原文载于FORTUNE杂志：http://www.fortune.com/2019/03/07/philadelphia-cashless-cash-ban-law-credit-card-debit/

Philadelphia Becomes the the First Major U.S. City to Ban Cashless Stores and Restaurants

By ALYSSA NEWCOMB
7:20 PM EST

• cashless
  （adj）无现款的，无现金的，无钱的;
• backlash
  (N-SING) 强烈反应；强烈抵制；激烈反对 A backlash against a tendency or recent development in society or politics, is a sudden, strong reaction against it.
• cash
  ① (N-UNCOUNT) 现金;现款 Cash is money in the form of notes and coins rather than cheques.
  ② (N-UNCOUNT) (尤指现成的)资金，钱 Cash means the same as money, especially money which is immediately available.
  ③ (VERB) 兑现(支票) If you cash a cheque, you exchange it at a bank for the amount of money that it is worth.
• council
  ① (N-COUNT-COLL; N-IN-NAMES) 市政委员会;地方议会 A council is a group of people who are elected to govern a local area such as a city or, in Britain, a county.
  ② (ADJ) (房屋或公寓)地方政府出租的 Council houses or flats are owned by the local council, and people pay rent to live in them.
• sign
  ① (N-COUNT) 符号;记号 A sign is a mark or shape that always has a particular meaning, for example in mathematics or music.
  ② (N-COUNT) (示意的)动作，姿势，手势 A sign is a movement of your arms, hands, or head which is intended to have a particular meaning.
  ③ (VERB) 打手势语;为(节目或表演)配手语 If you sign, you communicate with someone using sign language. If a programme or performance is signed, someone uses sign language so that deaf people can understand it.
  ④ (N-COUNT) 招牌;标牌;指示牌;告示牌;标志 A sign is a piece of wood, metal, or plastic with words or pictures on it. Signs give you information about something, or give you a warning or an instruction.
  ⑤ (N-VAR) 迹象;征兆;表象;痕迹 If there is a sign of something, there is something which shows that it exists or is happening.
  ⑥ (VERB) 在…上签名;在…上签字;签署 When you sign a document, you write your name on it, usually at the end or in a special space. You do this to indicate that you have written the document, that you agree with what is written, or that you were present as a witness.
  ⑦ (V-ERG) (和…)签约 If an organization signs someone or if someone signs for an organization, they sign a contract agreeing to work for that organization for a specified period of time.
• legislation
  (N-UNCOUNT) 法律；法规 Legislation consists of a law or laws passed by a government.
• compliant
  (ADJ-GRADED) 服从的;顺从的;俯首帖耳的 If you say that someone is compliant, you mean they willingly do what they are asked to do.
• risk
  ① (N-VAR) 风险;危险 If there is a risk of something unpleasant, there is a possibility that it will happen.
  ② (N-COUNT) 有风险的事 If something that you do is a risk, it might have unpleasant or undesirable results.
  ③ (N-COUNT) 冒险行为;威胁;隐患;危险的人 If you say that something or someone is a risk, you mean they are likely to cause harm.
  ④ (N-COUNT) 贷款对象;赊销对象 If you are considered a good risk, a bank or shop thinks that it is safe to lend you money or let you have goods without paying for them at the time.
  ⑤ (VERB) 冒着…的危险;担着…的风险 If you risk something unpleasant, you do something which might result in that thing happening or affecting you.
  ⑥ (VERB) 冒险(做…) If you risk doing something, you do it, even though you know that it might have undesirable consequences.
  ⑦ (VERB) 冒着（失去生命等）的危险 If you risk your life or something else important, you behave in a way that might result in it being lost or harmed.
• unintentionally
  （adv）非故意地，非存心地; 无意之中;
• discriminating
  有识别力的;有鉴赏力的;敏锐的 Someone who is discriminating has the ability to recognize things that are of good quality.
• community
  ① (N-SING-COLL) (同住一地的人所构成的)社区 The community is all the people who live in a particular area or place.
  ② (N-COUNT-COLL) 群体;团体 A particular community is a group of people who are similar in some way.
  ③ (N-UNCOUNT) (不同人士、团体之间的)友谊，伙伴关系 Community is friendship between different people or groups, and a sense of having something in common.
• debit
  ① (VERB) 记入（账户）的借方 When your bank debits your account, money is taken from it and paid to someone else.
  ② (N-COUNT) (银行账户的)借记，借入 A debit is a record of the money taken from your bank account, for example when you write a cheque.
• credit card
  (N-COUNT) 信用卡 A credit card is a plastic card that you use to buy goods on credit.
• purchase
  ① (VERB) 买；购买；采购 When you purchase something, you buy it.
  ② (N-UNCOUNT) 购买行为 The purchase of something is the act of buying it.
  ③ (N-COUNT) 所购之物；购置物 A purchase is something that you buy.
  ④ (N-UNCOUNT) 紧握；牢牢抓住 If you get a purchase on something, you manage to get a firm grip on it.
• appealing
  ① (ADJ-GRADED) 有吸引力的;有趣的;动人的 Someone or something that is appealing is pleasing and attractive.
  ② (ADJ) （表情、语气）恳求的，哀求的 An appealing expression or tone of voice indicates to someone that you want help, advice, or approval.
• private
  ① (ADJ) （产业、服务）私立的，私有的，私营的，民营的 Private industries and services are owned or controlled by an individual person or a commercial company, rather than by the state or an official organization.
  ② (ADJ) 个人的；私人的 Private individuals are acting only for themselves, and are not representing any group, company, or organization.
  ③ (ADJ) （财物等）个人所有的，私有的，私人的 Your private things belong only to you, or may only be used by you.
  ④ (ADJ) （地方、聚会等）非公开的，私人的 Private places or gatherings may be attended only by a particular group of people, rather than by the general public.
  ⑤ (ADJ) （会议、讨论、活动等）秘密的，私下的 Private meetings, discussions, and other activities involve only a small number of people, and very little information about them is given to other people.
  ⑥ (ADJ) （生活）私人的，个人的，与工作无关的 Your private life is that part of your life that is concerned with your personal relationships and activities, rather than with your work or business.
• retailer
  (N-COUNT) 零售商;零售店 A retailer is a person or business that sells goods to the public.
• spouse
  (N-COUNT) 配偶 Someone's spouse is the person they are married to.
• negate
  ① (VERB) 取消;使无效 If one thing negates another, it causes that other thing to lose the effect or value that it had.
  ② (VERB) 否认…之存在;否定 If someone negates something, they say that it does not exist.
• in the event
  如果，以防，在……情况下
• breach
  ① (VERB) 违反，破坏（条约、法律或承诺） If you breach an agreement, a law, or a promise, you break it.
  ② (N-VAR) （对条约、法律或承诺的）违反，破坏 A breach of an agreement, a law, or a promise is an act of breaking it.
  ③ (N-COUNT) （关系的）裂痕，破裂 A breach in a relationship is a serious disagreement which often results in the relationship ending.
  ④ (VERB) 突破；攻破；给…造成缺口 If someone or something breaches a barrier, they make an opening in it, usually leaving it weakened or destroyed.
  ⑤ (VERB) 突破，攻破（防卫） If you breach someone's security or their defences, you manage to get through and attack an area that is heavily guarded and protected.
• leak
  ① (V-ERG) 漏；渗漏；泄漏 If a container leaks, there is a hole or crack in it which lets a substance such as liquid or gas escape. You can also say that a container leaks a substance such as liquid or gas.
  ② (N-COUNT) 裂缝；漏隙；漏洞 A leak is a crack, hole, or other gap that a substance such as a liquid or gas can pass through.
  ③ (V-ERG) 走漏；泄露；透露 If a secret document or piece of information leaks or is leaked, someone lets the public know about it.
• hacker
  ① (N-COUNT) （尤指盗取他人计算机系统中保密信息的）黑客 A computer hacker is someone who tries to break into computer systems, especially in order to get secret information.
  ② (N-COUNT) 黑客（指沉迷于电脑之中，无暇顾及其他的电脑迷） A computer hacker is someone who uses a computer a lot, especially so much that they have no time to do anything else.
• tender
  ① (ADJ-GRADED) 温柔的;慈爱的;体贴的;柔软的 Someone or something that is tender expresses gentle and caring feelings.
  ② (ADJ-GRADED) (年龄)幼小的，无知的 If you say that someone does something at a tender age, you mean that they do it when they are still young and have not had much experience.
  ③ (ADJ-GRADED) (肉等食品)软的，嫩的，易咀嚼的 Meat or other food that is tender is easy to cut or chew.
  ④ (ADJ-GRADED) （身体部位）敏感的，疼痛的，一碰就疼的 If part of your body is tender, it is sensitive and painful when it is touched.
  ⑤(N-VAR) 投标 A tender is a formal offer to supply goods or to do a particular job, and a statement of the price that you or your company will charge. If a contract is put out to tender, formal offers are invited. If a company wins a tender, their offer is accepted.
  ⑥(VERB) 投标;参与竞标 If a company tenders for something, it makes a formal offer to supply goods or do a job for a particular price.
  ⑦(VERB) 提出;递交;呈交;缴纳 If you tender something such as a suggestion, your resignation, or money, you formally offer or present it.
• concept
  (N-COUNT) 概念;观念 A concept is an idea or abstract principle.
• chain
  ① (N-COUNT) 链条;链子 A chain consists of metal rings connected together in a line.
  ② (N-PLURAL) 手铐；镣铐 If prisoners are in chains, they have thick rings of metal round their wrists or ankles to prevent them from escaping.
  ③ (N-PLURAL) 约束;羁绊;顾虑 You can refer to feelings and duties which prevent you from doing what you want to do as chains .
  ④ (VERB) 用链子捆住;把…拴起来 If a person or thing is chained to something, they are fastened to it with a chain.
  ⑤ (N-COUNT) 一连串;一排 A chain of things is a group of them existing or arranged in a line.
  ⑥ (N-COUNT) 连锁店;连锁集团 A chain of shops, hotels, or other businesses is a number of them owned by the same person or company.
  ⑦ (N-SING) 一连串;一系列 A chain of events is a series of them happening one after another.
• option
  ① (N-COUNT) 可选择的事物 An option is something that you can choose to do in preference to one or more alternatives.
  ② (N-SING) 选择；选择权 If you have the option of doing something, you can choose whether to do it or not.
  ③ (N-COUNT) （将来的）购买权，出售权；期权 In business, an option is an agreement or contract that gives someone the right to buy or sell something such as property or shares at a future date.
  ④ (N-COUNT) 选修课 An option is one of a number of subjects which a student can choose to study as a part of his or her course.
• proposal
  ① (N-COUNT) 提议；建议；提案 A proposal is a plan or an idea, often a formal or written one, which is suggested for people to think about and decide upon.
  ② (N-COUNT) 求婚 A proposal is the act of asking someone to marry you.
• curve
  ① (N-COUNT) 曲线;弧线 A curve is a smooth, gradually bending line, for example part of the edge of a circle.
  ② (V-ERG) (使)弯曲;(使)呈曲线形 If something curves, or if someone or something curves it, it has the shape of a curve.
  ③ (VERB) 沿曲线运动 If something curves, it moves in a curve, for example through the air.
  ④ (N-COUNT) (尤指用图表表示的)曲线变化 You can refer to a change in something as a particular curve, especially when it is represented on a graph.