一，了解spring mvc + hibernate
Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构，从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时，可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架，如Struts1(现在一般不用)，Struts2等。
Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架，它对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装，它将POJO与数据库表建立映射关系，是一个全自动的orm框架，hibernate可以自动生成SQL语句，自动执行，使得Java程序员可以随心所欲的使用对象编程思维来操纵数据库。 Hibernate可以应用在任何使用JDBC的场合，既可以在Java的客户端程序使用，也可以在Servlet/JSP的Web应用中使用，最具革命意义的是，Hibernate可以在应用EJB的J2EE架构中取代CMP，完成数据持久化的重任。
二，搭建基本的框架
1.在Eclipse中新建一个Maven工程。
2.创建基本的目录结构（如下图）：
基本的目录结构图.png
3.一些主要的配置文件存一般存放在WebContent下面的WEB-INF下面（如下图）：
一些主要的配置文件
三，文件配置
1.pom.xml文件的配置
POM包含了一个project所需要的所有信息，当然也就包含了构建过程中所需要的插件的配置信息，事实上，这里申明了"who","what",和"where"，然而构建生命周期(build lifecycle)s中说的是"when"和"how"。这并不是说POM并能影响生命周期的过程-事实上它可以。例如，配置一个可以嵌入ant任务到POM的mavem-antrun-plugin。它基本上就是一个声明。就像build.xml告诉ant当运行时它该做什么一样，一个POM申明了它自己的配置。如果外力迫使生命周期跳过了ant插件的执行，这并不影响那些已经执行过的插件产生的效果。这一点和build.xml不一样。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>xDSP</groupId>
<artifactId>xDSP</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<spring.scurity.version>4.0.1.RELEASE</spring.scurity.version>
<spring.jpa.version>1.8.0.RELEASE</spring.jpa.version>
<aspectj.version>1.7.4</aspectj.version>
<tomcat-jdbc.version>7.0.53</tomcat-jdbc.version>
<jackson.version>2.5.1</jackson.version>
<log4j.version>1.2</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>${spring.jpa.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>1.5.0.RELEASE</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.6</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.json</groupId>
<artifactId>json</artifactId>
<version>20151123</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>3.5.0-Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>3.5.0-Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.34</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.3.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.jdbc.properties的配置
JDBC（Java Data Base Connectivity,java数据库连接）是一种用于执行SQL语句的Java API，可以为多种关系数据库提供统一访问，它由一组用Java语言编写的类和接口组成。JDBC为工具/数据库开发人员提供了一个标准的API，据此可以构建更高级的工具和接口，使数据库开发人员能够用纯 Java API 编写数据库应用程序，同时，JDBC也是个商标名。
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.initialPoolSize=5
jdbc.minPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=100
//数据库的地址，登录名及密码
jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://***.***.**.****\:****/xDSP?autoReconnect=true&autoReconnectForPools=true
jdbc.username=****
jdbc.password=****
3.log4j.properties的配置
Log4j是Apache的一个开放源代码项目，通过使用Log4j，我们可以控制日志信息输送的目的地是控制台、文件、GUI组件、甚至是套接口服务器、NT的事件记录器、UNIXSyslog守护进程等；我们也可以控制每一条日志的输出格式；通过定义每一条日志信息的级别，我们能够更加细致地控制日志的生成过程。最令人感兴趣的就是，这些可以通过一个配置文件来灵活地进行配置，而不需要修改应用的代码。
//输出日志
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,stdout
log4j.logger.org.springframework=OFF
log4j.logger.org.apache.struts2=OFF
log4j.logger.com.opensymphony.xwork2=OFF
log4j.logger.com.ibatis=OFF
log4j.logger.org.hibernate=OFF
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.File=/data/bh_logs/xDSP/xDSP.log
log4j.appender.stdout.Append=true
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}\t%m%n
4.web.xml的配置
web.xml文件是用来配置：欢迎页、servlet、filter等的。当你的web工程没用到这些时，你可以不用web.xml文件来配置你的web工程。也就是说，web.xml文件并不是web工程必须的。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>xDSP</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>xDSP.root</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>WEB-INF/log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>SessionFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.xDSP.filter.SessionFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<description>将当前登录的用户的信息保存在 session 中时使用的key，如果没有配置此参数，则该过滤器不起作用</description>
<param-name>sessionKey</param-name>
<param-value>user</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<description>未登录重定向地址</description>
<param-name>redirectUrl</param-name>
<param-value>login.html</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<description>不需要进行拦截的 </description>
<param-name>excepUrlRegex</param-name>
<param-value>^.*(login|assert|favicon|js|img|css).*$</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SessionFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>10</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<!-- load-on-startup必须放在最后 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.spring-servlet.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xDSP.controller" />
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
<!-- json转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="dspDao" class="com.xDSP.dao.DSPDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="dspService" class="com.xDSP.service.DSPService">
<property name="dspDao" ref="dspDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />
<!-- hibernate config -->
<context:property-placeholder location="WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.url}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}">
<!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<!-- 连接池的最大值 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
<!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="5" />
<!--#给出一条简单的sql语句进行验证 -->
<property name="validationQuery" value="select 1 from user" />
<!--#在取出连接时进行有效验证 -->
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="120" />
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- #运行判断连接超时任务的时间间隔，单位为毫秒，默认为-1，即不执行任务。 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="3600000" />
<!-- #连接的超时时间，默认为半小时。 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="3600000" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.xDSP.service" />
<property name="mappingResources">
<value>xDSP.hbm.xml</value>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.use_sql_comments">false</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.autoReconnect">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" p:sessionFactory-ref="sessionFactory" />
<!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" />
</beans>
6.hbm.xml配置
Hibernate映射文件。Hibernate映射文件是Hibernate与数据库进行持久化的桥梁。持久化对象的映射定义可全部存储在同一个映射文件中,也可将每个对象的映射定义存储在独立的文件中.后一种方法较好,因为将大量持久化类的映射定义存储在一个文件中比较麻烦,建议采用每个类一个文件的方法来组织映射文档.使用多个映射文件还有一个优点:如果将所有映射定义都存储到一个文件中,将难以调试和隔离特定类的映射定义错误。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.xDSP.entity">
<class name="AdUserEntity" table="user">
<id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="account" column="account" type="java.lang.String" />
<property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
三，代码的实现
1.Entity代码
package com.xDSP.entity;
public class AdUserEntity {
private int id;
private String account;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getAccount() {
return account;
}
public void setAccount(String account) {
this.account = account;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
2.Common层代码：
主要存放一些封装好的方法。如这里下面用到的 CommonTools.getParamsFromRequest()。
package com.xDSP.common;
import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
public class CommonTools
{
public static Map<String, String> getParamsFromRequest(HttpServletRequest request)
{
try
{
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
Map params = new HashMap<String, String>();
Enumeration<String> paraNames = request.getParameterNames();
String name = null;
String value = null;
while (paraNames.hasMoreElements())
{
name = paraNames.nextElement();
value = request.getParameter(name);
if (value != null)
{
params.put(name, value);
}
}
return params;
}
}
3.Controller层代码：
package com.xDSP.controller;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.xDSP.common.CommonTools;
import com.xDSP.entity.AdUserEntity;
import com.xDSP.service.DSPService;
@Controller
public class DSPController {
static private Logger log = Logger.getLogger("stdout");
@Autowired
private DSPService dspService;
//登录接口
@RequestMapping("/login")
@ResponseBody
public String login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
Map<String, String> params = CommonTools.getParamsFromRequest(request);
String account = params.get("account");
String password = params.get("password");
AdUserEntity userEntity = dspService.loginCheck(account, password);
if (userEntity == null) {
return "{\"code\":1,\"msg\":\"用户不存在\"}";
}
request.getSession().setAttribute("user", userEntity.getAccount());
return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"登陆成功\"}";
}
//登出接口
@RequestMapping("/logout")
@ResponseBody
public void logout(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);// 防止创建Session
if (session == null) {
response.sendRedirect("login.html");
return;
}
session.removeAttribute("user");
response.sendRedirect("login.html");
}
}
4.Service层代码
package com.xDSP.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.xDSP.dao.DSPDao;
import com.xDSP.entity.AdUserEntity;
public class DSPService {
@Autowired
private DSPDao dspDao;
public DSPDao getDspDao() {
return dspDao;
}
public void setDspDao(DSPDao dspDao) {
this.dspDao = dspDao;
}
public AdUserEntity loginCheck(String account, String password) {
return dspDao.getUserByLoginInfo(account, password);
}
}
5.Dao层代码
package com.xDSP.dao;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.xDSP.entity.AdUserEntity;
public class DSPDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
@Transactional
public AdUserEntity getUserByLoginInfo(String account, String password) {
String hql = "select u from AdUserEntity as u where u.account=? and u.password=?";
Query query = this.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession()
.createQuery(hql);
query.setParameter(0, account);
query.setParameter(1, password);
List<AdUserEntity> list = query.list();
AdUserEntity userEntity = new AdUserEntity();
if (list == null || list.size() == 0) {
return null;
} else {
userEntity = list.get(0);
}
return userEntity;
}
}
6.filter层
放过滤器，实现未登录定向功能。具体参照我专门写的《JAVA过滤器实现用户身份验证的功能，用户没有登录跳转到登陆页面》。传送门：http://www.jianshu.com/p/b5e44b9dd03c
四.使用
服务端的代码基本完成，在登录使用表单上传时或者Ajax上传登录的用户名和密码时，直接调用/login.do登录接口。会返回状态码status：0或1，登录信息msg:登录成功或者用户不存在。方便用于前端做用户交互。登出的话直接调用/logout.do接口，就可以达到效果。
通过实现登录这个功能的实现，可以深刻的了解spring mvc + hibernate的一个逻辑流程，同时也可以按照这种方式来学习如何搭建基本的框架和使用springmvc + hibernate来给前端提供接口。希望这篇文章能够帮助到大家。
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