最近在学习python,又刚好有导出数据的需求,所以做了一下尝试,在知乎看过一些对比,觉得xlwing性能应该比较好,所以最后选择了xlwings来操作excel
导出数据
这里碰到一个问题,google查不到方案,最后选择了一个绕过的小技巧。
问题是:当数据库字段类型为字符时,且存的是"001301"类似于此类的编码,在用xlwings导出到excel时,前面的00会丢失。
解决办法:是针对该字段,查询语句前面在该字段加" ' ", 加了单引号后,excel自动默认该列为字符,这样前面的00就不会丢失
导出脚本:
ora-2-exl.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ora_conn
import sys
import xlwings as xw
import cx_Oracle
import datetime
def ora_to_excel():
with open(sys.argv[1],'rb') as f:
sql = f.read()
cursor = ora_conn.connect.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
app = xw.App(visible=False)
wb = xw.Book()
sht = wb.sheets[0]
#处理表头
i = 0
start = datetime.datetime.now()
for col in cursor.description:
i += 1
sht.range((1,i)).value = col[0]
#写入数据
offset = 2
while True:
results = cursor.fetchmany(30000)
if not results:
break
#对于数据库为字符串的'001',需要在查询的sql语句加上',否则前面的00在excel会丢失
sht.range('A'+ str(offset)).options().value = results
offset = offset + len(results)
wb.save(sys.argv[2])
wb.close()
app.quit()
cursor.close()
ora_conn.connect.close()
print(datetime.datetime.now() - start)
if __name__ == '__main__':
ora_to_excel()
导入数据
这里碰到一个问题就是日期格式的问题,excel的日期格式最好是yyyy/mm/dd hh:mi:ss
exl-2-ora.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import xlwings as xw
import ora_conn
import datetime
import sys
def exl_to_ora(table_name,file_name):
app = xw.App(visible=False)
wb = app.books.open(file_name)
sht = wb.sheets[0]
data = sht.range('A1').expand().value
rows = len(data) - 1
cols = data[0]
cursor = ora_conn.connect.cursor()
#处理插入的语句
cols_str = '('
for x in cols:
cols_str = cols_str + str(x) + ','
cols_str = cols_str.strip(',') + ')'
values_str = ' values ('
for i in range(len(cols)):
values_str = values_str + ':' + str(i+1) + ','
values_str = values_str.strip(',') + ')'
offset = 1
#print("insert into " + table_name + cols_str + values_str)
try:
start = datetime.datetime.now()
while(offset < rows):
cursor.executemany("insert into " + table_name + cols_str + values_str,data[offset:offset+20000])
offset += 20000
ora_conn.connect.commit()
#print('commit data rows:'+ str(offset))
finally:
wb.close()
app.quit()
cursor.close()
ora_conn.connect.close()
print(datetime.datetime.now() - start )
if __name__ == '__main__':
exl_to_ora(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[2])
ora_conn.py
import cx_Oracle
dbs = {
'dev':'use1/dev@10.xx.xx.xx/dev',
'test':'use1/test@10.xx.xx.xx/test',
'uat':'use1/uat@10.xx.xx.xx/uat'
}
connect = cx_Oracle.connect(dbs['dev'])
print('connect success')
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