rabbitmq06 交换机

交换机

• direct（直连交换机）
• topic（主题交换机）
• headers（头部交换机）
• fanout（扇形交换机）

扇形交换机

• 声明一个扇形交换机type='fanout'

 channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs',
                         type='fanout')

• 查看声明是否成功

[root@tencent1 sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl list_exchanges
Listing exchanges ...
fanout_exchange fanout

• 发送消息时指定对应的exchange

channel.basic_publish(exchange='fanout_exchange',
                      routing_key="",
                      body="message")

• 声明两个队列并使用channel.queue_bind进行绑定

channel.queue_declare("queue1")
channel.queue_declare("queue2")
channel.queue_bind(exchange="fanout_exchange",queue="queue1")
channel.queue_bind(exchange="fanout_exchange",queue='queue2')

• 查看绑定情况

./rabbitmqctl list_bindings
Listing bindings ...
fanout_exchange exchange    queue1  queue   queue1  []
fanout_exchange exchange    queue2  queue   queue2  []
...done.

• 仅仅往exchange中发送消息(需要注意的是，扇形交换机会忽略routing_key值)

channel.basic_publish(exchange='fanout_exchange',
                      routing_key="", 
                      body="message")

• 查看队列中的消息状态

[root@tencent1 sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl list_queues name messages_ready messages_unacknowledged 
Listing queues ...
queue1  1   0
queue2  1   0
...done.

direct直连交换机

• 声明direct交换机

channel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_exchange",exchange_type="direct")

• 声明三个队列，并设置不同的两个routing_key

channel.queue_declare(queue="direct_queue1")
channel.queue_declare(queue="direct_queue2")
channel.queue_declare(queue="direct_queue3")
channel.queue_bind(exchange="direct_exchange",queue="direct_queue1",routing_key="red")
channel.queue_bind(exchange="direct_exchange",queue="direct_queue2",routing_key="red")
channel.queue_bind(exchange="direct_exchange",queue="direct_queue2",routing_key="blue")
channel.queue_bind(exchange="direct_exchange",queue="direct_queue3",routing_key="blue")

• 发送消息

channel.basic_publish(exchange="direct_exchange",
                      routing_key="red",
                      body="red_message")

channel.basic_publish(exchange="direct_exchange",
                      routing_key="blue",
                      body="blue_message")

• 查看结果

[root@tencent1 sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl list_queues name messages_ready messages_unacknowledged 
Listing queues ...
direct_queue1   1   0
direct_queue2   2   0
direct_queue3   1   0
...done.

topic交换机

• topic交换机能够涵盖扇形交换机和直连交换机的功能。主要是通过灵活的定义routing_key进行实现
• 定义一个topic交换机

channel.exchange_declare(exchange="topic_exchange",exchange_type="topic")

• 声明三个队列，并灵活使用routing_key和交换机进行绑定

channel.queue_declare(queue="topic_queue1")
channel.queue_declare(queue="topic_queue2")
channel.queue_declare(queue="topic_queue3")

# 当routing_key=“一个任意单词.orange.一个任意单词”
channel.queue_bind(exchange="topic_exchange",queue="topic_queue1",routing_key="*.red.*")
# 当routing_key=“任意值”
channel.queue_bind(exchange="topic_exchange",queue="topic_queue2",routing_key="#")
# 当routing_key=“一个任意单词.orange.0个或1一个任意单词”
channel.queue_bind(exchange="topic_exchange",queue="topic_queue3",routing_key="*.red.#")

• 发送消息

# 三个队列都会接收到消息
channel.basic_publish(exchange="topic_exchange",
                      routing_key="n1.red.n3",
                      body="topic_message")

# 只有queue2和queue3能够接受到消息
channel.basic_publish(exchange="topic_exchange",
                      routing_key="n1.red",
                      body="topic_message")
# 只有queue2能够接受到消息
channel.basic_publish(exchange="topic_exchange",
                      routing_key="hjdasoij",
                      body="topic_message")