npm，cnpm，yarn这三个或许使用Hexo，Hugo，vuepress等静态博客搭建的小伙伴们来说，会经常遇见，会使用它们进行插件，依赖包等的安装、卸载与更新，如果你是前端开发者或者是准备从事前端的话，你会经常与它们三个打交道，下面简单的说说它们三剑客吧！

npm是什么？

npm 为你和你的团队打开了连接整个 JavaScript 天才世界的一扇大门。它是世界上最大的软件注册表，每星期大约有 30 亿次的下载量，包含超过 600000 个 包（package） （即，代码模块）。来自各大洲的开源软件开发者使用 npm 互相分享和借鉴。包的结构使您能够轻松跟踪依赖项和版本。引自npm中文网

npm (node package manager)是 JavaScript 世界的包管理工具，是 Node.js 平台的默认包管理工具，是前端模块化下的一个标志性产物，简单地说，就是通过npm下载模块，复用已有的代码，提高工作效率。

下面是关于 npm 的快速介绍：

npm 由三个独立的部分组成：

• 网站

• 注册表（registry）

• 命令行工具 (CLI)

网站 是开发者查找包（package）、设置参数以及管理 npm 使用体验的主要途径。

注册表 是一个巨大的数据库，保存了每个包（package）的信息。

CLI 通过命令行或终端运行。开发者通过 CLI 与 npm 打交道。

npm常用命令

1. 查看npm的版本

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n23" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm -v #npm -version</pre>

2. 查看npm帮助

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n27" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"># 查看所有的命令帮助
npm help

如果要单独查看install命令的帮助，可以使用下面的命令

npm help install</pre>

3. 查看安装过的所有包

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n31" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm list #列出当前安装过的所有包

或者简写

npm ls
npm ls -g #查看全局安装的模块及依赖 </pre>

4. 本地安装依赖包和全局安装（global）

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n35" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">#安装nodejs的依赖包，默认安装最新版本(本地)
npm install <Package name>

一次性安装多个(本地)

npm install 模块名 模块名

安装指定版本号的依赖包(本地)

npm install <Package name>@version

将包安装到全局环境中

npm install <Package name> -g

根据package.json文件安装

npm install</pre>

5. 卸载依赖包

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n39" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm uninstall <Package name>
npm uninstall gulp --save-dev #卸载开发版本的模块</pre>

6. 安装生产阶段的依赖包

-S, - -save 安装包信息将加入到dependencies（生产阶段的依赖）

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n45" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install gulp --save 或 npm install gulp -S</pre>

package.json文件的 dependencies 字段：

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="json" cid="n47" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">"dependencies": {
"gulp": "^4.0.2"
}</pre>

7. 安装开发阶段的依赖包

-D, --save-dev 安装包信息将加入到devDependencies（开发阶段的依赖），所以开发阶段一般使用它

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n53" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install gulp --save-dev 或 npm install gulp -D</pre>

package.json 文件的devDependencies字段：

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="json" cid="n55" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">"devDependencies": {
"gulp": "^4.0.2"
}</pre>

8. 安装可选阶段的依赖包

-O, --save-optional 安装包信息将加入到optionalDependencies（可选阶段的依赖）

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n61" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install gulp --save-optional 或 npm install gulp -O</pre>

package.json文件的optionalDependencies字段：

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="json" cid="n63" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">"optionalDependencies": {
"gulp": "^4.0.2"
}</pre>

9. 精确安装指定版本依赖包

-E, --save-exact 精确安装指定模块版本

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n69" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install gulp --save-exact 或 npm install gulp -E</pre>

输入命令npm install gulp -ES，留意package.json 文件的 dependencies字段，以看出版本号中的^**消失了。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="json" cid="n71" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">"dependencies": {
"gulp": "4.0.2"
}</pre>

模块的依赖都被写入了package.json文件后，他人打开项目的根目录（项目开源、内部团队合作），使用npm install命令可以根据dependencies配置安装所有的依赖包。

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n73" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install</pre>

image

注意：

npm 的package.json中的~和^

• ~ 会匹配最近的小版本依赖包，比如~1.2.3会匹配所有1.2.x版本，但是不包括1.3.0

• ^ 会匹配最新的大版本依赖包，比如^1.2.3会匹配所有1.x.x的包，包括1.3.0，但是不包括2.0.0

10. 更新依赖包

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n85" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm update <Package name></pre>

11. 检查哪些依赖包是否过时

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n89" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm outdated</pre>

执行上面的命令，会出现如下情况：

image

另外有个检查依赖包更强大的一个第三方工具 npm-check，具体使用方法，请查看它的文档。

11. 查看和管理npm的基础配置

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n96" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm config list -l #查看所有的配置</pre>

12. 清除本地npm cache缓存

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n100" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm cache clean</pre>

12. 初始化项目

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n104" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm init #初始化项目，并在项目文件夹中引导创建一个package.json文件</pre>

其他npm命令可以看NPM中文文档

cnpm是什么？

简单的讲就是中国版的NPM，因为npm安装插件是从国外服务器下载，受网络影响大，可能出现异常，所以我们乐于分享的淘宝团队干了这事。

这是一个完整 npmjs.org 镜像，你可以用此代替官方版本(只读)，同步频率目前为 10分钟 一次以保证尽量与官方服务同步。—来自淘宝 NPM 镜像

如何使用cnpm？

首先就是需要安装cnpm模块，命令如下：

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n112" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org</pre>

cnpm支持可以使用支持npm除publish之外的所有命令。

因为cnpm的仓库只是 npm 仓库的一个拷贝，它不承担 publish 工作，所以执行cnpm publish 命令会失败的。

yarn是什么？

yarn是个包管理器。你可以通过它使用全世界开发者的代码， 或者分享自己的代码。

从 npm 安装软件包并保持相同的包管理流程。

1. 特点：

• 速度超快。

Yarn 缓存了每个下载过的包，所以再次使用时无需重复下载。 同时利用并行下载以最大化资源利用率，因此安装速度更快。

• 超级安全

在执行代码之前，Yarn 会通过算法校验每个安装包的完整性。

• 超级可靠

使用详细、简洁的锁文件格式和明确的安装算法，Yarn 能够保证在不同系统上无差异的工作。

2. 安装

• 通过命令安装

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="bash" cid="n139" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: Cousine, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(30, 32, 34); position: relative !important; width: auto; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">npm install -g yarn</pre>

查看版本：yarn --version

• 通过安装包程序安装

地址：https://classic.yarnpkg.com/zh-Hans/docs/install#windows-stable

3. 常用命令：

• yarn init：初始化项目，会在根目录下生成一个package.json，与npm类似具体不做解释

• yarn add <Package name>：安装依赖包，会自动安装最新版本，会覆盖指定版本号

• yarn add <Package name1> <Package name1>：一次性添加多个包

• yarn add <Package name>@version：添加指定版本的包

• yarn upgrade <Package name>@version：将包更新到指定版本

• yarn upgrade --latest <Package name>：将包更新到最新版本

• yarn remove <Package name>：删除包

• yarn remove <Package name1> <Package name2>：一次性删除多个包

• yarn info <Packagename> ：可以用来查看某个模块的最新版本信息

• yarn install：安装package.json里所有包，并将包及它的所有依赖项保存进yarn.lock

• yarn install --force ：强制重新下载所有包

• yarn install --flat：安装一个包的单一版本

• yarn install --production：只安装dependencies里的包

• yarn install --no-lockfile：不读取或生成yarn.lock

• yarn install --pure-lockfile：不生成yarn.lock

具体详细的命令可以查看官方文档：https://classic.yarnpkg.com/zh-Hans/docs