安装 GCC 4.9.2 版本

先编译安装高版本的 GCC(CentOS6)

wget 'http://mirror.hust.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.9.4/gcc-4.9.4.tar.bz2'
tar -jxf gcc-4.9.4.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.9.4
./contrib/download_prerequisites
./configure --prefix=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/gcc-4.9.4/  \
      --disable-multilib --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release \
      --enable-threads=posix --enable-languages=c,c++ \
      --enable-gather-detailed-mem-stats
make -j 24
make install

添加环境变量配置

export PATH=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/gcc-4.9.4/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/gcc-4.9.4/lib64/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

yum安装 R 的依赖

下面这些依赖软件在CentOS源(含epel)中的版本即可以满足需求

yum install -y readline-devel xorg-x11-server-devel libX11-devel libXt-devel curl-devel

需要编译安装的 R 依赖包

1. zlib-devel > 1.2.5
2. bzip2-devel > 1.0.6
3. xz > 5.0.3 (lzma)
4. pcre > 8.20
5. libcurl >= 7.22.0

分别安装步骤：

### zlib-1.2.11
wget http://www.zlib.net/zlib1211.zip
unzip zlib1211.zip
cd zlib-1.2.11/ 
./configure --prefix=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/zlib-1.2.11/
make -j 24
make install

### bzip2 1.0.6
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/bzip2/files/bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz
tar -zxf bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz
cd bzip2-1.0.6
# 编辑 Makefile 文档
# CFLAGS=-Wall -fPIC -Winline -O2 -g $(BIGFILES) 行添加 -fPIC 参数
make -j 24
make  install PREFIX=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/bzip2-1.0.6/

### xz-5.2.4
wget https://tukaani.org/xz/xz-5.2.4.tar.gz
tar -zxf xz-5.2.4.tar.gz
cd xz-5.2.4
./configure --prefix=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/xz-5.2.4
make -j 24
make install

### pcre-8.42
wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.42/pcre-8.42.tar.gz 
tar -zxf pcre-8.42.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.42
./configure --prefix=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/pcre-8.42/ --enable-utf8
make -j 24
make install

### curl-7.61
wget https://curl.haxx.se/download/curl-7.61.0.tar.gz
tar -zxf curl-7.61.0.tar.gz
cd curl-7.61.0
./configure --prefix=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/curl-7.61 \
        --with-ssl=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/openssl-1.1.1d/
make -j 24
make install 

配置环境变量

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/curl-7.61/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/share/home/software/CentOS-6/pcre-8.42/lib/
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/share/home/software/CentOS-6/xz-5.2.4/lib/
export PATH=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/curl-7.61/bin:$PATH

编译安装 R-3.6.2

如果 readline 也需要编译安装， 采取相类似如下的方式来自行编译。

CPPFLAGS="-I/share/home/software/CentOS-6/curl-7.61/include \
    -I/share/home/software/CentOS-6/pcre-8.42/include \
    -I/share/home/software/CentOS-6/xz-5.2.4/include/ \
    -I/share/home/software/CentOS-6/bzip2-1.0.6/include/ \
    -I/share/home/software/CentOS-6/zlib-1.2.11/include/"  \
LDFLAGS="-L/share/home/software/CentOS-6/curl-7.61/lib \
    -L/share/home/software/CentOS-6/pcre-8.42/lib/ \
    -L/share/home/software/CentOS-6/xz-5.2.4/lib \
    -L/share/home/software/CentOS-6/bzip2-1.0.6/lib/ \
    -L/share/home/software/CentOS-6/zlib-1.2.11/lib"   \
./configure --prefix=/share/home/software/CentOS-6/R-3.6.2 --enable-R-shlib
make -j 24
make install