rabbitMQ的简单安装使用

1. 安装

安装erl：apt-get install erlang-nox
查看erl是否安装成功：erl
安装源：wget -O- https://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -
更新源：apt-get update
安装rabbitmq：apt-get install rabbitmq-server
查看状态：systemctl status rabbitmq-server
开启WebUI管理页面：rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
重启：service rabbitmq-server restart
查看用户列表：rabbitmqctl list_users
添加【username】用户：rabbitmqctl add_user username password
给【username】用户管理员权限：rabbitmqctl set_user_tags username administrator
开机启动：systemctl enable  rabbitmq-server
查看消息列队：rabbitmqctl list_queues

2. 简单使用 参考https://www.cnblogs.com/shenh/p/10497244.html

2.1 发送消息给队列（重启服务消息丢失）

import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('username', 'password')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '10.131.70.49', 5672, '/', credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# 声明消息队列，消息将在这个队列传递
channel.queue_declare(queue='balance')

# n RabbitMQ a message can never be sent directly to the queue, it always needs to go through an exchange.
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key='balance',
                      body='Hello World!',
                      )
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
connection.close()

2.2 发送消息给队列（持久化，重启服务消息还在）

import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('root', 'root')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
     '10.131.70.49',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# 声明queue
channel.queue_declare(queue='durable',durable=True)  # 多了durable=True

# n RabbitMQ a message can never be sent directly to the queue, it always needs to go through an exchange.
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key='durable',
                      body='Hello cheng!',
                      properties=pika.BasicProperties(
                          delivery_mode=2,  # make message persistent
                      )
                      )
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello cheng!'")
connection.close()

2.3 取消息

import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('root', 'root')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '10.131.70.49', 5672, '/', credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# 若取持久化的消息:
# channel.queue_declare(queue='balance', durable=True)
# 若取无持久化的消息:
channel.queue_declare(queue='balance')


def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)


channel.basic_consume('balance',
                      callback,
                      True
                       # False，在调用callback函数时，未收到确认标识，消息会重回队列。
                       # True，无论调用callback成功与否，消息都被消费掉
) 
 # no_ack 设置成 False，在调用callback函数时，未收到确认标识，消息会重回队列。
 # True，无论调用callback成功与否，消息都被消费掉


print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()