35 years younger. But today, he ruminates（深思） on a mission grander than his own journey. "Someone, once upon a time, dug up some earth, molded it into a brick," he says. "Someone else brought it all the way up the mountain and built a wall. Then many people guarded the wall for hundreds and thousands of years."
place /pleɪs/ v. 放
palm /pɑːm/ n. 手掌
weather /ˈweðə(r)/ v. 天气造成破坏（如日晒雨淋等）
mission /ˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 使命
grand /ɡrænd/ adj. 巨大的、重要的
earth /ɜːθ/ n. 泥土
mold /məʊld/ v. （用模具）使成型
brick /brɪk/ n. 砖
all the way 一路、一直
guard /ɡɑːd/ v. 保卫、守卫
"The Great Wall is definitely alive. It isn't just a cold, stone wall. When you put your palm on the wall, you're holding hands with countless of ancestors from over the years."
alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj. 活着的
countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 数不清的（由count加上表示否定的后缀-less并变成形容词）
ancestor /ˈænsestə(r)/ n. 祖先
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