Python 3.7+ 源码安装

安装 Python

• 通过 python 官网下载源码包
• 通过 yum 安装依赖包
• 解压编译并安装

#安装依赖包
yum -y install bzip* ncurses*  gdbm*  libpcap* xz*  libffi*  sqlite*  tk* libuuid* readline*  zlib*

#解包源码包
tar -xf Python-3.8.0.tgz

mkdir /opt/sdks/versions/python3.8.0

#编译并安装
./configure -prefix=/opt/sdks/versions/python3.8.0
make & make install

常见错误

OpenSSL依赖问题

因openssl 1.0.1存在安全问题，python3自3.7版本后要求依赖openssl 1.0.2以上或libressl；错误提示如下：

Python requires an OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1 compatible libssl with X509_VERIFY_P

• 安装libressl
  python3.7以上建议使用libressl代替openssl，故需通过源码编译安装libressl

  # 下载源码包
  wget https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-3.0.2.tar.gz 
  
  # 解压
  tar -zxvf libressl-3.0.2.tar.gz
  # 配置安装路径
  mkdir /usr/local/libressl
  cd libressl-3.0.2
  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libressl
  
  # 安装
  make & make install
  
  # 创建软连接代替openssl
  mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.bak
  mv /usr/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl.bak 
  ln -s /usr/local/libressl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl 
  ln -s /usr/local/libressl/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl
  echo /usr/local/libressl/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libressl-3.0.2.conf
  ldconfig -v
  
  
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/libressl/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libressl/include"
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/libressl/lib/pkgconfig"