前段时间在项目中实现假删除功能,发现一个问题:以‘专家’和‘专家组’为例,‘专家’外键关联‘专家组’,对‘专家组’进行假删后,‘专家’的serializer中的嵌套显示数据依然会显示被假删的 组。
这个问题的解决办法就是需要对嵌套资源进行自定义过滤(本例就是做了假删除的组过滤掉,即去掉isDelete=True的‘专家组’数据)。
model如下:
class ExpertGroup(models.Model):
"""
专家组列表
"""
id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False, verbose_name=u'编号', help_text=u'编号')
groupName = models.CharField(max_length=100, db_column="groupname", verbose_name=u"专家组名", help_text='专家组名',
null=True, blank=True)
isDelete = models.BooleanField(db_column="isdelete", verbose_name=u'是否已删除', help_text="是否已删除", default=False)
class Meta:
db_table = 'sys_expertgroup'
verbose_name = verbose_name_plural = "专家组列表"
def __str__(self):
return str(self.groupName)
class Expert(models.Model):
"""
专家列表
"""
id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False, verbose_name=u'编号', help_text=u'编号')
expert = models.ForeignKey(User, db_column="expert", verbose_name=u"专家", help_text='专家',
on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name="expert_user", null=True, blank=True)
expertGroup = models.ForeignKey(ExpertGroup, db_column="expertgroup", verbose_name=u"专家组", help_text='专家组',
on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name="expert_expertgroup", null=True, blank=True)
isDelete = models.BooleanField(db_column="isdelete", verbose_name=u'是否删除', help_text="是否删除", default=False)
class Meta:
db_table = 'sys_expert'
verbose_name = verbose_name_plural = "专家列表"
def __str__(self):
return str(self.id)
要将假删除做到像真删除那样,需要两步:
1.对‘专家’的filter进行修改,不再显示已假删除的字段:
原代码:
class ExpertFilter(filters.FilterSet):
class Meta:
model = Expert
fields = ["id", "expertGroup"]
修改后:
class ExpertFilter(filters.FilterSet):
expertgroups = ExpertGroup.objects.filter(isDelete=False).values_list('id', 'groupName')
expertGroup = filters.ChoiceFilter(choices=expertgroups, label=u'专家组', help_text="专家组")
class Meta:
model = Expert
fields = ["id", "expertGroup"]
效果就是下图中的‘专家’的过滤器中,外键关联的‘专家组’字段中不再显示已假删除的组了。
image.png
2.对‘专家’的Serializer进行修改(重要!核心在此,重写to_representation方法),嵌套数据中过滤掉已假删除的数据:
原代码:
class ExpertSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
expertGroup = ExpertGroupListSerializer(many=False)
class Meta:
model = Expert
fields = '__all__'
修改后:
class ExpertSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
expertGroup = ExpertGroupListSerializer(many=False)
def to_representation(self, obj):
data = super(ExpertSerializer, self).to_representation(obj)
data['expertGroup'] = ExpertGroupListSerializer(
ExpertGroup.objects.filter(isDelete=False, expert_expertgroup=obj).first()).data
return data
class Meta:
model = Expert
fields = '__all__'
修改后serializer效果如下图:
image.png
已被假删除的‘专家组’显示为空。
总结:
除了假删除,还可以过滤掉其他不想要显示的字段,核心就是重写to_representation方法,对嵌套数据进行过滤。
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