背景

我们在之前学习了如何将Xml文件进行配置的解析，将Xml文件转换成DefaultListableBeanFactory中的beanDefinitionMap等全局变量中，我们现在学习如何加载Bean。

加载Bean

首先我们回顾下之前的测试代码

public class BeanFactoryTest {
    @Test
    public void testSimpleLoad(){
        BeanFactory beanFactory = new XmlBeanFactory(new ClassPathResource("beanFactoryTest.xml"));
        MyTestBean bean = (MyTestBean)beanFactory.getBean("myTestBean");
        Assert.assertEquals("testStr", bean.getTestStr());
    }
}

我们的加载Bean的代码就是beanFactory.getBean("myTestBean")，我们走进去首先执行的是AbstractBeanFactory的getBean(String name)方法，然后走到doGetBean方法，我们具体看下代码：

@Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
    return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
                          @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
    
    //首先对Bean名称进行规范化
    final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
    Object bean;

    //尝试从缓存中获取或者singletonFactory中获取
    Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
    if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +    "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
            }
            else {
                logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
        }
        // 返回对应的实例
        bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
    }

    else {
        // 验证是否循环依赖
        if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
            throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
        }

        // 如果当前Factory的BeanDefinitionMap不包含当前beanName，则会从parentFactory上查找
        BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
        if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
            String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
            if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
                return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
                        nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
            }
            else if (args != null) {
                return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
            }
            else {
                return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
            }
        }

        if (!typeCheckOnly) {
            markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
        }

        try {
            final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
            checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

            // Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
            String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
            if (dependsOn != null) {
                for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                    if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
                    }
                    registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
                    try {
                        getBean(dep);
                    }
                    catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                "'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
                    }
                }
            }

            // Create bean instance.
            if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
                    try {
                        return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                    }
                    catch (BeansException ex) {
                        // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
                        // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
                        // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
                        destroySingleton(beanName);
                        throw ex;
                    }
                });
                bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }

            else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
                // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
                Object prototypeInstance = null;
                try {
                    beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                    prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                }
                finally {
                    afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                }
                bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }

            else {
                String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
                final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
                if (scope == null) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
                }
                try {
                    Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                        beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        try {
                            return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                        }
                        finally {
                            afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        }
                    });
                    bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }
                catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                            "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
                                    "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
                            ex);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (BeansException ex) {
            cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    // 对bean进行类型转换输出
    if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
        try {
            T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
            if (convertedBean == null) {
                throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
            }
            return convertedBean;
        }
        catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                        ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
            }
            throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
        }
    }
    return (T) bean;
}

我们看到上面bean的加载有些复杂，但是可以总结成大的四个步骤，1：对名称和别名进行规范化处理，即transformedBeanName方法。2：尝试从单例缓存或者单例Factory中查找，即getSingleton方法。3：如果当前Factory不包含bean的话从parentFactory递归去获取数据。4：对bean类型进行转换。这里四个步骤只是Bean的加载流程，具体的bean都是走到getObjectForBeanInstance方法，我们下一节将对getObjectForBeanInstance方法进行解析。