闲来无事温故了下BeautifulSoup和requests，之后又写了个简单的爬虫，网址豆瓣TOP250电影
先附上关键模块文档，对新手还是比较友好的！
这次不总结详细的过程，有兴趣了解的可以看下我之前写的Python爬取豆瓣电子小说或者有兴趣了解scrapy的可以看下我另外一篇Scrapy爬取豆瓣电影TOP250
我们先来看下，requests和bs4怎么结合使用。
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250'
# 使用U-A伪装成浏览器发送请求
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36'}
# 先使用requests发送网络请求从而获取网页
r = requests.get('https://movie.douban.com/top250', headers=headers)
# 使用bs4解析获取的网页
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html.parser')
# 调用prettify()方法来使解析的HTML更加规范化
print(soup.prettify())
解析出来的部分HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="ua-windows ua-webkit" lang="zh-cmn-Hans">
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"/>
<meta content="webkit" name="renderer"/>
<meta content="always" name="referrer"/>
<title>
豆瓣电影 Top 250
</title>
<meta content="cZdR4xxR7RxmM4zE" name="baidu-site-verification">
<meta content="no-cache" http-equiv="Pragma"/>
<meta content="Sun, 6 Mar 2005 01:00:00 GMT" http-equiv="Expires"/>
<link href="https://img3.doubanio.com/f/movie/d59b2715fdea4968a450ee5f6c95c7d7a2030065/pics/movie/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon"/>
<link href="https://img3.doubanio.com/f/shire/da18e98a294047dd92298000fe2080b38efda2ae/css/douban.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<link href="https://img3.doubanio.com/f/shire/ae3f5a3e3085968370b1fc63afcecb22d3284848/css/separation/_all.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<link href="https://img3.doubanio.com/f/movie/8864d3756094f5272d3c93e30ee2e324665855b0/css/movie/base/init.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script type="text/javascript">
分析元素
image
movie_list_soup = soup.find('ol', attrs={'class': 'grid_view'}) #电影列表
movie_name = movie_li.find('span', attrs={'class': 'title'}).get_text() #电影名字
movie_info = movie_li.find('div', attrs={'class': 'bd'}).find('p').get_text() # 电影信息
movie_star = movie_li.find('span', attrs={'class': 'rating_num'}).get_text() # 电影评分
先来看下电影列表
for movie in movie_list.find_all('li'):
movie_name = movie.find('span', attrs={'class': 'title'})
print(movie_name)
<span class="title">肖申克的救赎</span>
<span class="title">霸王别姬</span>
<span class="title">这个杀手不太冷</span>
<span class="title">阿甘正传</span>
<span class="title">美丽人生</span>
<span class="title">千与千寻</span>
<span class="title">辛德勒的名单</span>
<span class="title">泰坦尼克号</span>
<span class="title">盗梦空间</span>
<span class="title">机器人总动员</span>
<span class="title">海上钢琴师</span>
<span class="title">三傻大闹宝莱坞</span>
<span class="title">忠犬八公的故事</span>
<span class="title">放牛班的春天</span>
<span class="title">大话西游之大圣娶亲</span>
调用get_text()获取内容
for movie in movie_list.find_all('li'):
movie_name = movie.find('span', attrs={'class': 'title'})
print(movie_name.get_text())
肖申克的救赎
霸王别姬
这个杀手不太冷
阿甘正传
美丽人生
千与千寻
辛德勒的名单
泰坦尼克号
盗梦空间
机器人总动员
海上钢琴师
三傻大闹宝莱坞
忠犬八公的故事
放牛班的春天
大话西游之大圣娶亲
电影信息，电影评分同理
movie_info = movie.find('div', attrs={'class': 'bd'}).find('p')
print(movie_info.get_text())
导演: 大卫·芬奇 David Fincher 主演: 爱德华·诺顿 Edward Norton / 布拉...
1999 / 美国 德国 / 剧情 动作 悬疑 惊悚
附上完整代码，关于next_page的理解可以看下我的python爬取豆瓣小说
#_*_ coding=utf-8 _*_
'''
爬取豆瓣电影TOP250
'''
import codecs
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
DOWNLOAD_URL = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250'
def download_page(url):
return requests.get(url, headers={
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36'
}).content
def parse_html(html):
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
# 电影列表
movie_list_soup = soup.find('ol', attrs={'class': 'grid_view'})
movie_name_list = []
for movie_li in movie_list_soup.find_all('li'):
movie_name = movie_li.find('span', attrs={'class': 'title'}).get_text()
movie_info = movie_li.find('div', attrs={'class': 'bd'}).find('p').get_text()
movie_star = movie_li.find('span', attrs={'class': 'rating_num'}).get_text()
movie_name_list.append(movie_name)
movie_name_list.append(movie_info)
movie_name_list.append(movie_star)
# 下一页链接
next_page = soup.find('span', attrs={'class': 'next'}).find('a')
if next_page:
return movie_name_list,DOWNLOAD_URL + next_page['href']
return movie_name_list, None
def main():
url = DOWNLOAD_URL
with codecs.open('movies','wb', encoding='utf-8') as f:
while True:
html = download_page(url)
movies, url =parse_html(html)
f.write(u'{movies}\n'.format(movies='\n'.join(movies)))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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