现在容器化技术越来越成熟和流行，比传统的虚拟化技术确实是有很大的优势，所以流行是必然的。今天来实践一把，使用 Docker 的 dockerfile 方式定制 lnmp 环境。

环境配置
操作系统：CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810
Docker 版本：19.03.5
Nginx 版本：1.15.5
PHP 版本：7.2.26
MySQL 版本：8.0.18
Redis 版本：5.0.5
创建目录结构
docker目录：//docker相关配置
[root@zhangdeTalk data]# tree docker
docker
├── bin
│ └── docker-compose-linux.yml //dockerfile.yml
├── config
│ ├── mysql
│ │ └── mysqld.cnf //数据库配置文件
│ ├── nginx
│ │ ├── conf.d
│ │ │ └── default.conf //nginx主要配置文件
│ │ └── nginx.conf //nginx基础配置文件
│ ├── php
│ │ ├── php.ini //php基础配置文件
│ │ └── www.conf //php主要配置文件
│ └── redis
│ └── redis.conf //redis配置文件
├── dockerfile
│ ├── mysql-8.0.18
│ │ └── Dockerfile //mysql的dockerfile
│ ├── nginx-1.15.5
│ │ └── Dockerfile //nginx的dockerfile
│ ├── php-7.2-fpm
│ │ └── Dockerfile //php的dockerfile
│ └── redis-5.0.5
│ └── Dockerfile //redis的dockerfile
├── README.en.md
└── README.md
www目录：//站点目录
[root@zhangdeTalk data]# tree www
www
└── zhangdetalk_blog_admin
├── 1.html
└── index.php
logs目录：//日志目录
[root@zhangdeTalk data]# tree logs
logs
├── mysql
├── nginx
│ ├── access.log
│ └── error.log
├── php
└── redis
mysql目录：//数据库数据目录
redis目录：//数据库数据目录
Docker 安装
先在 CentOS 安装 Docker，可参考另外一篇文章：CentOS 安装 Docker

构建 lnmp 镜像 Dockerfile
PHP Dockerfile
From php:7.2-fpm

维护者信息

MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com

时区

ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R

RUN docker-php-ext-install bcmath dom fileinfo filter ftp gd gmp hash iconv imap json mbstring mysqli odbc opcache pdo pdo_mysql pdo_odbc phar reflection session snmp soap sockets zip

RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli opcache pdo_mysql

WORKDIR /working
RUN apt-get update --fix-missing && apt-get install -y libpng-dev libjpeg-dev libfreetype6-dev
&& docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/jpeg
&& docker-php-ext-install gd mysqli opcache pdo_mysql gd zip
ENV PHPREDIS_VERSION 4.0.1
ENV PHPXDEBUG_VERSION 2.6.0
ENV PHPSWOOLE_VERSION 4.2.13
ENV PHPMONGODB_VERSION 1.5.3
RUN pecl install redis-PHPXDEBUG_VERSION
&& pecl install swoole-PHPMONGODB_VERSION
&& docker-php-ext-enable redis xdebug swoole mongodb

install composer new

https://getcomposer.org/installer | https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer

RUN php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
&& php composer-setup.php
&& php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
&& mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
&& composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/
RUN apt-get install -y git

clear

RUN rm -rf /var/cache/apt/*
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN mkdir /var/lib/sessions
&& chmod o=rwx -R /var/lib/sessions

容器启动时执行指令

CMD ["php-fpm"]
Nginx Dockerfile
From nginx:1.15.5

维护者信息

MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com

时区

ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R

容器启动时执行指令

CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
Mysql Dockerfile
From mysql:8.0.18

维护者信息

MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com

时区

ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R

容器启动时执行指令

CMD ["mysqld"]
Redis Dockerfile
From redis:5.0.5

维护者信息

MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com

时区

ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R

容器启动时执行指令

CMD ["redis-server"]
dockerfile.yml 配置
version: '3.3'
services:
nginx:
build: ../dockerfile/nginx-1.15.5
ports:
- "80:80" #nginx
restart: always
tty: true
container_name: nginx
volumes:
- /data/www:/var/www/html
- /data/logs/nginx:/var/log/nginx
- /data/docker/config/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
- /data/docker/config/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- /etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt
networks:
- lnmp-networks
php7:
build: ../dockerfile/php-7.2-fpm
tty: true
restart: always
container_name: php7
volumes:
- /data/www:/var/www/html
- /data/logs/php:/var/log/php
- /data/docker/config/php/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
- /data/docker/config/php/www.conf:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
depends_on:
- nginx
networks:
- lnmp-networks
redis:
build: ../dockerfile/redis-5.0.5
container_name: redis
tty: true
restart: always
volumes:
- /data/docker/config/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
- /data/redis:/var/lib/redis
- /data/logs/redis:/var/log/redis
networks:
- lnmp-networks
mysql:
build: ../dockerfile/mysql-8.0.18
container_name: mysql
tty: true
restart: always
ports:
- "3306:3306" #mysql
volumes:
- /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
- /data/docker/config/mysql/mysqld.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
- /data/logs/mysql:/var/log/mysql
- /data/mysqlback:/data/mysqlback
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
networks:
- lnmp-networks
networks:
lnmp-networks:
Nginx 配置文件
vim /data/docker/config/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html index.php;
charset utf-8;
server_name zhangdetalk.com www.zhangdetalk.com;
location ~ .mduri request_filename) {
rewrite ^(.*)1 last;
break;
}
}
location ~ .phpdocument_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
docker-compose 安装

1. curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.22.0/docker-compose-uname -s-uname -m > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
2. chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose //设置可执行权限
   创建并启动容器
   docker-compose -f docker-compose-linux.yml up -d --force-recreate --remove-orphans
   容器查看
   docker ps

测试
vim /data/www/zhangdetalk_blog_admin/index.php
<?php
echo "Hello World";
conn){
echo '数据库连接成功！';
}else{
echo '数据库连接失败！';
}
phpinfo();
?>

通过访问站点：http://www.zhangdetalk.com/
可以看到显示数据库连接成功，并打印出PHP的相关信息
到此步，我们的lnmp环境搭建大功告成！
github 源码
相关的源码下载地址：https://github.com/zhangdejian/docker_lnmp.git
遇到的问题
1、PHP代码连接数据库，host不能写成127.0.0.1或localhost，需要填写数据库容器名字

2、mysql8连接，连接失败，因为加密方式有变化
解决方式：主机登录mysql，修改成旧的加密方式（mysql_native_password），并重置密码

• mysql -uroot -p;
• use mysql;
• select host,user,plugin from user;
• alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';