写在前面
Hi，我是新海，一个正在备战的考研人。
最近需要进行大量的考研专项阅读，于是萌生了一个翻译计划，准备翻译1986——2018年所有阅读，通过大量的阅读训练来熟悉考研单词，短语以及语法，更深刻理解考研阅读。
下面是我的第15篇，所有中文释义，均是由本人整理翻译，当然也有不够完善的地方，欢迎大家评论补充。
When Jane Matheson started work at Advanced Electronics Inc. 12 years ago, she laboured over a microscope, hand-welding tiny electronic computers and turned out 18 per hour. Now she tends the computerized machinery that turns out high capacity memory chips at the rate of 2,600 per hour. Production is up, profits are up, her income is up and Mrs. Matheson says the work is far less strain on her eyes.
12年前，当简•马西森(Jane Matheson)开始在先进电子公司(Advanced Electronics Inc.)工作时，她在一台显微镜下手工焊接微型电子计算机，每小时生产18台。现在，她负责的是计算机化的机器，这种机器能以每小时2600台的速度生产出高容量的存储芯片。生产增加了，利润增加了，收入增加了，马西森太太说，工作对她的眼睛的压力要小得多。
- turned out…装束的；…打扮的
- per hour每小时
- high capacity高容量，高负载
- memory chips存储器片( memory chip的名词复数 )
- at the rate of以…速度
- Mrs.夫人，太太
- far less远不及
But the most significant effect of the changes at AEI was felt by the workers who are no longer there. Before the new computerized equipment was introduced, there were 940 workers at the plant. Now there are 121.
但是AEI的变化最显著的影响是那些不再在那里的工人们感受到的。在引进新的计算机设备之前，工厂里有940名工人。现在有121个。
A plant follow-up survey showed that one year after the layoffs only 38% of the released workers found new employment at the same or better wages. Nearly half finally settled for lower pay and more than 13% are still out of work.
一项工厂跟踪调查显示，裁员一年后，只有38%的被释放工人找到了新的就业机会。将近一半的人最终决定降低工资，超过13%人仍然失业。
The AEI example is only one of hundreds around the country which forge intelligently ahead into the latest technology, but leave the majority of their workers behind.
AEI的例子只是美国数百家企业中的一个。这些企业聪明地在最新技术领域取得领先，但却把大部分员工甩在了身后。
- AEIAssociated Electrical Industries <英>联合电气工业公司; automatic error interrogation 自动错误质询; average efficiency index 平均效率指数
- no longer不再，已不
- there are有
- A plant内应
- follow-up survey追踪调查
- one year1年
- or better趋好委托
- more than超过; 不只是; 很; 在…次以上
- out of work失业
- only one有一无二
Its beginnings obscured by unemployment caused by the world economic slow-down, the new technological unemployment may emerge as the great socio-economic challenge of the end of the 20th century. One corporation economist says the growth of “machine job replacement” has been with us since the beginning of the industrial revolution, but never at the pace it is now. The human costs will be astonishing.
它的开端被世界经济放缓造成的失业遮蔽，新技术失业可能成为20世纪末巨大的社会经济挑战。一位公司经济学家说，“机器作业替换”的增长从工业革命开始就一直伴随着我们，但是从来没有像现在这么快。人类的代价将是惊人的。
- beginnings开始( beginning的名词复数 ); 根源; 原始思想; 前兆
- obscured使…模糊不清，掩盖( obscure的过去式和过去分词 )
- slow-down减慢速度，怠工
- technological unemployment因工业发展所造成的失业
- socio-economic社会经济学的
- end of有效期限
- economist经济学家，经济专家
- has been已经
- industrial revolution工业革命
- astonishing使人吃惊的，惊人的; 使…诧异(astonish的ing形式)
“It’s humiliating to be done out of your job by a machine and there is no way to fight back, but it is the effort to find a new job that really hurts.” Some workers, like Jane Matheson, are retrained to handle the new equipment, but often a whole new set of skills is required and that means a new, and invariably smaller set of workers.
“用机器干掉你的工作很丢脸，没有办法反击，但是找到一份新工作真的很痛苦。”一些工人，像简·马西森，被重新训练来操作新设备，但是通常需要一整套新的技能，这意味着新的，而且总是更小的一组工人。
- humiliating丢脸的; 羞辱性的; “humiliate”的现在分词
- be done完毕
- out of由于; 用…; 自…离开; 得自
- there is那儿有; 有着
- no way决不
- fight back反击; 抵抗; 强忍住; 恢复
- Matheson马西森取自父名，来源于Matthew,含义是“马修之子”(son of Matthew); 马西森
- retrained重新教育，再教育( retrain的过去式和过去分词 )
- set of一套…
- and that而且，并且
“It’s humiliating to be done out of your job by a machine and there is no way to fight back, but it is the effort to find a new job that really hurts.” Some workers, like Jane Matheson, are retrained to handle the new equipment, but often a whole new set of skills is required and that means a new, and invariably smaller set of workers.
“用机器干掉你的工作很丢脸，没有办法反击，但是找到一份新工作真的很痛苦。”一些工人，像简·马西森，被重新训练来操作新设备，但是通常需要一整套新的技能，这意味着新的，而且总是更小的一组工人。
- humiliating丢脸的; 羞辱性的; “humiliate”的现在分词
- be done完毕
- out of由于; 用…; 自…离开; 得自
- there is那儿有; 有着
- no way决不
- fight back反击; 抵抗; 强忍住; 恢复
- Matheson马西森取自父名，来源于Matthew,含义是“马修之子”(son of Matthew); 马西森
- retrained重新教育，再教育( retrain的过去式和过去分词 )
- set of一套…
- and that而且，并且
The old workers, trapped by their limited skills, often never regain their old status and employment. Many drift into marginal areas. They feel no pride in their new work. They get badly paid for it and they feel miserable, but still they are luckier than those who never find it.
老工人被他们有限的技能所困住，往往无法恢复他们原有的地位和工作。许多漂移到边缘地区。他们对自己的新工作毫不感到自豪。他们为此付出了沉重的代价，他们感到痛苦，但他们仍然比那些从未找到过的人幸运。
The social costs go far beyond the welfare and unemployment payments made by the government. Unemployment increases the chances of divorce, child abuse, and alcoholism, a new federal survey shows. Some experts say the problem is only temporary... that new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys.
社会成本远远超出了政府的福利和失业救济金。一项新的联邦调查显示，失业增加了离婚、虐待儿童和酗酒的机会。一些专家说这个问题只是暂时的…这项新技术最终会创造和它破坏的一样多的就业机会。
- marginal边的，边缘的; 旁注的; 临界的，最低限度的; 收入仅敷支出的
- pride in以…为傲
- luckierlucky的比较级形式
- social costs社会成本
- go far扬名
- made by由…制造
- child abuse摧残儿童，虐待儿童
- alcoholism酗酒; 酒精中毒
- new technology新技术
- as many一样多
But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there will be a simple and direct net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done. “We should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure.
但未来学家处女膜西摩说，新技术惊人的效率意味着，将有一个简单和直接的净减少的人力劳动量，需要做的事。“我们应该把这当作给人们更多闲暇的机会。
It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new unanimity on the division and distribution of labor,” Seymour says. He predicts most people will work only six-hour days and four-day weeks by the end of the century. But the concern of the unemployed is for now.
这可能不是件容易的事，但社会将不得不对劳动分工和分配达成新的一致意见。”Seymour说。他预测，到本世纪末，大多数人的工作时间只有六小时和四天。但失业者的担忧是现在。
- new technology新技术
- simple and direct简捷；痛痛快快
- net reduction网化简
- in the amount of总金额计…；金额为…
- be done完毕
- may not不见得；不可以；未必；不得
- have to必须; 不得不，只好; 只得; 不得已
- of labor劳力波动
- by the end of到…为止
- for now<口>暂时，目前，眼下
Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs for laid-off workers are under way, but few experts believe they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology. For the next few years, for a substantial portion of the workforce, times are going to be very tough indeed.
联邦政府资助的针对下岗工人的培训和免费返校项目正在进行中，但是很少有专家相信他们能够跟上新技术的步伐。在接下来的几年里，对于劳动力的很大一部分，时间确实是非常艰难的。
- Federally同盟地; 联邦地; 联邦政府地; 在联邦政府一级
- funded成为有固定利息的长期借款的
- laid-off workers下岗工人
- under way已经开始并进行着; 启航
- be able to能够; 能，会; 克
- keep up with紧跟; 跟上， 不落人之后; 齐肩并进
- new technology新技术
- substantial大量的; 结实的，牢固的; 重大的; 本质; 重要材料
- workforce全体员工; 劳动力; 劳动大军; 劳动人口
- going to be将成为
写在最后
如果大家觉得对你有些帮助，欢迎给与打赏或点赞关注，以及订阅我的每日阅读 专栏，后面我将持续阅读，持续输出。
作者：新海
11月18日午
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