线程同步:
mutex(可以超时)
rwlock(可以超时)
condition
spinlock
barrier
进程间通讯:
pipe
fifo
posix semaphore
socket
unix socket
XSI IPC:
message queue
semaphore
shared memory
I/O:
record lock(文件锁)
nonblocking
I/O multiplexing
asynchronous I/O
memory-mapped I/O
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