ab是一种用于测试Apache超文本传输协议（HTTP）服务器的工具。apache自带ab工具，可以测试
apache、IIs、tomcat、nginx等服务器
linux 安装
yum -y install httpd-tools
ab手册
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
-n requests Number of requests to perform
-c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time
-t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
This implies -n 50000
-s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response
Default is 30 seconds
-b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
-B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
-p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
-u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
-T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
Default is 'text/plain'
-v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print
-w Print out results in HTML tables
-i Use HEAD instead of GET
-x attributes String to insert as table attributes
-y attributes String to insert as tr attributes
-z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes
-C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
-H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
-A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use
-V Print version number and exit
-k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
-d Do not show percentiles served table.
-S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
-q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
-l Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
-g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
-e filename Output CSV file with percentages served
-r Don't exit on socket receive errors.
-m method Method name
-h Display usage information (this message)
-I Disable TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension
-Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
-f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol
(TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)
-E certfile Specify optional client certificate chain and private key
直接看操作手册可能有点上头，我给大家翻译了一些
| 参数信息 | 变量 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| -n | request | 请求总数 |
| -c | concurrency | 并发数 |
| -t | timelimit | 用于基准测试的最长时间 |
| -s | timeout | 请求超时时间，默认30s |
| -b | windowsize | TCP发送/接收缓冲区的大小，以字节为单位 |
| -B | address | 请求地址 |
| -p | postfile | post请求体（是一个文件） |
| -u | putfile | put请求体（是一个文件） |
| -T | contentType | post/put请求的content-type。eg：'application/json';'applicationx-www-form-urlencoded' |
| -v | verbosity | 设置显示信息的详细程度 - 4或更大值会显示头信息， 3或更大值可以显示响应代码(404, 200等), 2或更大值可以显示警告和其他信息。 -V 显示版本号并退出。 |
| -w | 在HTML表格中打印结果 | |
| -i | 执行HEAD请求，而不是GET请求 | |
| -x | attributes | 要作为表属性插入的字符串 |
| -y | attributes | 作为tr属性插入的字符串 |
| -z | attributes | 作为td属性插入的字符串 |
| -C | attributes | 添加cookie eg. 'Apache=1234' |
| -H | attributes | 添加Header eg.'Accept-Encoding: gzip' |
| -k | 使用HTTP KeepAlive功能 | |
| -g | filename | 将收集到的数据输出到gnuplot格式文件。 |
| -e | filename | 结果输出到CSV文件 |
| -r | 发生socker错误时不退出 | |
| -h | 不展示用例信息 |
压测GET请求
请求地址：http://127.0.0.1:8074/raindrop/snowflake
并发数 100
请求总数 1000
ab -c 100 -n 1000 http://127.0.0.1:8074/raindrop/snowflake
结果
Server Software:
Server Hostname: 127.0.0.1
Server Port: 8074
Document Path: /raindrop/snowflake
Document Length: 80 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 0.465 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 199000 bytes
HTML transferred: 80000 bytes
Requests per second: 2152.84 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 46.450 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.465 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 418.37 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 2 3.2 1 17
Processing: 3 43 62.2 23 336
Waiting: 3 36 58.7 18 324
Total: 7 45 61.8 27 337
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 27
66% 29
75% 34
80% 36
90% 212
95% 222
98% 233
99% 247
100% 337 (longest request)
通过结果可以看出压测的一些信息，比如最小链接时间，最长链接时间，请求响应的信息等。
发送POST请求
请求地址：https://www.test.com/user/secret/listPage
并发数：100
请求总数：1000
content-type：application/json
请求体：{}
POST请求需要将请求体放到指定的文件中，新建一个post.txt文件，文件内容是请求体。
ab -c 100 -n 1000 -p post.txt -T 'application/json' https://www.test.com/user/secret/listPage
压测结果
Server Software: nginx/1.16.1
Server Hostname: www.test.com
Server Port: 443
SSL/TLS Protocol: TLSv1.2,ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256,2048,128
Server Temp Key: ECDH P-256 256 bits
TLS Server Name: www.zhengoole.com
Document Path: /user/secret/listPage
Document Length: 153 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 16.345 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 371000 bytes
Total body sent: 157000
HTML transferred: 153000 bytes
Requests per second: 61.18 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 1634.501 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 16.345 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 22.17 [Kbytes/sec] received
9.38 kb/s sent
31.55 kb/s total
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 165 1167 1338.3 490 6001
Processing: 58 252 324.6 101 1489
Waiting: 58 250 324.0 99 1488
Total: 226 1419 1324.1 877 6113
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 877
66% 1566
75% 1934
80% 2073
90% 3105
95% 4926
98% 5090
99% 6028
100% 6113 (longest request)
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