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go实现邮箱激活token

go实现邮箱激活token

作者: 苍老师的眼泪 | 来源:发表于2020-05-05 12:50 被阅读0次

    实现要求:

    1. token必须独一无二,放在数据库索引列中
    2. token未被使用的情况下必须长期有效,所以token要有足够的安全性抵御暴力破解(cryptographically secure)
    3. token必须能放在url中
    4. token的长度相对固定

    设计思路:

    1. token的唯一性用生成的uuid来保证
      https://golangnote.com/topic/177.html
      示例代码:
    package main
    
     import (
        "crypto/rand"
        "fmt"
        "time"
     )
    
     func main() {
        // 生成32位的时间戳
        unix32bits := uint32(time.Now().UTC().Unix())
    
        buff := make([]byte, 12)
    
        numRead, err := rand.Read(buff)
    
        if numRead != len(buff) || err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
    
        fmt.Printf("%x-%x-%x-%x-%x-%x", unix32bits, buff[0:2], buff[2:4], buff[4:6], buff[6:8], buff[8:])
     }
    
    1. 能否生成密码安全(cryptographically secure)的token需要系统的支持,如果系统不支持,直接panic让整个程序退出运行(硬伤,不然你还有别的办法不成?)
      https://gist.github.com/dopey/c69559607800d2f2f90b1b1ed4e550fb
      示例代码:
    package main
    
    import (
        "crypto/rand"
        "encoding/base64"
        "fmt"
        "io"
    )
    
    // Adapted from https://elithrar.github.io/article/generating-secure-random-numbers-crypto-rand/
    
    func init() {
        assertAvailablePRNG()
    }
    
    func assertAvailablePRNG() {
            // 判断系统支不支持生成密码安全的(cryptographically secure)伪随机数
        buf := make([]byte, 1)
    
        _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, buf)
        if err != nil {
                    //go所运行的系统不支持上述要求
            panic(fmt.Sprintf("crypto/rand is unavailable: Read() failed with %#v", err))
        }
    }
    
    
    func GenerateRandomBytes(n int) ([]byte, error) {
        b := make([]byte, n)
        _, err := rand.Read(b)
        // Note that err == nil only if we read len(b) bytes.
        if err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
    
        return b, nil
    }
    
    // GenerateRandomString returns a securely generated random string.
    // It will return an error if the system's secure random
    // number generator fails to function correctly, in which
    // case the caller should not continue.
    func GenerateRandomString(n int) (string, error) {
        const letters = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-"
        bytes, err := GenerateRandomBytes(n)
        if err != nil {
            return "", err
        }
        for i, b := range bytes {
            bytes[i] = letters[b%byte(len(letters))]
        }
        return string(bytes), nil
    }
    
    
    func GenerateRandomStringURLSafe(n int) (string, error) {
        b, err := GenerateRandomBytes(n)
        return base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(b), err
    }
    
    func main() {
        // 示例: 生成base64编码的44字节的token, 如果不能白为什么32字节进去,出来变成44字节建议先wiki一下base64
        token, err := GenerateRandomStringURLSafe(32)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
        fmt.Println(token)
    
        // 示例: 生成32位的token
        token, err = GenerateRandomString(32)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
        fmt.Println(token)
    }
    

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