描述
JDK提供的工具类生成的线程池会造成内存溢出,所以需要自己定义线程池。
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 线程最大数为Integer.MAX_VALUE
ExecutorService cachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
ExecutorService scheduledThreadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
// 队列的最大数为Integer.MAX_VALUE
ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
ExecutorService singleThreadExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
}
测试代码
public static void main(String[] args) {
AtomicInteger i = new AtomicInteger(0);
/**
* corePoolSize:核心线程数
* maximumPoolSize:最大线程数
* keepAliveTime:大于核心线程数下,被回收的线程空闲时间
* workQueue:阻塞队列
* threadFactory:线程工厂
* rejectedExecutionHandler:拒绝策略
*
*/
ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(2, 4,
3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(2), runnable -> {
Thread thread = new Thread(runnable);
thread.setName("pool-test-" + i.getAndIncrement());
return thread;
}, new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
/**
* 提交任务流程:一个Thread去执行一个Runnable,
* 当Runnable数超过corePoolSize时,将Runnable放入BlockQueue中,
* 当BlockQueue超过容量并且线程数还没超过maximumPoolSize时,就创建Thread执行该提交的Runnable
* 当BlockQueue超过容量,线程数超过maximumPoolSize时,就执行拒绝策略
*/
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
executor.execute(()->{
System.out.println("action");
});
}
}
线程池执行流程
提交任务流程
1.如果正在运行的线程数小于核心线程数,就创建一个线程去执行该任务;
2.如果正在运行的线程数等于核心线程数,就将该任务放入阻塞队列中;
3.如果核心线程满额、阻塞队列满额,而正在运行的线程数小于最大线程数,就创建一个线程去执行该任务;
4.如果核心线程满额、阻塞队列满额,最大线程数满额,就执行拒绝策略。
public void execute(Runnable command) {
if (command == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
int c = ctl.get();
if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
// 入参为true表示以核心线程数为运行线程数的边界
if (addWorker(command, true))
return;
c = ctl.get();
}
// 检查是否调用shutDown,任务入队列
if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
int recheck = ctl.get();
if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
reject(command);
else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
addWorker(null, false);
}
// 入参为false表示以最大线程数为运行线程数的边界
else if (!addWorker(command, false))
reject(command);
}
任务执行流程
ThreadPoolExecutor中Worker封装了执行载体(Thread)和第一个执行任务(Runnable)。并使用HashSet来保存Worker。上述代码中addWorker()中会调用Thread.start()去启动线程。
Thread.start()->Worker.run()->ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker()->firstTask.run()
调用堆栈
private final class Worker
extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer
implements Runnable
{
final Thread thread;
Runnable firstTask;
Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
setState(-1);
this.firstTask = firstTask;
// 以Worker为参数生成Thread
this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);
}
public void run() {
runWorker(this);
}
}
1.执行第一个任务;
2.从队列中取出任务,如果当前线程大于核心线程数,队列中没有任务会阻塞线程keepAliveTime时间,阻塞后还是没有任务则线程销毁;
3.如果当前线程不大于核心线程数,队列中没有任务会一直阻塞线程,直到取出任务为止;
4.从队列中取出任务后执行。
final void runWorker(Worker w) {
Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
Runnable task = w.firstTask;
w.firstTask = null;
w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
boolean completedAbruptly = true;
try {
/**
* 先执行第一个Runnable,然后从队列中取出Runnable执行
* 队列中取出Runnable时,
* 如果线程数大于核心线程数,队列中没有任务时。线程会阻塞keepAliveTime时间,阻塞后还是没有任务,则线程销毁
* 如果线程数不大于核心线程数,队列中没有任务时,会一直阻塞直到取出为止
*/
while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
w.lock();
if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
(Thread.interrupted() &&
runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
!wt.isInterrupted())
wt.interrupt();
try {
// 执行任务前扩展
beforeExecute(wt, task);
Throwable thrown = null;
try {
task.run();
} catch (RuntimeException x) {
thrown = x; throw x;
} catch (Error x) {
thrown = x; throw x;
} catch (Throwable x) {
thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
} finally {
// 执行任务h后扩展
afterExecute(task, thrown);
}
} finally {
task = null;
w.completedTasks++;
w.unlock();
}
}
completedAbruptly = false;
} finally {
// 销毁线程
processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
}
}
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