SpringBoot使用Swagger2实现Restful AP

作者: dalaoyang | 来源:发表于2018-04-09 15:23 被阅读619次

    很多时候,我们需要创建一个接口项目用来数据调转,其中不包含任何业务逻辑,比如我们公司。这时我们就需要实现一个具有Restful API的接口项目。

    本文介绍springboot使用swagger2实现Restful API。

    本项目使用mysql+jpa+swagger2。

    首先pom中加入swagger2,代码如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.dalaoyang</groupId>
        <artifactId>springboot_swagger2</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>springboot_swagger2</name>
        <description>springboot_swagger2</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
                <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
                <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    
    </project>
    

    接下来是配置文件,和整合jpa一样。代码如下:

    ##端口号
    server.port=8888
    
    ##数据库配置
    ##数据库地址
    spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
    ##数据库用户名
    spring.datasource.username=root
    ##数据库密码
    spring.datasource.password=root
    ##数据库驱动
    spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    

    创建一个swagger2配置类,简单解释一下,@Configuration注解让spring来加载配置,@EnableSwagger2开启swagger2。

    package com.dalaoyang.config;
    
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
    import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
    import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
    import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
    import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
    import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
    import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
    
    /**
     * @author dalaoyang
     * @Description
     * @project springboot_learn
     * @package com.dalaoyang.config
     * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn
     * @date 2018/4/9
     */
    @Configuration
    @EnableSwagger2
    public class Swagger2Config {
        @Bean
        public Docket createRestApi() {
            return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                    .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                    .select()
                    .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.dalaoyang.swagger"))
                    .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                    .build();
        }
    
        private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
            return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                    .title("使用Swagger2构建RESTful APIs")
                    .description("关注博主博客:https://www.dalaoyang.cn/")
                    .termsOfServiceUrl("https://www.dalaoyang.cn/")
                    .contact("dalaoyang")
                    .version("1.0")
                    .build();
        }
    }
    

    创建一个user类作为model

    package com.dalaoyang.model;
    
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
    
    import javax.persistence.Column;
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
    
    /**
     * @author dalaoyang
     * @Description
     * @project springboot_learn
     * @package com.dalaoyang.model
     * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn
     * @date 2018/4/9
     */
    @Entity
    @ApiModel(description = "user")
    public class User {
    
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "主键id",hidden = true)
        @GeneratedValue
        @Id
        int id;
    
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名称")
        @NotNull
        @Column
        String userName;
    
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户密码")
        @Column
        String userPassword;
    
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getUserName() {
            return userName;
        }
    
        public void setUserName(String userName) {
            this.userName = userName;
        }
    
        public String getUserPassword() {
            return userPassword;
        }
    
        public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) {
            this.userPassword = userPassword;
        }
    
        public User(int id, String userName, String userPassword) {
            this.id=id;
            this.userName = userName;
            this.userPassword = userPassword;
        }
        public User(String userName, String userPassword) {
            this.userName = userName;
            this.userPassword = userPassword;
        }
    
        public User() {
        }
    }
    

    jpa数据操作类UserRepository

    package com.dalaoyang.repository;
    
    import com.dalaoyang.model.User;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    
    /**
     * @author dalaoyang
     * @Description
     * @project springboot_learn
     * @package com.dalaoyang.repository
     * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn
     * @date 2018/4/9
     */
    public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
    
        User findById(int id);
    }
    
    

    然后添加文档内容,其实和写controller一样,只不过方法和参数中间穿插一些注解。

    package com.dalaoyang.swagger;
    
    import com.dalaoyang.model.User;
    import com.dalaoyang.repository.UserRepository;
    import io.swagger.annotations.*;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * @author dalaoyang
     * @Description
     * @project springboot_learn
     * @package com.dalaoyang.swagger
     * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn
     * @date 2018/4/9
     */
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping(value="/users")
    @Api(value="用户操作接口",tags={"用户操作接口"})
    public class UserSwagger {
    
        @Autowired
        UserRepository userRepository;
    
        @ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据用户的id来获取用户详细信息")
        @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer")
        @GetMapping(value="/findById")
        public User findById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){
            User user = userRepository.findById(id);
            return user;
        }
    
        @ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="获取用户列表")
        @GetMapping(value="/getUserList")
        public List getUserList(){
            return userRepository.findAll();
        }
    
    
        @ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户")
        @PostMapping(value="/saveUser")
        public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){
            userRepository.save(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    
        @ApiOperation(value="修改用户", notes="修改用户")
        @ApiImplicitParams({
                @ApiImplicitParam(name="id",value="主键id",required=true,paramType="query",dataType="Integer"),
                @ApiImplicitParam(name="username",value="用户名称",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String"),
                @ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="用户密码",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String")
        })
        @GetMapping(value="/updateUser")
        public String updateUser(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id,@RequestParam(value = "username")String username,
                                 @RequestParam(value = "password")String password){
            User user = new User(id, username, password);
            userRepository.save(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    
    
        @ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据用户的id来删除用户")
        @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer")
        @DeleteMapping(value="/deleteUserById")
        public String deleteUserById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){
            User user = userRepository.findById(id);
            userRepository.delete(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    
    }
    

    启动项目,访问http://localhost:8888/swagger-ui.html,可以看到如下图

    image

    为了方便大家学习观看,我分别用了几种不同的方法写,

    1.删除用户,代码如下

    
    
        @ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据用户的id来删除用户")
        @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer")
        @DeleteMapping(value="/deleteUserById")
        public String deleteUserById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){
            User user = userRepository.findById(id);
            userRepository.delete(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    
    image

    2.获取用户详细信息

     @ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据用户的id来获取用户详细信息")
        @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer")
        @GetMapping(value="/findById")
        public User findById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){
            User user = userRepository.findById(id);
            return user;
        }
    
    image

    3.获取用户列表

    @ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="获取用户列表")
        @GetMapping(value="/getUserList")
        public List getUserList(){
            return userRepository.findAll();
        }
    
    image

    4.保存用户

    @ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户")
        @PostMapping(value="/saveUser")
        public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){
            userRepository.save(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    
    image

    5.修改用户

       @ApiOperation(value="修改用户", notes="修改用户")
        @ApiImplicitParams({
                @ApiImplicitParam(name="id",value="主键id",required=true,paramType="query",dataType="Integer"),
                @ApiImplicitParam(name="username",value="用户名称",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String"),
                @ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="用户密码",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String")
        })
        @PutMapping(value="/updateUser")
        public String updateUser(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id,@RequestParam(value = "username")String username,
                                 @RequestParam(value = "password")String password){
            User user = new User(id, username, password);
            userRepository.save(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    
    image

    然后给大家分享一下我之前学习时记录在有道云笔记的关于swagger2的使用说明,原创作者是谁,我也记不清了。如果原创作者看到的话,可以私聊我,我给您的名字加上,抱歉。

    @Api:用在请求的类上,表示对类的说明
        tags="说明该类的作用,可以在UI界面上看到的注解"
        value="该参数没什么意义,在UI界面上也看到,所以不需要配置"
    示例:
    @Api(tags="APP用户注册Controller")
    
    @ApiOperation:用在请求的方法上,说明方法的用途、作用
        value="说明方法的用途、作用"
        notes="方法的备注说明"
    示例:
    @ApiOperation(value="用户注册",notes="手机号、密码都是必输项,年龄随边填,但必须是数字")
    
    @ApiImplicitParams:用在请求的方法上,表示一组参数说明
        @ApiImplicitParam:用在@ApiImplicitParams注解中,指定一个请求参数的各个方面
            name:参数名
            value:参数的汉字说明、解释
            required:参数是否必须传
            paramType:参数放在哪个地方
                · header --> 请求参数的获取:@RequestHeader
                · query --> 请求参数的获取:@RequestParam
                · path(用于restful接口)--> 请求参数的获取:@PathVariable
                · body(不常用)
                · form(不常用)    
            dataType:参数类型,默认String,其它值dataType="Integer"       
            defaultValue:参数的默认值
    示例:
    @ApiImplicitParams({
        @ApiImplicitParam(name="mobile",value="手机号",required=true,paramType="form"),
        @ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="密码",required=true,paramType="form"),
        @ApiImplicitParam(name="age",value="年龄",required=true,paramType="form",dataType="Integer")
    })
    
    @ApiResponses:用在请求的方法上,表示一组响应
        @ApiResponse:用在@ApiResponses中,一般用于表达一个错误的响应信息
            code:数字,例如400
            message:信息,例如"请求参数没填好"
            response:抛出异常的类
    @ApiOperation(value = "select1请求",notes = "多个参数,多种的查询参数类型")
    @ApiResponses({
        @ApiResponse(code=400,message="请求参数没填好"),
        @ApiResponse(code=404,message="请求路径没有或页面跳转路径不对")
    })
    
    @ApiModel:用于响应类上,表示一个返回响应数据的信息
                (这种一般用在post创建的时候,使用@RequestBody这样的场景,
                请求参数无法使用@ApiImplicitParam注解进行描述的时候)
        @ApiModelProperty:用在属性上,描述响应类的属性
    示例:
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    @ApiModel(description= "返回响应数据")
    public class RestMessage implements Serializable{
    
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "是否成功")
        private boolean success=true;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回对象")
        private Object data;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "错误编号")
        private Integer errCode;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "错误信息")
        private String message;
    
        
    }
    
    
    
    POST请求传入对象 
    示例:
       @ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户")
        @RequestMapping(value="/saveUser", method= RequestMethod.POST)
        public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){
            userDao.save(user);
            return "success!";
        }
    

    源码下载 :大老杨码云

    个人网站:https://dalaoyang.cn

    相关文章

      网友评论

      • Clone丶记忆:RESTFul是一套标准,并不是使用swagger就能实现、 swagger只是一个在线APIDoc而已。通篇我看到的都是传统的请求而已 并不是所谓的restful。
      • wendell_dev:不要误导restful

      本文标题:SpringBoot使用Swagger2实现Restful AP

      本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/nosihftx.html