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kubernetes+Dashboard+Heapster(一)

kubernetes+Dashboard+Heapster(一)

作者: Medivh_ | 来源:发表于2018-01-17 22:25 被阅读265次

    简介: Kubernetes(k8s)是自动化容器操作的开源平台,这些操作包括部署,调度和节点集群间扩展。如果你曾经用过Docker容器技术部署容器,那么可以将Docker看成Kubernetes内部使用的低级别组件。Kubernetes不仅仅支持Docker,还支持Rocket,这是另一种容器技术。

    阿里云专属镜像加速器

    bqr1dr1n.mirror.aliyuncs.com
    

    基本概念

    • pod 最小的基本单位,就像一个个对应的容器。对于一个简单的网站来说,一个POD是前台,一个POD是后台,一个POD是数据库。三个包含容器的POD各自独立运行。
    • replicationController 是对于POD的抽象组合,用于解决POD的伸缩问题。一般情况下,rc能够保持部分POD失效时自动维持可用POD数量的机制。
    • service 是对一些列POD以及访问这些POD的策略的一层抽象。service 通过label找到POD组,对外提供访问端口。
    • label POD中的label就是一个键值对,用来传递用户自定义的属性。简单说就是用来标记的,而且可以使用选择器选择特定的POD。
    • deployment 是对于RC的升级,提供了一种更加简单有效更新POD和RC的机制。通过yml文件中描述的期望的集群状态,deployment会将现在的集群状态在可控的速度下逐步更新成所期望的状态。集成了上线部署、滚动升级、创建副本、暂停上线任务,恢复上线任务,回滚到以前某一版本(成功/稳定)的Deployment等功能,在某种程度上,Deployment可以实现无人值守的上线,大大降低上线过程的复杂沟通、操作风险。
    • node 所有的服务都运行在node上,是一切服务的基础,就像虚拟机的宿主机。

    安装配置

    版本

    • OS:CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 3.10.0-514.16.1.el7.x86_64
    • Kubernetes 1.5.2
    • Docker 1.12.6(使用yum安装)
    • Etcd 3.1.5
    • Flannel 0.7.1 vxlan或者host-gw 网络
    • TLS 认证通信 (所有组件,如 etcd、kubernetes master 和 node)
    • kubedns、dashboard、heapster(influxdb、grafana)、EFK(elasticsearch、fluentd、kibana) 集群插件

    环境准备

    关闭防火墙

    systemctl disable iptables-services firewalld
    systemctl stop iptables-services firewalld
    

    主机名

    hosts

    centos-master = 10.10.30.102
    centos-minion-1 = 10.10.30.102
    centos-minion-2 = 10.10.30.103
    centos-minion-3 = 10.10.30.104
    

    配置主机名,如果没有的话

    echo "10.10.30.102    centos-master
    10.10.30.102    centos-minion-1
    10.10.30.103  centos-minion-2
    10.10.30.104  centos-minion-3" >> /etc/hosts
    

    yum 源

    vim /etc/yum.repos.d/virt7-docker-common-release.repo

    [virt7-docker-common-release]
    name=virt7-docker-common-release
    baseurl=http://cbs.centos.org/repos/virt7-docker-common-release/x86_64/os/
    gpgcheck=0
    

    安装

    yum -y install --enablerepo=virt7-docker-common-release kubernetes etcd flannel
    
    

    版本

    [root@localhost ~]# docker version
    Client:
     Version:         1.12.6
     API version:     1.24
     Package version: docker-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64
     Go version:      go1.8.3
     Git commit:      ec8512b/1.12.6
     Built:           Mon Dec 11 16:08:42 2017
     OS/Arch:         linux/amd64
    
    Server:
     Version:         1.12.6
     API version:     1.24
     Package version: docker-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64
     Go version:      go1.8.3
     Git commit:      ec8512b/1.12.6
     Built:           Mon Dec 11 16:08:42 2017
     OS/Arch:         linux/amd64
    

    配置文件

    /etc/kubernetes/config

    修改以下内容

    KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
    
    # journal message level, 0 is debug
    KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
    
    # Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
    KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=false"
    
    # How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
    KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://centos-master:8080"
    KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS=”–etcd_servers=http://centos-master:4001″
    

    主节点配置

    /etc/kubernetes/apiserver

    ###
    # kubernetes system config
    #
    # The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
    #
    
    # The address on the local server to listen to.
    KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
    
    # The port on the local server to listen on.
    KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
    
    # Port minions listen on
    KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
    
    # Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
    KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://centos-master:2379"
    
    # Address range to use for services
    KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
    
    # default admission control policies
    #KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"
    
    # Add your own!
    KUBE_API_ARGS=""
    

    /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

    # [member]
    ETCD_NAME=default
    ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
    ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
    
    #[cluster]
    ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
    

    配置etcd

    systemctl start etcd
    etcdctl mkdir /kube-centos/network
    etcdctl mk /kube-centos/network/config "{ \"Network\": \"172.30.0.0/16\", \"SubnetLen\": 24, \"Backend\": { \"Type\": \"vxlan\" } }"
    

    启动服务

    for SERVICES in etcd kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler; do
    systemctl restart $SERVICES
    systemctl enable $SERVICES
    systemctl status $SERVICES
    done
    

    节点配置

    /etc/kubernetes/kubelet

    node 增加

    # The address for the info server to serve on
    KUBELET_ADDRESS=”–address=0.0.0.0″
    
    # The port for the info server to serve on
    KUBELET_PORT=”–port=10250″
    
    # You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname
    KUBELET_HOSTNAME=”–hostname_override=centos-minion”
    
    # Add your own!
    KUBELET_ARGS=””
    

    启动节点服务

    for SERVICES in kube-proxy kubelet docker; do
    systemctl restart $SERVICES
    systemctl enable $SERVICES
    systemctl status $SERVICES
    done
    

    Configure kubectl

    kubectl config set-cluster default-cluster --server=http://centos-master:8080
    kubectl config set-context default-context --cluster=default-cluster --user=default-admin
    kubectl config use-context default-context
    

    检查状态

    $ kubectl get nodes
    NAME LABELS STATUS
    centos-minion <none> Ready
    

    更多参考:
    Kubernetes + Dashboard + Heapster (一) 安装配置
    Kubernetes + Dashboard + Heapster (二) 监控部署
    Kubernetes + Dashboard + Heapster (三) ingress负载均衡
    Kubernetes + Dashboard + Heapster (四) 慢慢填坑

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