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Python 3:标准库介绍

Python 3:标准库介绍

作者: ACphart | 来源:发表于2018-08-16 11:22 被阅读21次

    • 参照Python3.5官方手册,写一下python SDL库的笔记,持续更新

    1 Introduction

    • 简要介绍Python标准库

    2 Built-in Functions

    • 内置函数

    3 Built-in Constants

    • 内置常量
    3.1 Constants added by the site module

    4 Built-in Types

    • 内置类型
    4.1 Truth Value Testing
    4.2 Boolean Operations — and, or, not
    4.3 Comparisons
    4.4 Numeric Types — int, float, complex
    4.5 Iterator Types
    4.6 Sequence Types — list, tuple, range
    4.7 Text Sequence Type — str
    4.8 Binary Sequence Types — bytes, bytearray, memoryview
    4.9 Set Types — set, frozenset
    4.10 Mapping Types — dict

    5 Built-in Exceptions

    • 内置异常
    5.1 Base classes
    5.2 Concrete exceptions
    5.3 Warnings
    5.4 Exception hierarchy

    6 Text Processing Services

    • 文本处理服务
    6.1 string — Common string operations
    6.2 re — Regular expression operations
    6.3 difflib — Helpers for computing deltas
    6.4 textwrap — Text wrapping and filling
    6.5 unicodedata — Unicode Database
    6.6 stringprep — Internet String Preparation
    6.7 readline — GNU readline interface
    6.8 rlcompleter — Completion function for GNU readline

    7 Binary Data Services

    • 二进制数据处理服务
    7.1 struct — Interpret bytes as packed binary data
    7.2 codecs — Codec registry and base classes

    8 Data Types

    • 数据类型
    8.1 datetime — Basic date and time types
    8.2 calendar — General calendar-related functions
    8.3 collections — Container datatypes
    8.4 collectionsabc — Abstract Base Classes for Containers
    8.5 heapq — Heap queue algorithm
    8.6 bisect — Array bisection algorithm
    8.7 array — Efficient arrays of numeric values
    8.8 weakref — Weak references
    8.9 types — Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types
    8.10 copy — Shallow and deep copy operations
    8.11 pprint — Data pretty printer
    8.12 reprlib — Alternate repr() implementation
    8.13 enum — Support for enumerations

    9 Numeric and Mathematical Modules

    • 数值和数学模型
    9.1 numbers — Numeric abstract base classes
    9.2 math — Mathematical functions
    9.3 cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers
    9.4 decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic
    9.5 fractions — Rational numbers
    9.6 random — Generate pseudo-random numbers
    9.7 statistics — Mathematical statistics functions

    10 Functional Programming Modules

    • 函数式编程模块
    10.1 itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping
    10.2 functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects
    10.3 operator — Standard operators as functions

    11 File and Directory Access

    • 文件和目录存取
    11.1 pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths
    11.2 ospath — Common pathname manipulations
    11.3 fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams
    11.4 stat — Interpreting stat() results
    11.5 filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons
    11.6 tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories
    11.7 glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion
    11.8 fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching
    11.9 linecache — Random access to text lines
    11.10 shutil — High-level file operations
    11.11 macpath — Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions

    12 Data Persistence

    • 数据永久存储
    12.1 pickle — Python object serialization
    12.2 copyreg — Register pickle support functions
    12.3 shelve — Python object persistence
    12.4 marshal — Internal Python object serialization
    12.5 dbm — Interfaces to Unix “databases”
    12.6 sqlite3 — DB-API 20 interface for SQLite databases

    13 Data Compression and Archiving

    • 数据压缩和归档
    13.1 zlib — Compression compatible with gzip
    13.2 gzip — Support for gzip files
    13.3 bz2 — Support for bzip2 compression
    13.4 lzma — Compression using the LZMA algorithm
    13.5 zipfile — Work with ZIP archives
    13.6 tarfile — Read and write tar archive files

    14 File Formats

    • 文件格式
    14.1 csv — CSV File Reading and Writing
    14.2 configparser — Configuration file parser
    14.3 netrc — netrc file processing
    14.4 xdrlib — Encode and decode XDR data
    14.5 plistlib — Generate and parse Mac OS X plist files

    15 Cryptographic Services

    • 加密服务
    15.1 hashlib — Secure hashes and message digests
    15.2 hmac — Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication

    16 Generic Operating System Services

    • 通用操作系统服务
    16.1 os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces
    16.2 io — Core tools for working with streams
    16.3 time — Time access and conversions
    16.4 argparse — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands
    16.5 getopt — C-style parser for command line options
    16.6 logging — Logging facility for Python
    16.7 loggingconfig — Logging configuration
    16.8 logginghandlers — Logging handlers
    16.9 getpass — Portable password input
    16.10 curses — Terminal handling for character-cell displays
    16.11 cursestextpad — Text input widget for curses programs
    16.12 cursesascii — Utilities for ASCII characters
    16.13 cursespanel — A panel stack extension for curses
    16.14 platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data
    16.15 errno — Standard errno system symbols
    16.16 ctypes — A foreign function library for Python

    17 Concurrent Execution

    • 并行执行
    17.1 threading — Thread-based parallelism
    17.2 multiprocessing — Process-based parallelism
    17.3 The concurrent package
    17.4 concurrentfutures — Launching parallel tasks
    17.5 subprocess — Subprocess management
    17.6 sched — Event scheduler
    17.7 queue — A synchronized queue class
    17.8 dummy_threading — Drop-in replacement for the threading module
    17.9 _thread — Low-level threading API
    17.10 _dummy_thread — Drop-in replacement for the _thread module

    18 Interprocess Communication and Networking

    • 进程间通信和网络
    18.1 socket — Low-level networking interface
    18.2 ssl — TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects
    18.3 select — Waiting for I/O completion
    18.4 selectors — High-level I/O multiplexing
    18.5 asyncio — Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks
    18.6 asyncore — Asynchronous socket handler
    18.7 asynchat — Asynchronous socket command/response handler
    18.8 signal — Set handlers for asynchronous events
    18.9 mmap — Memory-mapped file support

    19 Internet Data Handling

    • 网络数据处理
    19.1 email — An email and MIME handling package
    19.2 json — JSON encoder and decoder
    19.3 mailcap — Mailcap file handling
    19.4 mailbox — Manipulate mailboxes in various formats
    19.5 mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types
    19.6 base64 — Base16, Base32, Base64, Base85 Data Encodings
    19.7 binhex — Encode and decode binhex4 files
    19.8 binascii — Convert between binary and ASCII
    19.9 quopri — Encode and decode MIME quoted-printable data
    19.10 uu — Encode and decode uuencode files

    20 Structured Markup Processing Tools

    • 结构化标记处理工具
    20.1 html — HyperText Markup Language support
    20.2 htmlparser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser
    20.3 htmlentities — Definitions of HTML general entities
    20.4 XML Processing Modules
    20.5 xmletreeElementTree — The ElementTree XML API
    20.6 xmldom — The Document Object Model API
    20.7 xmldomminidom — Minimal DOM implementation
    20.8 xmldompulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees
    20.9 xmlsax — Support for SAX2 parsers
    20.10 xmlsaxhandler — Base classes for SAX handlers
    20.11 xmlsaxsaxutils — SAX Utilities
    20.12 xmlsaxxmlreader — Interface for XML parsers
    20.13 xmlparsersexpat — Fast XML parsing using Expat

    21 Internet Protocols and Support

    • 互联网协议及支持
    21.1 webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller
    21.2 cgi — Common Gateway Interface support
    21.3 cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts
    21.4 wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation
    21.5 urllib — URL handling modules
    21.6 urllibrequest — Extensible library for opening URLs
    21.7 urllibresponse — Response classes used by urllib
    21.8 urllibparse — Parse URLs into components
    21.9 urlliberror — Exception classes raised by urllibrequest
    21.10 urllibrobotparser — Parser for robotstxt
    21.11 http — HTTP modules
    21.12 httpclient — HTTP protocol client
    21.13 ftplib — FTP protocol client
    21.14 poplib — POP3 protocol client
    21.15 imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client
    21.16 nntplib — NNTP protocol client
    21.17 smtplib — SMTP protocol client
    21.18 smtpd — SMTP Server
    21.19 telnetlib — Telnet client
    21.20 uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122
    21.21 socketserver — A framework for network servers
    21.22 httpserver — HTTP servers
    21.23 httpcookies — HTTP state management
    21.24 httpcookiejar — Cookie handling for HTTP clients
    21.25 xmlrpc — XMLRPC server and client modules
    21.26 xmlrpcclient — XML-RPC client access
    21.27 xmlrpcserver — Basic XML-RPC servers
    21.28 ipaddress — IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library

    22 Multimedia Services

    • 多媒体服务
    22.1 audioop — Manipulate raw audio data
    22.2 aifc — Read and write AIFF and AIFC files
    22.3 sunau — Read and write Sun AU files
    22.4 wave — Read and write WAV files
    22.5 chunk — Read IFF chunked data
    22.6 colorsys — Conversions between color systems
    22.7 imghdr — Determine the type of an image
    22.8 sndhdr — Determine type of sound file
    22.9 ossaudiodev — Access to OSS-compatible audio devices

    23 Internationalization

    • 国际化
    23.1 gettext — Multilingual internationalization services
    23.2 locale — Internationalization services

    24 Program Frameworks

    • 程序框架
    24.1 turtle — Turtle graphics
    24.2 cmd — Support for line-oriented command interpreters
    24.3 shlex — Simple lexical analysis

    25 Graphical User Interfaces with Tk

    • 图形用户接口
    25.1 tkinter — Python interface to Tcl/Tk
    25.2 tkinterttk — Tk themed widgets
    25.3 tkintertix — Extension widgets for Tk
    25.4 tkinterscrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget
    25.5 IDLE
    25.6 Other Graphical User Interface Packages

    26 Development Tools

    • 开发工具
    26.1 typing — Support for type hints
    26.2 pydoc — Documentation generator and online help system
    26.3 doctest — Test interactive Python examples
    26.4 unittest — Unit testing framework
    26.5 unittestmock — mock object library
    26.6 unittestmock — getting started
    26.7 2to3 - Automated Python 2 to 3 code translation
    26.8 test — Regression tests package for Python
    26.9 testsupport — Utilities for the Python test suite

    27 Debugging and Profiling

    • 调试和性能分析
    27.1 bdb — Debugger framework
    27.2 faulthandler — Dump the Python traceback
    27.3 pdb — The Python Debugger
    27.4 The Python Profilers
    27.5 timeit — Measure execution time of small code snippets
    27.6 trace — Trace or track Python statement execution
    27.7 tracemalloc — Trace memory allocations

    28 Software Packaging and Distribution

    • 软件打包和分发
    28.1 distutils — Building and installing Python modules
    28.2 ensurepip — Bootstrapping the pip installer
    28.3 venv — Creation of virtual environments
    28.4 zipapp — Manage executable python zip archives

    29 Python Runtime Services

    • 运行时服务
    29.1 sys — System-specific parameters and functions
    29.2 sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information
    29.3 builtins — Built-in objects
    29.4 __main__ — Top-level script environment
    29.5 warnings — Warning control
    29.6 contextlib — Utilities for with-statement contexts
    29.7 abc — Abstract Base Classes
    29.8 atexit — Exit handlers
    29.9 traceback — Print or retrieve a stack traceback
    29.10 __future__ — Future statement definitions
    29.11 gc — Garbage Collector interface
    29.12 inspect — Inspect live objects
    29.13 site — Site-specific configuration hook
    29.14 fpectl — Floating point exception control

    30 Custom Python Interpreters

    • 自定义Python解释器
    30.1 code — Interpreter base classes
    30.2 codeop — Compile Python code

    31 Importing Modules

    • 导入模块
    31.1 zipimport — Import modules from Zip archives
    31.2 pkgutil — Package extension utility
    31.3 modulefinder — Find modules used by a script
    31.4 runpy — Locating and executing Python modules
    31.5 importlib — The implementation of import

    32 Python Language Services

    • Python语言服务
    32.1 parser — Access Python parse trees
    32.2 ast — Abstract Syntax Trees
    32.3 symtable — Access to the compiler’s symbol tables
    32.4 symbol — Constants used with Python parse trees
    32.5 token — Constants used with Python parse trees
    32.6 keyword — Testing for Python keywords
    32.7 tokenize — Tokenizer for Python source
    32.8 tabnanny — Detection of ambiguous indentation
    32.9 pyclbr — Python class browser support
    32.10 py_compile — Compile Python source files
    32.11 compileall — Byte-compile Python libraries
    32.12 dis — Disassembler for Python bytecode
    32.13 pickletools — Tools for pickle developers

    33 Miscellaneous Services

    • 杂项服务
    33.1 formatter — Generic output formatting

    34 MS Windows Specific Services

    • Windows相关服务
    34.1 msilib — Read and write Microsoft Installer files
    34.2 msvcrt — Useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime
    34.3 winreg — Windows registry access
    34.4 winsound— Sound-playing interface for Windows

    35 Unix Specific Services

    • Unix相关服务
    35.1 posix — The most common POSIX system calls
    35.2 pwd — The password database
    35.3 spwd — The shadow password database
    35.4 grp — The group database
    35.5 crypt — Function to check Unix passwords
    35.6 termios — POSIX style tty control
    35.7 tty — Terminal control functions
    35.8 pty — Pseudo-terminal utilities
    35.9 fcntl — The fcntl and ioctl system calls
    35.10 pipes — Interface to shell pipelines
    35.11 resource — Resource usage information
    35.12 nis — Interface to Sun’s NIS (Yellow Pages)
    35.13 syslog — Unix syslog library routines

    36 Superseded Modules

    • 取代模块
    36.1 optparse — Parser for command line options
    36.2 imp — Access the import internals

    37 Undocumented Modules

    • 未归档模块
    37.1 Platform specific modules

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