| Just this past week I read a new book called Cynical Theories: How Activist Scholarship Made Everything about Race, Gender, and Identity—and Why This Harms Everybody.3 It’s by two scholars who are not Christians, and they demonstrate how destructive critical theory is. |
刚刚过去的一周，我读了一本新书，叫《犬儒理论：激进主义学术如何制造了关于种族、性别和身份的一切—以及为什么这会伤害到所有人》。这是两个非基督徒学者写的，他们论证了批判理论所带来的破坏。 |
| More and more people in our culture are imbibing and embracing the worldview. And critical theory at its heart opposes and mocks historic Christianity. (If you want to learn more about critical theory and how to evaluate it, I highly recommend that you check out work by Neil Shenvi at ShenviApologetics.com.) |
在我们的文化中，越来越多的人在接受这种世界观的熏陶。而批判理论的核心是反对和嘲讽历史性的基督教。如果你想了解更多关于批判理论以及如何评估它，我强烈推荐你去看看Neil Shenvi在ShenviApologetics.com上的文章）。 |
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| Now our text is 1 Peter 4:1–6. This passage is God’s gracious gift to us to help us be ready when non-Christians shame us for our Christian beliefs and behavior. Let’s start by tracing Peter’s argument: |
现在我们的经文是彼得前书4:1-6。这段经文是神给我们的恩典礼物，帮助我们在非基督徒因我们的基督教信仰和行为而羞辱我们时做好准备。我们先来追溯一下彼得的论证。 |
| 1 Peter 4:1-6 |
彼得前书4:1-6 |
| 1 Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, 2 so as to live for the rest of the time in the flesh no longer for human passions but for the will of God. 3 For the time that is past suffices for doing what the Gentiles want to do, living in sensuality, passions, drunkenness, orgies, drinking parties, and lawless idolatry. 4 With respect to this they are surprised when you do not join them in the same flood of debauchery, and they malign you; 5 but they will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. 6 For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does. |
1 基督既然在肉身受过苦，你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己（因为在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了）2 好叫你们不再随从人的私慾，只顺从 神的旨意，在世上度余下的光阴。3 因为你们过去随从教外人的心意，行邪淫、私慾、醉酒、荒宴、狂饮和可憎拜偶像的事，时候已经够了。4 他们见你们不再与他们同奔那纵情放荡的路，就觉得奇怪，毁谤你们。5 他们必要向那位预备要审判活人死人的主交帐。6 因此，那些死人也曾有福音传给他们，好使他们的肉体受了人要受的审判，他们的灵却靠 神活着。 |
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| The main idea of 1 Peter 4:1–6 is in the opening sentence: “arm yourselves with the same way of thinking.” I plan to show you in a moment that Peter is referring to Christ’s way of thinking about suffering. |
彼得前书4章1-6节的主旨就在开头一句话中：“你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己。”我打算一会儿告诉你，彼得指的是基督对待苦难的思考方式。 |
| This is the main idea of the paragraph: Arm yourselves with Christ’s way of thinking about suffering. |
这是本段的主旨：用基督对待苦难的心志来装备自己。 |
| That’s an odd way of speaking, isn’t it? How do you arm yourself with a way of thinking? To arm yourself means to supply yourself with weapons. You do that when you are preparing to fight an enemy—either defensively or offensively. When you arm yourself, you are preparing for a battle. |
这种说话方式很奇怪，不是吗？如何用思维方式来武装自己？武装自己就是给自己配备武器。当你准备与敌人作战时—无论是防御性的还是进攻性的，你都会这样做。当你武装自己的时候，你就是在为战斗做准备。 |
| If you follow Christ, you must arm yourself with Christ’s way of thinking about suffering. That means you must prepare to suffer. A soldier must prepare for battle by arming himself with weapons, and a Christian must prepare for suffering by arming himself with Christ’s mindset about suffering. |
如果你跟随基督，就必须用基督对待苦难的思考方式来武装自己。这就意味着你必须做好受苦的准备。士兵必须用武器武装自己来准备战斗，基督徒必须用基督对待苦难的心态来武装自己以准备受苦。 |
| So I’d like to preach to you on this subject: Arm yourselves with Christ’s mindset about suffering. |
所以我今天的讲道就是这个主题：用基督对待苦难的心态来武装自己。 |
| I’ll proceed in five parts. I’ll ask and answer five questions as we trace the argument in this paragraph. Let’s start with a question about verse 1: |
我将分五部分进行。在我们追溯本段论证的过程中，我将提出并回答五个问题。我们先问一个关于第1节的问题。 |
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| Question 1. Why should you arm yourselves with Christ’s mindset about suffering? (1 Peter 4:1) |
问题1.为什么你们要用基督对待苦难的心态来武装自己？（彼得前书4:1） |
| Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, |
基督既然在肉身受过苦， |
| arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, |
你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己 |
| for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, |
因为在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了 |
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| Peter gives two reasons you should arm yourselves with Christ’s mindset about suffering: (1) “Christ suffered in the flesh” and (2) “whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin” (4:1). |
关于你们该用基督对待苦难的心志来武装自己，彼得给出了两个理由：(1) “基督在肉身受过苦”和(2)“在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了”(4:1)。 |
| Reason 1: Because Christ suffered in the flesh (1 Peter 4:1a). |
理由之一：因为基督在肉身受苦（彼得前书4:1a）。 |
| God commands us, “Arm yourselves with the same way of thinking” (4:1b)—that is, Christ’s way of thinking about suffering. Why? “Since … Christ suffered in the flesh” (4:1a). |
神命令我们：“你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己”（4:1b）—也就是基督对待苦难的思考方式。为什么？“基督既然在肉身受过苦”（4:1a）。 |
| We follow Christ, who taught, “A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a servant above his master” (Matt 10:24; cf. Luke 6:40; John 13:16; 15:20).4 |
我们跟随的基督，曾教导说：“学生不能胜过老师，仆人也不能大过主人”（马太福音10:24；参路加福音6:40；约翰福音13:16; 16:20）。5 |
| “Christ suffered in the flesh” (4:1a)—that is, “in his body” (NIV).6 And we must follow his example. Let’s look at two previous passages in 1 Peter that unpack this for us: |
“基督在肉身受苦”（4:1a）——就是说”在祂的身体上“。7而我们必须跟随祂的榜样。让我们看看彼得前书前面的两段经文，为我们作了解释： |
| Look at 1 Peter 2:21–23. |
请看彼得前书2:21-23 |
| This passage explains Christ’s mindset about suffering that we must imitate: |
这段经文解释了我们所必须效法的基督对待苦难的心志： |
| For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you might follow in his steps. He committed no sin, neither was deceit found in his mouth. When he was reviled, he did not revile in return; when he suffered, he did not threaten, but continued entrusting himself to him who judges justly. (1 Peter 2:21–23) |
你们就是为此蒙召，因基督也为你们受过苦，给你们留下榜样，叫你们跟随他的脚踪行。他从来没有犯过罪，口里也找不到诡诈。他被骂的时候不还嘴，受苦的时候也不说恐吓的话；只把自己交托给那公义的审判者。（彼得前书2:21-23） |
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| When we suffer, we should follow Christ’s example: |
当我们受苦的时候，我们应该效法基督的榜样： |
| 1. “He committed no sin.” We should be committed to loving what God loves and hating what God hates. |
1. “祂从来没有犯过罪”我们应该致力于爱神所爱，恨神所恨。 |
| 2. “Neither was deceit found in his mouth.” We should not try to lie our way out of suffering. |
2. “口里也找不到诡诈”我们不应该试图用谎言来摆脱苦难。 |
| 3. “When he was reviled, he did not revile in return; when he suffered, he did not threaten.” We should not return evil for evil. |
3. “他被骂的时候不还嘴，受苦的时候也不说恐吓的话”我们不应该以恶报恶。 |
| 4. Christ “continued entrusting himself to him who judges justly.” When we suffer, we should trust God because we know that the judge of all the earth will do right. |
4. 基督“只把自己交托给那公义的审判者”当我们受苦的时候，我们应该信靠神，因为我们知道，全地的审判者会伸张正义。 |
| Look at 1 Peter 3:13–22. |
请看彼得前书3:13-22。 |
| These two paragraphs connect most tightly to 1 Peter 4:1: “Christ suffered in the flesh.” Note that the second word in 4:1 is “therefore.” The paragraph we are focusing on (4:1–6) is an inference of the previous two paragraphs (3:13–22). So let’s read 3:13–22: |
这两段经文与彼得前书4:1：“基督在肉身受过苦”联系得最紧密。请注意，英文翻译中4:1的第二个词是“因此”。我们所关注的这一段（4:1-6）是由前面两段（3:13-22）推论而来。所以让我们来读3:13-22： |
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| Now who is there to harm you if you are zealous for what is good? But even if you should suffer for righteousness’ sake, you will be blessed. Have no fear of them, nor be troubled, but in your hearts honor Christ the Lord as holy, always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness and respect, having a good conscience, so that, when you are slandered, those who revile your good behavior in Christ may be put to shame. For it is better to suffer for doing good, if that should be God’s will, than for doing evil. (1 Peter 3:13-17) |
如果你们热心行善，有谁能害你们呢？就算你们要为义受苦，也是有福的。不要怕人的恐吓，也不要畏惧。只要心里尊基督为圣，以他为主；常常作好准备，去回答那些问你们为甚么怀有盼望的人，但要用温柔敬畏的心回答。当存无愧的良心，使那些诬赖你们这在基督里有好品行的人，在毁谤你们的事上蒙羞。如果 神的旨意是要你们受苦，那么为行善受苦，总比为行恶受苦好。（彼得前书3:13-17） |
| For Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit, in which he went and proclaimed to the spirits in prison, because they formerly did not obey, when God’s patience waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was being prepared, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were brought safely through water. Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, who has gone into heaven and is at the right hand of God, with angels, authorities, and powers having been subjected to him. (1 Peter 3:18–22) |
因为基督也曾一次为你们的罪死了，就是义的代替不义的，为要领你们到 神面前。就肉体的方面说，他曾死去；就灵的方面说，他复活了；他藉这灵也曾去向那些在监管中的灵宣讲，他们就是挪亚建造方舟的日子、神容忍等待的时候，那些不顺从的人。当时进入方舟、藉着水得救的人不多，只有八个。这水预表的洗礼，现在也拯救你们：不是除去肉体的污秽，而是藉着耶稣基督的复活，向 神许愿常存纯洁的良心。基督已进到天上，在 神右边，众天使、有权势的、有能力的，都服从了他。（彼得前书3:18-22） |
| Note especially 3:18: “Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit.” In 3:18–22, Christ’s suffering (i.e., dying in the place of sinners) is how he paid for our sins, and it led to his resurrection and going into heaven at God’s right hand (3:21–22). Suffering leads to glory. |
请尤其注意3:18：“基督也曾一次为你们的罪死了，就是义的代替不义的，为要领你们到 神面前。就肉体的方面说，他曾死去；就灵的方面说，他复活了。”在3:18-22中，基督的苦难（即代替罪人死去）就是祂为我们的罪付出代价的方式，而祂的死又带来祂的复活，并升天坐在神的右边（3:21-22）。苦难带来荣耀。 |
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| “Therefore” (4:1)—“since … Christ suffered in the flesh” and since he has the mindset that suffering leads to glory, we must arm ourselves with that same way of thinking. We must have Christ’s mindset about suffering. We must prepare to suffer and know that suffering leads to glory. |
“所以”(4:1)—“既然......基督在肉身中受苦”，既然祂有苦难通向荣耀的心志，我们就必须用同样的思维方式来武装自己。我们必须有基督的心志来对待苦难。我们必须做好受苦的准备，知道苦难会带来荣耀。 |
| So why should you arm yourselves with Christ’s mindset that suffering leads to glory? Reason 1: Because Christ suffered in the flesh. |
所以，你们为什么要用基督的心志来武装自己，即苦难通向荣耀呢？原因之一：因为基督在肉身中受苦。 |
| Reason 2: Because whoever has died to sin has ceased from participating in the sins that characterize non-Christians (1 Peter 4:1c). |
理由之二：因为凡向罪死了的人，就不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪了（彼得前书4:1c）。 |
| “Arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin” (4:1c). Is Peter teaching that believers no longer sin at all? No, the Bible says, “If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us” (1 John 1:10), and “We all stumble in many ways” (James 3:2a). Here Peter means that believers have made a decisive break with sin—as the rest of this sentence clarifies in verse 2: believers no longer live for human passions but for God’s will. That’s what “has ceased from sin” means. In other words, a believer has ceased from participating in the sinful activities that characterize non-Christian Gentiles. |
“你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己，因为在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了”（4:1c）。彼得是否在教导信徒再也不会犯罪？不，圣经说：“我们若说自己没有犯过罪，就是把 神当作说谎的，他的道就不在我们心里了。”（约翰一书1:10）以及“我们在许多的事上都有过错”（雅各书3:2a）。在这里，彼得的意思是说，信徒已经与罪做了决定性的决裂—正如这句话的其余部分在第2节中所阐明的那样：信徒不再为人的私欲而活，而是为神的旨意而活。这就是“已经与罪断绝”的意思。换句话说，信徒已经不再参与教外人非基督徒所特有的罪恶活动。 |
| That’s one of the purposes Jesus died for us, as Peter explains earlier in the letter, “He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness” (2:24). |
这也是耶稣为我们而死的目的之一，正如彼得在前面的信中所解释的那样，“他在木头上亲身担当了我们的罪，使我们既然不活在罪中，就可以为义而活”（2:24）。 |
| What does Peter mean by “whoever has suffered in the flesh” (4:1)? It’s possible that Peter means whoever is committed to suffering—the kind of suffering he refers to in 4:4: “they malign you.”8 And it is true that a believer should be committed to endure any suffering that may come from ceasing from participating in the sins that characterize non-Christians. That’s part of what it means to follow Christ. But I’m not sure how to justify interpreting “whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin” as whoever has committed to suffering demonstrates that the power of sin is broken in their life. |
彼得所说的“在肉身受过苦的”（4:1）是什么意思？有可能彼得的意思是指那些立志受苦的人—他在4:4中提到的那种苦难：“毁谤你们”。9诚然，一个信徒应该立志于忍受因停止参与非基督徒所特有的罪而可能带来的任何痛苦。这也是跟随基督的意义之一。但我不确定如何合理地把“在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了”，解释为：凡立志受苦的，就表明罪的权势在他们的生命中被打破了。 |
| It seems more likely to me that to suffer in the flesh means to die. |
在我看来，在肉身受苦更有可能意味着死亡。 |
| 1 Peter 4:1 |
彼得前书4:1 |
| Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, |
基督既然在肉身受过苦，你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己（因为在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了ﺀ |
|
| 1 Peter 3:18 |
彼得前书3:18 |
| For Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit, |
因为基督也曾一次为你们的罪死了，就是义的代替不义的，为要领你们到 神面前。就肉体的方面说，他曾死去；就灵的方面说，他复活了； |
| The sentence in 4:1 begins with the phrase “Christ suffered in the flesh.” That means that Christ died. Compare 3:18: “Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit.” When Christ suffered in the flesh, he died; when we suffered in the flesh, we died. |
4:1的句子以“基督在肉身受苦”开头。意思就是基督死了。请比较3:18：“基督也曾一次为你们的罪死了，就是义的代替不义的，为要领你们到 神面前。就肉体的方面说，他曾死去；就灵的方面说，他复活了。”当基督在肉身受苦时，祂就死了；同样，当我们在肉身受苦时，我们就死了。 |
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| But in what sense did we die? |
但我们是在什么意义上死的呢？ |
| Again see 2:24: “He [i.e., Christ] himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness” (2:24). This seems to parallel Rom 6:6–7: “We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin. For one who has died has been set free from sin.” That sounds like “whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin” (1 Pet 4:1). |
再看彼得前书2:24：“他[即，基督]在木头上亲身担当了我们的罪，使我们既然不活在罪中，就可以为义而活”（2:24）。这意思似乎与罗6:6-7平行：“我们知道，我们的旧人已经与基督同钉十字架，使罪身丧失机能，使我们不再作罪的奴仆， 因为死了的人已经脱离罪了。”这听起来就像是“在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了”（彼前4:1）。 |
| Question 2. For what purpose has a believer ceased from participating in the sins that characterize non-Christians? (1 Peter 4:2) |
问题2.信徒为了什么目的而不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪呢？(彼得前书4:2) |
| The next phrase is a purpose statement: “so as to live [i.e., in order that you would live, for the purpose that you would live] for the rest of the time in flesh [i.e., for the rest of your life in your body until you die—all of your life as a Christian from the moment of your conversion until your death] no longer for human passions but for the will of God” (4:2) |
紧接着就是目的陈述：“好叫[即，为要，为了这个目的]你们不再随从人的私慾，只顺从 神的旨意，在世上度余下的光阴[从你信主成为基督徒的那一刻到你死的那一刻，整个一生]。”（4:2） |
| So for what purpose has a believer ceased from participating in the sins that characterize non-Christians? In order to live for the rest of your life no longer for sinful human passions but for God’s will (4:2). |
那么，信徒出于什么目的不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪呢？为了使你的余生不再为人的罪性私欲而活，而是为神的旨意而活（4:2）。 |
| Question 3. Why is a believer committed to live no longer for sinful human passions but for God’s will? (1 Peter 4:3) |
问题3.为什么信徒立志不再为人的罪性私欲而活，而是为神的旨意而活？(彼得前书4:3) |
| 1 Peter 4:3 |
彼得前书4:3 |
| For the time that is past suffices for doing what the Gentiles want to do, |
因为你们过去随从教外人的心意， |
| living in |
行 |
| 1. sensuality, |
1. 邪淫、 |
| 2. passions, |
2. 私欲、 |
| 3. drunkenness, |
3. 醉酒、 |
| 4. orgies, |
4. 荒宴、 |
| 5. drinking parties, |
5. 狂饮 |
| 6. and lawless idolatry. |
6. 和可憎拜偶像的事。 |
|
| The sentence in verse 3 explains verse 2: non-Christians live for sinful human passions. Verse 3 begins with “For” to indicate that what follows explains the previous purpose statement: “the time that is past suffices for doing what the Gentiles want to do.” In other words, “you have spent enough time in the past doing what pagans choose to do” (NIV). |
第3节解释了第2节：非基督徒为人的罪性私欲而活。第3节以“因为”开头，表示下面的内容是解释前面的目的陈述。“过去随从教外人的心意……时候已经够了”。换句话说，“你们过去已经花了足够多的时间做教外人选择做的事”（NIV）。 |
| What activities is Paul referring to? He gets specific with a vice list—a list of six sins: |
彼得指的是什么事？他具体地列出了一个恶习清单—六宗罪的清单： |
| 1. “Sensuality” [ἀσελγείαις] translates a word that means “lack of self-constraint which involves one in conduct that violates all bounds of what is socially acceptable, self-abandonment … live licentiously (BDAG)—hence, “carrying on in unrestrained behavior” (CSB). |
1. [ἀσελγείαις]翻译成“邪淫”，意思是“缺乏自我约束，这涉及到一个人的行为违反了社会可接受的界限，自我放纵......放荡地生活”（希腊文大词典BDAG）—因此，有的译成“无节制的胡作非为”（基督教标准圣经CSB）。 |
| 2. “Passions” [ἐπιθυμίαις] translates a word that means “a desire for something forbidden or simply inordinate, craving, lust (BDAG)—hence, “evil desires” (CSB, NET). |
2. [ἐπιθυμίαις]译为“私欲”，意思是“对某种被禁止的东西的欲望，或者干脆就是无节制的渴求和欲望”（希腊文大词典BDAG）—因此，有的译为“恶欲”（和合本、基督教标准圣经CSB、新英译本NET）。 |
| 3. “Drunkenness” [οἰνοφλυγίαις]—to be drunk is to be “affected by alcohol to the extent of losing control of one’s faculties or behavior” (New Oxford American Dictionary). |
3.[οἰνοφλυγίαις]—“醉酒”是指“受酒精影响，以至于失去对自己能力或行为的控制”（《新牛津美国词典》）。 |
| 4. “Orgies” [κώμοις] translates a word that means “excessive feasting” (BDAG)—hence, “carousing” (NASB, NET). |
4. [κώμοις]翻译成“荒宴”，意思是“过度的宴乐”（希腊文大词典BDAG）—因此，有的译作“狂欢作乐”（新美国标准版NASB，新英译本NET）。 |
| 5. “Drinking parties” [πότοις] translates a word that refers to “a social gathering at which wine was served” (BDAG). This does not mean that it is inherently sinful to serve wine at a social gathering—otherwise Jesus himself would be guilty of this since he miraculously turned water into fine wine at a wedding party! But in the context of a vice list like this, “drinking parties” is associated with immorality and drunkenness—“carousing” (NIV, CSB) or “wild and frenzied drinking bouts” (NET note). |
5.[πότοις]翻译成“狂饮”，指的是“提供酒类的社交聚会”（希腊文大词典BDAG），因此，有的译作“群饮”（和合本）。这并不意味着在社交聚会上提供酒类是有罪的—否则，耶稣自己也会有罪，因为祂在婚礼上行奇迹把水变成了美酒。但在这样的恶习清单中，“饮酒聚会”与不道德及醉酒有关—“狂欢”（新国际版圣经NIV，基督教标准圣经CSB）或“狂野而疯狂的斗酒”（新英译本NET注）。 |
| 6. “Lawless idolatry” [ἀθεμίτοις εἰδωλολατρίαις] translates a phrase that means “commit unlawful deeds connected with polytheistic worship” (BDAG). |
6. [ἀθεμίτοις εἰδωλολατρίαις]译为“可憎拜偶像的事”，意思是“犯与多神崇拜有关的非法而可憎的行为”（希腊文大词典BDAG）。 |
| Not much has changed in two thousand years across various cultures—one way that people sin together in groups is at parties with alcohol and immoral sex. And a believer is committed to live no longer for such sinful human passions but for God’s will. |
两千年来，在各种文化中并没有太大的变化—人们集体犯罪的方式之一就是发生在有酒精和不道德性行为的聚会上。而信徒要立志不再为人类这种罪恶的情欲而活，而是为神的旨意而活。 |
| Question 4. How might non-Christians respond when a believer ceases from participating in sins that characterize non-Christians? (1 Peter 4:4) |
问题4.当信徒不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪时，非基督徒会如何反应？(彼得前书4:4) |
| 1 Peter 4:4 |
彼得前书4:4 |
| With respect to this they are surprised when you do not join them in the same flood of debauchery, and they malign you; |
他们见你们不再与他们同奔那纵情放荡的路，就觉得奇怪，毁谤你们。 |
|
| Remember that Peter is writing this letter to first-generation Gentile Christians. They are recent converts. So their non-Christian family and friends and neighbors and coworkers and acquaintances may notice their new lifestyle. These Christians no longer live in sensuality and passions and drunkenness and orgies and drinking parties and lawless idolatry. |
记住，彼得这封信是写给第一代外邦人基督徒的。他们是新近才信主的。所以他们的非基督徒亲友、邻居、同事和熟人可能会注意到他们新的生活方式。这些基督徒不再生活在邪淫、私欲、醉酒、荒宴、狂饮和可憎拜偶像的事中。 |
| When non-Christians see that you no longer “join them in the same flood of debauchery,” “they are surprised” (1 Pet 4:4). And as a result of their astonishment, “they malign you” (4:4): |
当非基督徒看到你不再“与他们同奔那纵情放荡的路”时，“就觉得奇怪”（彼前4:4）。由于他们的惊讶，他们“毁谤你们”（4:4）。 |
| • “They slander you” (CSB, NLT). |
“他们诋毁你们”（基督教标准圣经CSB，新生活版译本NLT）。 |
| • “They heap abuse on you” (NIV). |
“他们肆意谩骂你们”（新国际版本NIV）。 |
| • “They vilify you” (NET). |
“他们污蔑你们”（新英译本NET）。 |
| They shame you. They insult you. They mock you. They try to make you feel like you’re on the wrong side of history. They try to pressure you to join them and to affirm their debauchery. |
他们羞辱你们。他们侮辱你们。他们嘲弄你们。他们试图让你们觉得自己站在了历史错误的一边。他们试图向你们施压，让你们加入他们，认同他们的放荡行为。 |
| Christians experience persecution on a spectrum. On the worst side of the spectrum is when non-Christians imprison you, physically beat you, torture you, or kill you. But that is not the only kind of persecution. A milder form of persecution is when non-Christians mock you and discriminate against you and socially ostracize you. That is the kind of persecution Peter is talking about here, and that is probably the kind of persecution that Christians in our cultural context are most likely to experience. |
基督徒经历的逼迫是多方面的。最糟糕的一面是，非基督徒囚禁你们，殴打你们，折磨你们，或杀死你们。但这不是唯一的一种迫害。一种较温和的迫害形式是，非基督徒嘲笑你们，歧视你们，在社会上排挤你们。这就是彼得在这里所说的逼迫，也可能是我们文化背景下的基督徒最有可能经历的逼迫。 |
| As I prepared this sermon, I solicited illustrations from some Bethlehem members. I tried to find some recent real-life examples from people at our North Campus. I asked them, “What are some examples of enduring persecution in your secular context—the sort of persecution Peter has in mind in this passage?” Here are three stories from fellow brothers and sisters at the North Campus: |
在准备这篇讲道时，我向一些伯利恒教会成员征集了例证。我试着找了一些我们北堂的人最近所经历的真实案例。我问他们：“在你们的世俗环境中，有哪些忍受逼迫的例子—彼得在这段经文中所提到的那种逼迫？”以下是北堂弟兄姐妹们的三个故事： |
| Story 1. Asher |
故事1.亚瑟 |
| Here’s a story from Asher [Compton], a 13-year-old young man who attends the North Campus with his family: |
这是亚瑟[康普顿]的故事，他是一个13岁的年轻人，平常和家人一起参加北堂的敬拜。 |
| Although I don’t get maligned by others for not joining them in sin, I feel the pressure to join them so I don’t look weird. I remember a couple years ago in 6th grade, there were kids at my lunch table who conversed about inappropriate things and used bad words. I think I was and am mostly silent during lunchtime conversations at school because people at public schools consistently engage each other in conversations that I don’t find honoring to God. They would make weird, perverted jokes sometimes and gossip about others. Just their doing that so unburdened by their consciences tempts you to be the same way. To let go of the conscience and join in sin for the pleasure of it can sound intriguing. And when you don’t do it, kids will notice and think you’re strange. Sometimes kids won’t say something inappropriate around me (which is good), calling me pure-minded or something like that. But then that still makes you feel like an outcast. So, overall, I feel like the way unbelievers have pressured me is by making me an outsider, and I’ve never felt like I totally fit in with the popular group at school. I’m always different. |
虽然我不会因为没有加入他们的罪恶而被别人恶意攻击，但我觉得有压力，要加入他们，这样我才不会显得怪异。记得几年前我读六年级的时候，我的午餐桌上有一些孩子，他们谈着不雅的事情，使用了不好的词语。我想我过去和现在在学校的午餐谈话时大多保持沉默，因为公立学校的人总是在交谈，而我觉得这些谈话并不荣耀神。他们有时会开一些古怪变态的玩笑，也会说别人的闲话。他们只是这样做，诱惑着你，而他们的良心毫无负担。放弃良心，加入到有罪的行列中去，以获得快感，这听起来好像很引人入胜。而当你不做的时候，这些孩子们会注意到你，觉得你很怪。有时孩子们不会在我身边说一些不恰当的话（这很好），而是说我心思单纯之类的话。但这样一来，你还是会觉得自己是个被抛弃的人。所以，总的来说，我觉得不信教的人给我的压力就是让我成为一个局外人，我从来没有觉得自己完全融入学校的主流群体。我总是格格不入。 |
| Story 2. Hannah |
故事2.汉娜 |
| Here’s a story from Hannah [Barrett], a lady in my small group who works for a large non-profit in the Twin Cities as an occupational therapist. She works with kids with disabilities, primarily autism and PTSD. Hannah says, |
这里是汉娜[巴雷特]的故事，她是我的小组中的一位女士，她在双子城的一家大型非营利机构担任职业治疗师。她的工作对象是特殊儿童，主要是自闭症和创伤后应激障碍。汉娜说： |
| By God’s grace, at this point in time, “persecution” would be in the form of being left out of social events or conversations. While there has been pressure (especially in the past 6 months) to celebrate LGBTQ+, promote a redefinition of gender, embrace recent Supreme Court decisions, etc., I have not yet been asked to act contrary to my beliefs. I have also not been asked to celebrate or embrace these beliefs, in large part due to Coronavirus and working from home since March. |
因着神的恩典，在这个时候，“逼迫”会以被排除在社交活动或谈话之外的形式出现。虽然我（特别是在过去的6个月里）对于庆祝LGBTQ+（非异性恋群体），促进对性别的重新定义，接受最高法院最近的决定等等感觉有压力，但我还没有被要求采取与我的信仰相背的行动。我也没有被要求庆祝或接受这些信念，很大程度上是由于冠状病毒和自从3月份以来在家工作。 |
| Three examples: |
三个例子： |
| 1. We received an email from the VP of Fraser following the Supreme Court’s decisions on sex identity, DAYCA, and the ordinance not requiring admitting privileges to doctors performing abortions. In the email, the VP “applauded the supreme court for affirming values of inclusion and respect that align with the core values and mission of Fraser.” The email did not call us to action but did say that “additional steps for action and policy changes” would be in the works. |
1. 在最高法院就性别认同、童年入境暂缓遣返(DACA)和不要求医生有堕胎特权的法令作出裁定后，我们收到了弗雷泽副院长的电子邮件。在邮件中，副总裁“赞扬最高法院肯定了包容和尊重的价值观，这与弗雷泽的核心价值观和使命是一致的”。这封邮件并没有号召我们采取行动，但确实说“进一步的行动和政策调整”将在酝酿之中。 |
| 2. For our documentation, there has been pressure to consistently use gender neutral pronouns for our notes. This has not yet become a policy, but a strong suggestion. For my documentation, I typically will use client names and often still do use gender-specific pronouns. |
2. 就我们的档案记录而言，一直有压力要求我们在档案记录中使用不分性别的代词。这还没有成为一项政策，而是一个强烈的建议。在我的文档中，我通常会使用客户的名字，并且经常还是会使用特定性别的代词。 |
| 3. Our team lead and one of the speech therapists that I work most closely with (in addition to multiple others on our team) are in same-sex relationships and fully embrace gender fluidity, etc. When we were still in clinic, I remember a conversation with my coworker [Dan] who was so excited about a project he had been a part of that looked at the development of a different type of language/expression used by gay men. I didn’t outright disagree with what he was saying, but I did ask lots of questions to try to understand rather than instantly affirming the results of the study, etc. |
3. 我们的团队负责人和与我合作最密切的一位语言治疗师（此外，我们团队中还有其他多位语言治疗师）都是同性恋关系，完全接受性别的流动性等。当我们还在诊所时，我记得与我的同事[丹]的谈话，他对他参与的一个项目非常兴奋，该项目研发供男同性恋者使用的不同类型的语言/表达方式。我并没有完全不同意他的说法，但我也问了很多问题试图理解，而不是立即肯定其研究结果等。 |
| Most of these things have occurred while our team has been separated/doing telehealth, so I have not initiated email conversations voicing my concerns or disagreements. However, in my silence and lack of affirmation, I have been left off of multiple boards/projects at Fraser. Because I did not redefine “respect and inclusion” to encompass “gender identity,” I was not welcomed on the council/team working to support families from low socio-economic status and/or with significant cultural barriers impacting if they can receive services. Because I have not affirmed co-workers in their conversations and convictions regarding LGBTQ+, the “persistent cultural presence of gender fluidity across time,” pro-choice movements and the rights of women to decide, I have been left off of the invitation for social gatherings, lunch conversations, and after-hours events. However, from the logical flow of how quickly [the organization] has affirmed lawless idolatry, I anticipate this may change once we return to in-center services or shortly thereafter. |
这些事情大多发生在我们团队已经分开/做远程医疗的时候，所以我没有发起邮件对话表达我的担忧或异议。然而，在我的沉默和没有积极肯定的情况下，我已经被排除弗雷泽的多个董事会/项目之外。由于我没有将“尊重和包容”重新定义为包括“性别认同”，我在理事会/团队中不受欢迎，因为我的工作是支持社会经济地位低下和（或）有严重文化障碍而影响到他们能否接受服务的家庭。由于我没有在同事们关于LGBTQ+、“性别流动性在不同历史时期文化中的持续存在”、支持选择运动和妇女决定权的对话和信念中给予肯定，我被排除在社交聚会、午餐谈话和下班后活动的邀请之外。然而，从[组织]如何迅速肯定可憎的偶像崇拜的逻辑流程来看，我预计一旦我们回归中心内服务或不久之后，这种情况可能会改变。 |
| Story 3. Mr. S |
故事3.S先生 |
| Here’s a story from a North Campus member I’ll call Mr. S [Sonny Miller]. He is a lawyer at a prestigious law firm headquartered in Minneapolis: |
这是一个北堂成员的故事，我叫他S先生[桑尼·米勒]。他是一家总部位于明尼阿波利斯的著名律师事务所的律师。 |
| The word “drunkenness” certainly sticks out to me. I come from a family with a history of difficulty with alcohol. Accordingly, I have always steered far clear. As a lawyer at a larger firm, alcohol has been ever present at parties or gatherings from my first day clerking at the firm. As a young associate, I remember attending gatherings where the only beverage options were alcoholic. Over the years, I have been successful in reminding the firm to always include non-alcoholic choices. However, there are clients and lawyers at the firm to whom a night out on the town is the standard for client entertainment. Thankfully, I am known as somewhat of a stick in the mud, so I am not invited on most of these gatherings, but it has reduced my involvement in certain client matters and in getting assignments or being offered the opportunity to co-partner on files with some other lawyers. |
“醉酒”这个词对我来说肯定是印象深刻的。我来自一个有酗酒史的家庭。因此，我一直都滴酒不沾。作为一家较大律所的律师，从我到律所做文员的第一天起，酒就一直出现在聚会或集会上。作为一个年轻的律师，我记得参加聚会时，唯一的饮品选项就是酒。多年来，我一直成功地提醒律所提供非酒类的饮品。然而，事务所的一些客户和律师认为，在城里过夜是客户娱乐的标准。值得庆幸的是，众所周知，我是个老古板，所以我没有被邀请参加大多数的此类聚会，但这减少了我对某些客户事务的参与，也减少了我获得任务或有机会与其他一些律师共同合作处理文件的机会。 |
| Also, my firm actively supports LGBTQ+ lifestyles. I am not in firm management and thus have not had to wrestle with the appropriate policies. While my views are known (as well as my affiliation with Bethlehem), I have always made it my goal to engage personally with individuals struggling with this particular sin, which has actually led to very encouraging conversations at work over the years with various individuals (including the ability to share what our church believes). I also believe in treating all individuals with compassion and concern, and I am willing to work with anyone regardless of their orientation. This has not been the challenge to date for me that it may be for some in other work environments. I have not been made to sign pledges, donate money, or participate in marches for topics that I do not agree with. |
另外，我所在的律所积极支持LGBTQ+的生活方式。我不在管理层，因此不必纠结于有关政策。虽然我的观点是众所周知的（以及我与伯利恒教会的关系），但我一直把亲自与挣扎在这一特殊罪恶中的个人接触作为我的目标，这实际上导致了多年来在工作中与不同的人进行了非常令人鼓舞的对话（包括能够分享我们教会的信仰）。我也相信要以同情和关心的态度对待所有的人，我愿意和任何人一起工作，不管他们的性取向如何。到目前为止，这对我来说并不像其他工作环境中的某些人那样是个挑战。我没有被要求签署承诺书、捐款或参加我所不同意的主题游行。 |
| Thank you to Asher, Hannah, and Mr. S for sharing with us. |
感谢亚瑟、汉娜和S先生的分享。 |
| Bonus Story: Jonathan Isaac |
福利：乔纳森·艾萨克的故事 |
| I told you I would share three stories with you, but I have a bonus story for you about someone who is not part of our church. His name is Jonathan Isaac. |
我刚才告诉你们我会分享三个故事，但我有一个额外的故事给你们作为福利，那是关于一个不在我们教会的人。他名叫乔纳森·艾萨克。 |
| Jonathan Isaac is an unusual 22-year-old. He is an African American who is 6 feet 11 inches tall, and he plays professional basketball in the National Basketball Association (the NBA). For the past six weeks, the NBA has been playing its basketball games in the Orlando bubble—a sports complex at Disney—so that the players aren’t traveling around the country and getting exposed to COVID. And the NBA is loudly promoting the popular Social Justice Movement. The players and coaches display messages like “Black Lives Matter” on their clothing, and the basketball courts themselves says, “Black Lives Matter” in large letters. |
乔纳森-艾萨克是一个不寻常的22岁的年轻人。他是一名非裔美国人，身高6英尺11英寸（相当于2米1），他是美国国家篮球协会（NBA）的职业球员。在过去的六个星期里，NBA一直在奥兰多气泡—迪斯尼的综合体育场—进行篮球比赛，这样球员们就不用在全国各地旅行，也不会暴露在COVID之下。而NBA也在大张旗鼓地推动流行的社会正义运动。球员和教练在衣服上展示“黑命贵”等信息，篮球场本身也用大字写着“黑命贵”。 |
| Jonathan Isaac is also an outspoken Christian. (He became an ordained minister earlier this year.) And at the beginning of August, pictures of Isaac went viral online because before a game he was the only player or coach standing during the national anthem. Nor was he wearing a t-shirt that says, “Black Lives Matter.” He was the only NBA player who did that, and he took a lot of flak for it. What he did took a lot of courage. |
乔纳森-艾萨克也是一位直言不讳的基督徒。(今年早些时候，他成为了一名按立牧师。)而在8月初，艾萨克的照片在网上疯传，因为在一场比赛前，他是唯一一个在国歌期间站立的球员或教练。他也没有穿写着“黑命贵”的T恤。他是唯一一个这样做的NBA球员，他因此受到了很多炮轰。他这样做需要很大的勇气。 |
| After the game, a reporter asked him if he believes that black lives matter. Isaac replied, |
比赛结束后，有记者问他是否相信黑命贵。艾萨克回答说： |
| A lot went into my decision … kneeling or wearing a Black Lives Matter T-shirt don’t go hand-in-hand with supporting black lives…. I do believe that black lives matter, but I just felt like it was a decision that I had to make, and I didn’t feel like putting that shirt on and kneeling went hand-in-hand with supporting black lives. |
我作决定前想了很多......下跪或穿着黑命贵的T恤，并不能与支持黑人的生命携手前进......我确实相信黑人的生命很重要，但我只是觉得这是我必须要做的决定，我不觉得穿上那件衣服跪下来就是在支持黑人的生命。 |
| [He explained that the gospel of Jesus is the only thing that can help people get through] all the things in our world that are messed up. … I think when you look around, racism isn’t the only thing that afflicts our society, that plagues our nation, that plagues our world. I feel like coming together on that message, that we want to get past not only racism but everything that plagues us as a society, I feel like the answer to it is the gospel.10 |
[他解释说，耶稣的福音是唯一可以帮助人们度过]我们世界上所有混乱的事情。.我想，当你环顾四周，种族主义并不是困扰我们社会、困扰我们国家、困扰我们世界的唯一事物。我喜欢我们一起接受这个信息，我们不仅要克服种族主义，而且要克服困扰我们这个社会的一切问题，我觉得答案就是福音。 |
| Of course, Isaac affirms the sentence “black lives matter.” He is a Christian (and he’s also black). And while some Christians thoughtfully use the phrase “black lives matter,” many Christians in our cultural context (including me) cannot use the phrase “black lives matter” in an unqualified way with a clear conscience because it is so tightly associated with an organization (BlackLivesMatter.com) that is evil. It is a movement and agenda that is against the gospel, against the family, and against the way God created men and women to flourish. Rather than saying, “black lives matter,” I’d rather say, “black lives count” or “black people are valuable because they are made in God’s image.” |
当然，艾萨克肯定了“黑人的生命很重要”这句话。他是基督徒（他也是黑人）。而当一些基督徒深思熟虑地使用“黑命贵”这个词时，在我们的文化语境中，许多基督徒（包括我在内）不能昧着良心毫无保留地使用“黑命贵”这个词，因为它与一个邪恶的组织（BlackLivesMatter.com）联系得太紧密了。这是一个反福音、反家庭、反对神创造男人和女人并使之繁荣的运动和议程。与其说“黑命贵”，我宁愿说“黑人的生命很重要”或者“黑人是有价值的，因为他们是按照上帝的形象创造的”。 |
| The social pressure to conform to the organization Black Lives Matter right now is like a tidal wave. I admire Isaac’s courage as a black brother to not to wear a Black Lives Matter t-shirt. Can you guess how people responded to Isaac? Outrage. Ridicule. Shaming. Maligning. Canceled by cancel culture. |
现在的社会压力就像潮水一样，要求人顺应“黑命贵”组织。我很佩服艾萨克作为黑人兄弟的勇气，不穿黑命贵T恤。你能猜到人们对艾萨克的反应吗？愤怒。嘲讽。羞辱。诋毁。被取消文化所取消。 |
| Two days later, Isaac had a terrible accident on the basketball court—a torn ACL. He left the court in a wheel chair. And people on social media piled on with vitriol. They called it “karma.” They were rejoicing that he got injured, basically saying, “It serves that Christian bigot right.”11 That’s an example of non-Christians maligning a Christian. |
两天后，艾萨克在篮球场上发生了一场可怕的事故—膝关节前交叉韧带撕裂。他坐在轮椅上离开球场。而社交媒体上人们用尖刻的语言攻击他。他们称之为“业报”。他们都为他受伤而欢呼，基本上是说：“那个基督教偏执狂得到了应有的报应。”这是非基督徒恶意诋毁基督徒的一个例子。 |
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| [Transition] So how might non-Christians respond when a believer ceases from participating in sins that characterize non-Christians? They may malign you. |
[过渡]那么，当信徒不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪时，非基督徒会如何回应呢？他们可能会诋毁你。 |
| Question 5. How does looking at the bigger picture motive believers about suffering? (1 Peter 4:5–6) |
问题5.看到更大的图景如何激励信徒对待苦难？（彼得前书4:5-6） |
| 1 Peter 4:5-6 |
彼得前书4:5-6 |
| but they will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does. |
他们必要向那位预备要审判活人死人的主交帐。因此，那些死人也曾有福音传给他们，好使他们的肉体受了人要受的审判，他们的灵却靠 神活着。 |
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| The first word of v. 5 is a hinge-word: “But.” That indicates a big contrast. “They malign you; but ….” Peter then presents the bigger picture to motive you to endure suffering: “They malign you; but they [i.e., non-Christians who are maligning Christians now] will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.” |
第5节的第一个词是个连接词：“但是”。这说明了强烈的对比。他们毁谤你们，但是……然后，彼得呈现了一个更大的图景，激励你忍受苦难：“他们毁谤你们，但他们[即现在诽谤基督徒的非基督徒]要向那位预备审判活人死人的主交帐。” |
| Whoa. That’s perspective. God will judge those who malign his people. |
哇！这就是远景。神会审判那些恶意诋毁祂子民的人。 |
| When you look at the bigger picture, how does that motivate you about suffering? Unless non-Christians repent and trust Christ, God will righteously judge them; that encourages and exhorts us to persevere, to endure suffering now in light of the future. Endure suffering by looking at the bigger picture. Sinners will give account to God the righteous judge. |
当你看到大图景的时候，如何激励你面对苦难？除非非基督徒悔改信基督，否则神会公义地审判他们；这鼓励和劝告我们要坚持不懈，要为将来而忍受现在的苦难。看着更大的图景以忍受苦难。罪人要向公义的审判者上帝交代。 |
| The final sentence in verse 6 starts with “For” to indicate that it further explains the previous line: “For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does.” What does that mean?! |
第6节中的最后一句话以”因为“开头，表示进一步解释上一句话。”因此，那些死人也曾有福音传给他们，好使他们的肉体受了人要受的审判，他们的灵却靠 神活着。“那是什么意思？ |
| I think the phrase “this is why” is not pointing backwards but forwards—that is, “this is why … [namely] that ….” In other words, “this is why” is pointing forwards to the phrase that begins with “that”: “For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does.” |
我想”因此“不是回溯，而是前瞻—也就是“这就是为什么……[即]……”换句话说，“因此”是指向“因此，那些死人也曾有福音传给他们，好使他们的肉体受了人要受的审判，他们的灵却靠 神活着。” |
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| What does “the gospel was preached even to those who are dead” mean in 1 Peter 4:6? |
彼得前书4:6中的“那些死人也曾有福音传给他们”是什么意思？ |
| Three views: |
有三种观点： |
| 1. The gospel was preached to unbelievers after they physically died. |
1. 福音是在未信的人肉体死亡后传给他们的。 |
| 2. The gospel was preached to people who were spiritually dead. |
2. 福音是传给那些灵性已死之人的。 |
| 3. The gospel was preached to people who are now physically dead. |
3. 福音是传给现在身体已经死亡的人的。 |
| But what does Peter mean that “the gospel was preached even to those who are dead”? There are three main views: |
彼得说的“那些死人也曾有福音传给他们”是什么意思？有三种观点： |
| 1. The gospel was preached to unbelievers after they physically died. Some connect this with 3:19—Christ “went and proclaimed to the spirits in prison.” Here are four reasons this view does not work:12 |
1. 福音是在未信的人肉体死亡后传给他们的。有人将此与3:19—基督“去向那些在监管中的灵宣讲”联系起来。这个观点行不通有以下四个理由：13 |
| a. 1 Peter 3:19 refers not to Christ’s preaching the gospel to unbelievers but most likely to Christ’s proclaiming that at the cross he triumphed over Satan and his demons. |
a.彼得前书3:19不是指基督向不信的人传福音，而很可能是指基督在十字架上宣告祂战胜了撒旦和魔鬼。 |
| b. The phrase “the gospel was preached” translates a single Greek word [εὐηγγελίσθη] that means “he (or it) was preached as good news.” The word does not specify who did the preaching. There is not a compelling reason to assume that the person doing the preaching was Christ. The most natural way to understand the word is that human preachers proclaimed the good news about Christ. |
b. “传福音”译自一个希腊文单词 [εὐηγγελίσθη] ，意思是“他（或它）被当作好消息传讲。”这句话并没有说明是谁在宣讲。没有一个令人信服的理由来假设传讲的人就是基督。最自然的理解方式是，人类传道人宣讲关于基督的好消息。 |
| c. This view assumes that it is possible for dead people to have a second chance to hear and respond to the gospel, but that contradicts the rest of the Bible—e.g., “it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment” (Heb 9:27). Further, this view assumes that all people will ultimately be saved because the rest of verse 6 says that this group of dead people lives in the spirit the way God does and says nothing about being condemned to hell. But again, that contradicts the rest of the Bible, which teaches that some people will experience eternal conscious punishment in hell. |
c.这种观点认为，死人有可能有第二次机会听到并回应福音，但这与圣经的其他内容相矛盾—例如，“按着定命，人人都要死一次，死后还有审判。”（希伯来书9:27）。此外，这种观点还假设所有的人最终都会得救，因为第6节的其余部分说，这群死人在灵里的生活方式与神的生活方式一样，而没有说要被判入地狱。但这又与圣经的其他内容相矛盾，圣经教导说，有些人将在地狱里有意识地经历永恒的刑罚。 |
| d. This view does not fit with the literary context of 1 Peter. Peter repeatedly exhorts Christians to persevere as they look forward to the future reward of eternal life. Those exhortations are hollow if all people get a second chance and eventually experience eternal life either way. |
d.这种观点不符合彼得前书的总体上下文。彼得一再劝告基督徒，当他们期待未来永生的奖赏时，要坚持不懈。如果所有的人都有第二次机会，无论哪种方式最终都会经历永生，那么这些劝告就成了空洞的。 |
| 2. The gospel was preached to people who were spiritually dead. This view doesn’t work because the Greek word translated “dead” refers to those who are physically dead at the end of the previous sentence: “they [unbelievers] will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.” Peter does not use the word dead in his writings to refer to the spiritually dead. |
2. 福音是传给那些灵性已死之人的。这种观点是行不通的，因为希腊文中译为“死人”的词是指上句末尾那些肉体上已经死亡的人。“他们[不信的人]必要向预备审判活人死人的主交帐”。彼得在他的著作中没有用死这个词来指属灵的死人。 |
| 3. The gospel was preached to people who are now physically dead. Some of those people became believers and then died. The NIV, CSB, NET, and NLT say that the gospel was preached “to those who are now dead.” The word “now” does not translate a Greek word, but some translations add that word to helpfully clarify what Peter means. The word now clarifies that Peter is referring to people whose bodies are currently dead; their bodies used to be alive, and when those believers were alive, they suffered. In Peter’s day, non-Christian Gentiles might argue, “Christians still die like everyone else! So what good is your religion? What benefit is there to becoming a Christian if Christians die just like everyone else?”14 But that is not the whole story. Christians who die will live the way God does by the power of God’s Spirit when God resurrects their bodies. (The Greek word translated “spirit” here could refer to Spirit with a capital S or spirit with a lower-case s. It’s hard to be sure which Peter intends, but I prefer Spirit with a capital S because God will give us resurrection life by means of the Holy Spirit.) |
3. 福音是传给现在身体已经死亡的人的。其中有些人成为信徒，然后就死了。新国际版本NIV、基督教标准圣经CSB、新英译本NET和新生活译本NLT都说，福音是“传给那些现在死了的人”。“现在”一词并没有翻译自希腊文，但有些译本添加了这个词，以帮助澄清彼得的意思。“现在”这个词澄清了，彼得指的是那些身体目前已经死了的人，他们的身体以前是活的，当这些信徒还活着的时候，他们曾受了苦。在彼得的时代，非基督徒的外邦人可能会辩解说：“基督徒还是会像其他人一样死去！”那你的宗教信仰有什么益处？如果基督徒和其他人一样死去，那成为基督徒有什么好处呢？"15但这还不是完整的故事。死去的基督徒，当神复活他们的身体时，他们将靠着神的灵的能力，活出神的样子。(这里翻译成“灵”的希腊文，可以指大写S的圣灵，也可以指小写s的灵魂)。很难确定彼得的意思，但我更喜欢大写S的圣灵，因为神会借着圣灵给我们复活的生命。) |
| The exhortation here is at the end of our passage is to endure the suffering in verse 4 by looking at the bigger picture—that God will righteously judge unbelievers. |
这里的劝告是在我们这段经文的末尾，要看到更大的图景，忍受第4节中的苦难—神会公义地审判不信的人。 |
| 6. Conclusion |
6. 结语 |
| 1 Peter 4:1-6 |
彼得前书4:1-6 |
| Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, so as to live for the rest of the time in the flesh no longer for human passions but for the will of God. For the time that is past suffices for doing what the Gentiles want to do, living in sensuality, passions, drunkenness, orgies, drinking parties, and lawless idolatry. With respect to this they are surprised when you do not join them in the same flood of debauchery, and they malign you; but they will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does. |
基督既然在肉身受过苦，你们也应当以同样的心志装备自己（因为在肉身受过苦的，就已经与罪断绝了），好叫你们不再随从人的私慾，只顺从 神的旨意，在世上度余下的光阴。因为你们过去随从教外人的心意，行邪淫、私慾、醉酒、荒宴、狂饮和可憎拜偶像的事，时候已经够了。他们见你们不再与他们同奔那纵情放荡的路，就觉得奇怪，毁谤你们。他们必要向那位预备要审判活人死人的主交帐。因此，那些死人也曾有福音传给他们，好使他们的肉体受了人要受的审判，他们的灵却靠 神活着。 |
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| What is the main idea of this passage? Arm yourselves with Christ’s way of thinking about suffering. |
这段话的主旨是什么？用基督对待苦难的思考方式武装自己。 |
| 1. Why should you arm yourselves with Christ’s mindset about suffering? (1 Peter 4:1) Two reasons: (1) Because Christ suffered in the flesh and (2) because whoever has died to sin has ceased from participating in the sins that characterize non-Christians. |
1. 为什么你们要用基督对待苦难的心志来武装自己？（彼得前书4:1）两个原因：(1)因为基督曾在肉身受苦，(2)因为凡是与罪断绝的人，就不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪。 |
| 2. For what purpose has a believer ceased from participating in the sins that characterize non-Christians? In order to live for the rest of your life no longer for sinful human passions but for God’s will. |
2. 信徒为了什么目的不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪？为了使你的余生不再为人的罪性私欲而活，而是为神的旨意而活。 |
| 3. Why is a believer committed to live no longer for sinful human passions but for God’s will? Because you have spent enough time in the past doing what pagans choose to do. |
3. 为什么信徒立志不再为人的罪性私欲而活，而是为神的旨意而活？因为你们过去已经花了足够多的时间做教外人选择做的事 |
| 4. How might non-Christians respond when a believer ceases from participating in sins that characterize non-Christians? They are surprised, and they malign you. |
4. 当信徒不再参与非基督徒所特有的罪时，非基督徒会如何回应呢？他们会觉得奇怪，就毁谤你们。 |
| 5. How does looking at the bigger picture motive believers about suffering? Unless non-Christians repent and trust Christ, God will righteously judge them; that encourages and exhorts us to persevere, to endure suffering now in light of the future. |
5. 看到更大的图景如何激励信徒面对苦难？除非非基督徒悔改信基督，否则神会公义地审判他们；这鼓励和劝告我们要坚持不懈，要为将来而忍受现在的苦难。 |
| So church, let’s resolve to follow God’s words to us in this passage. Let’s arm ourselves with Christ’s mindset about suffering because “Christ suffered in the flesh” (1 Pet 4:1). |
所以教会，让我们下定决心，按照神在这段经文中对我们说的话去做。让我们用基督对待苦难的心志来武装自己，因为 “基督在肉身受过苦”（彼前4:1）。 |
| Now we get to exult in Christ by celebrating the Lord’s Supper. |
现在我们通过庆祝主的晚餐来赞美基督。 |
| 7. Celebrate the Lord’s Supper |
7. 庆祝主的晚餐 |
| [Walk down to the floor.] |
[走下讲台] |
| 7.1. Fence the Table |
7.1.护卫餐桌 |
| When we celebrate the Lord’s Supper, eating and drinking is for all those who are trusting in Jesus Christ alone to save them from their sins. If you not a follower of Christ, we ask that you participate by observing but not by eating and drinking. Again, we warmly invite you to follow Christ as your Savior and Lord. |
当我们庆祝主的晚餐时，吃饼喝杯是为了所有那些相信只有耶稣基督才能拯救他们脱离罪恶的人。如果你不是基督的追随者，我们请你以观察的方式参与，但不要吃或喝。我们再次热烈邀请你跟随基督成为你的救主和主。 |
| 7.2. Explain How to Use the Cup with Two Lids |
7.2.解释如何使用两个盖子的杯子。 |
| If you plan to celebrate the Lord’s Supper together with us, please have your bread and cup of juice handy. (If you didn’t get a cup when you entered the auditorium, you are welcome to get up now and get one in the lobby.) The cup has two lids. Peel the top lid to access the cracker, and peel the bottom lid to access the juice. |
如果你打算和我们一起庆祝主的晚餐，请准备好你的饼和一杯果汁。(如果你在进入礼堂时没有拿到杯子，欢迎你现在就起来到大厅去拿。) 杯子有两个盖子。剥开上面的盖子可以拿出饼，剥开下面的盖子可以喝到果汁。 |
| 7.3. Connect to the Sermon |
7.3.与讲道的联系 |
| As we celebrate the Lord’s Supper together, I encourage you to meditate on 1 Peter 3:18: “Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God” (1 Pet 3:18). |
当我们一起庆祝主的晚餐时，我鼓励大家默想彼得前书3:18：“基督也曾一次为你们的罪死了，就是义的代替不义的，为要领你们到 神面前”（彼前3:18）。 |
| 7.4. Pray for the Bread, and Eat |
7.4.为饼祝祷，领用饼 |
| Now Pastor _______ will lead us in prayer before we celebrate by eating the bread. |
现在由______牧师带领我们祷告，然后一起吃饼庆祝。 |
|
| “Jesus said, ‘This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me’” (1 Cor11:23–24). |
“耶稣说：‘这是我的身体，为你们擘开的；你们应当这样行，为的是记念我。’”（哥林多前书11:23-24） |
| 7.5. Pray for the Juice, and Drink |
7.5.为杯祝祷，领用杯 |
| Now Pastor _______ will lead us in prayer before we celebrate by drinking the juice. |
现在由______牧师带领我们祷告，然后一起喝果汁庆祝。 |
|
| “‘This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.’ For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes” (1 Cor 11:25–26). |
“‘这杯是我用我的血所立的新约，你们每逢喝的时候，应当这样行，为的是记念我。’你们每逢吃这饼，喝这杯，就是宣扬主的死，直等到祂来。”（哥林多前书11:25-26） |
| 8. Announcements + Benediction |
8. 报告事项和祝祷 |
| • As we dismiss, prayer teams are available to pray with you in the parking lot. |
当我们解散时，祷告团队会在停车场与你们一起祷告。 |
| • Receive the benediction: |
请接受祝祷： |
| Elect exiles, may God enable you to faithfully arm yourselves with Christ’s mindset about suffering. Go in peace. |
蒙拣选的寄居者，愿神帮助你们忠心地用基督对待苦难的心志来武装自己。平平安安地去吧。 |
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