第十三章 项目相关方管理 Chapter 13 - Project Stakeholder Management
2 Key Concepts 2个主要概念
Project Stakeholders - Anyone who may be affected by the project.
项目相关方 - 可能受到项目影响的任何人。
- May be actively involved; may have differing expectations; may be positively/negatively impacted.
- 可能积极参与项目，可能期望各不相同，可能对项目造成正面/负面影响。
Stakeholder Register - Documents the following (sensitive) information about your stakeholders:
相关方登记册 - 记录相关方如下信息的文件：
- Identification Information - Name, organization, location, role, etc.
- 身份信息 - 姓名、组织、地址、职位等。
- Assessment Information - Major requirements, expectations, influence, etc.
- 评估信息 - 核心需求，期望，影响等。
- Stakeholder Classification - Internal/external, impact/influence/power/interest, etc.
- 相关方分类 - 内部/外部，作用/影响/权力/兴趣等。
13.0 Processes 4大过程
13.1 Identify Stakeholders (I) - Determining who will be affected by the project.
13.1 识别相关方 - 确定被项目影响的人是谁。
13.2 Plan Stakeholder Engagement (P) - Developing strategies to engage stakeholders during the project.
13.2 规划相关方参与 - 制定策略，在项目过程中如何让相关方参与。
13.3 Manage Stakeholder Engagement (E) - Communicating with stakeholders and addressing issues.
13.3 管理相关方参与 - 与相关方沟通并处理问题。
13.4 Monitor Stakeholder Engagement (M) - Monitoring and adjusting plans for engaging stakeholders.
13.4 监督相关方参与 - 监督并调整相关方参与计划。
Stakeholder Classification Models 相关方分类模型
Power/Interest Grid 权力/利益 方格 - by (1) level of authority (power); (2) level or concern (interest).
Power/Influence Grid 权力/影响力 方格 - by (1) level of authority (power); (2) active involvement (influence).
Influence/Impact Grid 影响力/作用 方格- by (1) active involvement (influence); (2) ability to effect change (impact).
Stakeholder Cube - Combines the grids above into a 3D model.
相关方立方体 - 上述3种方格整合为一个3维模型。
Salience Model - by (1) power, (2) urgency, and (3) legitimacy.
凸显模型 - 采用权力、紧急性和合法性来评估。
Directions of Influence - Classifies according to how they can influence the work.
影响方向 - 按相关方如何影响项目工作来进行分类。
Examples of Stakeholders 相关方举例
| Internal 内部 | External 外部 |
|---|---|
| Sponsors 发起人 - Provides the resources. | Customers 消费者 - Approve/manage the outcomes. |
| Project Team 项目团队 - Create the deliverables. | Users 用户 - Use the outcomes of the project. |
| PM 项目经理 - Perform PM functions (budgeting). | Suppliers 供应商 - Under control to provide things. |
| PMO 项目管理办公室 - Standardize project governance. |
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