总流程图
Activity启动流程.jpg
启动
我们在代码中启动Activity都使用 Context.startActivity()的方式；来启动Activity。那么在这个过程中到底发生了什么？跟着源码来看一下。
首先Context.startActivity()之后会调用Conetxt的子类ContextWrapper，这是一个Context的包装类。Context还有一个子类是ContextImpl，这是Context的实现子类。
在ContextWrapper中的代码是这样的：
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
mBase.startActivity(intent);
}
其中mBase就是Attach进来的Context，他的实现就是在ContextImpl里面。
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, Bundle options) {
warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
if ((intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) == 0) {
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(
"Calling startActivity() from outside of an Activity "
+ " context requires the FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK flag."
+ " Is this really what you want?");
}
mMainThread.getInstrumentation().execStartActivity(
getOuterContext(), mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), null,
(Activity) null, intent, -1, options);
}
在这个方法内部会调用Instrumentation。这个类封装着Activity的各种操作。所以在这边跳转到Instrumentation.execStartActivity()的执行方法。
public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
...
...
try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess();
int result = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
requestCode, 0, null, options);
checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
}
return null;
}
在这个方法里面有这么一绝ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startActivity() 我们看一下ActivityManagerNative 是什么东西.
ActivityManagerNative类的定义是这样的：
public abstract class ActivityManagerNative extends Binder implements IActivityManager{}
这边ActivityManagerNative是一个典型的Binder对象，继承Binder并实现一个接口。这边如果不理解Binder，建议先去学习了解Binder，了解Android的IPC机制。4大组件底层的启动大部分都是通过Binder进行关联启动。
如果了解Binder，那我们继续下去，我们在写AIDL的时候，IDE自动帮我们生成Binder代码，我们知道Binder有两个内容，一个是Stub，用来服务端通信的，还有一个Proxy代理用来客户端信息。而ActivityManagerNative本身就是一个Stub，它是由Google自己写的一个Binder。ActivityManagerNative 里面也有一个Proxy。就是ActivityManagerProxy。
class ActivityManagerProxy implements IActivityManager{
private IBinder mRemote;
public ActivityManagerProxy(IBinder remote)
{
mRemote = remote;
}
public IBinder asBinder()
{
return mRemote;
}
.....
}
看这个跟IDE自动生成的代码是一样的。
我们接着上面的分析，在ContextImpl中ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()，实际上是一由一个自己封装Singleton单例对象。在get()的时候如果是第一次则会调用create().
static public IActivityManager getDefault() {
return gDefault.get();
}
private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault = new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
protected IActivityManager create() {
IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity");
if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service binder = " + b);
}
IActivityManager am = asInterface(b);
if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service = " + am);
}
return am;
}
};
Singleton.java
public abstract class Singleton<T> {
private T mInstance;
protected abstract T create();
public final T get() {
synchronized (this) {
if (mInstance == null) {
mInstance = create();
}
return mInstance;
}
}
}
在这里将获取的IBinder转成IActivityManager 对象。ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startActivity()实际上是调用IActivityManager.startActivity(). 由上面分析的Binder，我们可以知道IActivityManager.startActivity()就是从客户端调用startActivity，也就是在Proxy里面调用startActivity()。
ActivityManagerProxy.startActivity:
public int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage, Intent intent,
String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options) throws RemoteException {
...
mRemote.transact(START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION, data, reply, 0);
reply.readException();
int result = reply.readInt();
reply.recycle();
data.recycle();
return result;
}
参数一大堆，看我们关心的mRemote.transact()方法，回调到AMN的onTransact方法里。
@Override
public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags)
throws RemoteException {
switch (code) {
case START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION:
{
data.enforceInterface(IActivityManager.descriptor);
IBinder b = data.readStrongBinder();
IApplicationThread app = ApplicationThreadNative.asInterface(b);
String callingPackage = data.readString();
Intent intent = Intent.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
String resolvedType = data.readString();
IBinder resultTo = data.readStrongBinder();
String resultWho = data.readString();
int requestCode = data.readInt();
int startFlags = data.readInt();
ProfilerInfo profilerInfo = data.readInt() != 0
? ProfilerInfo.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data) : null;
Bundle options = data.readInt() != 0
? Bundle.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data) : null;
int result = startActivity(app, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType,
resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, options);
reply.writeNoException();
reply.writeInt(result);
return true;
}
}
}
这里调的startActivity实际上是调用ActivityManagerService中的startActivity，AMS是ActivityManagerNative的具体实现类。
@Override
public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options) {
return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, resultTo,
resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, options,
UserHandle.getCallingUserId());
}
内部接着调用startActivityAsUser()。
@Override
public final int startActivityAsUser(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options, int userId) {
enforceNotIsolatedCaller("startActivity");
userId = handleIncomingUser(Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid(), userId,
false, ALLOW_FULL_ONLY, "startActivity", null);
// TODO: Switch to user app stacks here.
return mStackSupervisor.startActivityMayWait(caller, -1, callingPackage, intent,
resolvedType, null, null, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags,
profilerInfo, null, null, options, false, userId, null, null);
}
这边重点看mStackSupervisor.startActivityMayWait()这个方法。ActivityStackSupervisor 这个类有点像工具类，封装Activity的各种操作。看一下startActivityMayWait这个方法做了什么。
final int startActivityMayWait(...){
...
// Collect information about the target of the Intent.
//收集目标Activity的信息.
ActivityInfo aInfo =
resolveActivity(intent, resolvedType, startFlags, profilerInfo, userId);
...
synchronized (mService) {
...
//启动Activity
int res = startActivityLocked(caller, intent, resolvedType, aInfo,
voiceSession, voiceInteractor, resultTo, resultWho,
requestCode, callingPid, callingUid, callingPackage,
realCallingPid, realCallingUid, startFlags, options, ignoreTargetSecurity,
componentSpecified, null, container, inTask);
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
...
}
...
}
这个方法也是一大堆参数。先不去管他，看具体的实现，首先是收集目标Activity的信息，然后接着调用startActivityLocked。
final int startActivityLocked(...){
...
if (err != ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS) {
if (resultRecord != null) {
//这个干吗？最后回调onActivityResult，就是说startActivity最后还是会调用startActivityForResult
resultStack.sendActivityResultLocked(-1,
resultRecord, resultWho, requestCode,
Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null);
}
ActivityOptions.abort(options);
return err;
}
...
//也是调用startActivityUncheckedLocked方法.
doPendingActivityLaunchesLocked(false);
// 从这进去
err = startActivityUncheckedLocked(r, sourceRecord, voiceSession, voiceInteractor,
startFlags, true, options, inTask);
...
}
startActivityLocked这个方法很长，重点看着几个，这里面有好几次调用到resultStack.sendActivityResultLocked，而这个方法最终回调onActivityResult。
往下看这里最后调startActivityUncheckedLocked方法。
startActivityUncheckedLocked 也是一个大方法，最后是调用resumeTopActivitiesLocked(targetStack, null, options);过程就不看，代码太多太复杂。
boolean resumeTopActivitiesLocked(ActivityStack targetStack, ActivityRecord target,
Bundle targetOptions) {
...
boolean result = false;
if (isFrontStack(targetStack)) {
result = targetStack.resumeTopActivityLocked(target, targetOptions);
}
...
}
回调到ActivityStack的resumeTopActivityLocked。
final boolean resumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecord prev, Bundle options) {
...
try{
...
result = resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(prev, options);
}
...
}
回调resumeTopActivityInnerLocked，这个方法也是一个大方法，代码很多，在这里面进行一系列判断操作后调用mStackSupervisor.startSpecificActivityLocked又回到ActivityStackSupervisor中去了。
而在startSpecificActivityLocked方法中调用realStartActivityLocked这个方法
final boolean realStartActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r,
ProcessRecord app, boolean andResume, boolean checkConfig)
throws RemoteException {
...
//启动Activity
app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity(new Intent(r.intent), r.appToken,
System.identityHashCode(r), r.info, new Configuration(mService.mConfiguration),
new Configuration(stack.mOverrideConfig), r.compat, r.launchedFromPackage,
task.voiceInteractor, app.repProcState, r.icicle, r.persistentState, results,
newIntents, !andResume, mService.isNextTransitionForward(), profilerInfo);
...
}
这边开始调用app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity,这个是回到应用进程中去。这里的app.thread是IApplicationThread。而在ActivityManagerNative里的START_SERVICE_TRANSACTION有这句： IApplicationThread app = ApplicationThreadNative.asInterface(b); 我们的这个app.thread也是ApplicationThreadNative里的Binder。这边又是一个Binder对象。
同样ApplicationThreadNative也是一个Stub，里面的ApplicationThreadProxy是一个Proxy。所以这里app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity()实际是ApplicationThreadNative.scheduleLaunchActivity().
public final void scheduleLaunchActivity(...){
...
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
回调到ApplicationThreadNative 的onTransact中：
case SCHEDULE_LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION:
{
...
scheduleLaunchActivity(intent, b, ident, info, curConfig, overrideConfig, compatInfo,
referrer, voiceInteractor, procState, state, persistentState, ri, pi,
notResumed, isForward, profilerInfo);
return true;
}
scheduleLaunchActivity的具体实现是在applicationThread中：
@Override
public final void scheduleLaunchActivity(...){
...
sendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY, r);
}
这边通过sendMessage()发送消息，由H来处理，H是系统的Handler。
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStart");
final ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord) msg.obj;
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo);
handleLaunchActivity(r, null);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break;
}
}
调用handleLaunchActivity，在handleLaunchActivity里面是：
private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
...
//准备启动Activity
Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
if (a != null) {
...
//处理onResume方法
handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
!r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed);
}
}
performLaunchActivity 准备启动。
private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
//获取待启动的Activity的信息.
ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo;
...
//通过newActivity方式使用类加载器创建Activity对象.
Activity activity = null;
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
if (r.state != null) {
r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
//通过makeApplication方法创建Application.
try {
Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);
...
if (r.isPersistable()) {
//回调onCreate()
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state, r.persistentState);
} else {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);
}
...
if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
//回调onStart。
activity.performStart();
r.stopped = false;
}
...
}
...
}
又回到 Instrumentation 中调用callActivityOnCreate;
public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle,
PersistableBundle persistentState) {
prePerformCreate(activity);
activity.performCreate(icicle, persistentState);
postPerformCreate(activity);
}
activity.performCreate 调用Activity的performCreate。
final void performCreate(Bundle icicle, PersistableBundle persistentState) {
restoreHasCurrentPermissionRequest(icicle);
onCreate(icicle, persistentState);
mActivityTransitionState.readState(icicle);
performCreateCommon();
}
至此Activity启动成功并调用onCreate().
那Activity生命周期里接下去调用onStart()方法。我们看performLaunchActivity在callActivityOnCreate后面还调用了performStart()，就是回调onStart()方法。
onResume()方法在哪里回调，我们看handleLaunchActivity方法里面在调用performLaunchActivity之后还调用了handleResumeActivity()，这个就是回调onResume()的方法。其他的生命周期方法也是一样的模式。至此Activity启动源码阅读结束
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