初识别Dockerfile

Dockerfile就是用来构建docker镜像的构建文件，命令脚本。先体验一下
通过这个脚本可以生成镜像，镜像是一层一层的，脚本一个个的命令，每个命令都是一层。

创建一个docker-test-volume文件

通过脚本的方式挂载解释

mkdir docker-test-volume

创建一个docker-test-volume文件

FORM centos
VOLUME ["volume01","volume02"]   #匿名挂载
CMD echo "----end----"
CMD /bin/bash

创建一个dockerfile01文件，里面写好脚本

以/home/docker-test-volume/dockerfile01目录下的dockerfile01文件脚本生成一个guobaofeng版本的centos1.0的镜像

docker build -f /home/docker-test-volume/dockerfile01 -t guobaofeng/centos:1.0 .
-t：target生成 

脚本生成一个guobaofeng版本的centos1.0的镜像

查看是否生成成功

查看docker images 发现生成成功

启动自己写的guobaofeng centos镜像

docker run -it bcb7b9d02259 /bin/bash

启动自己写的guobaofeng centos镜像
查看目录

ls -l

查看目录

这个卷与外部一定有个同步的目录！

在容器内部创建一个container.txt文件

[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# docker run -it bcb7b9d02259 /bin/bash
[root@314b3d3aef6b /]# ls 
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var  volume01  volume02
[root@314b3d3aef6b /]# cd volume01
[root@314b3d3aef6b volume01]# touch container.txt
[root@314b3d3aef6b volume01]# ls
container.txt
[root@314b3d3aef6b volume01]# 

在容器内部创建一个container.txt文件

查看guobaofeng centos镜像的容器信息

docker images
docker ps
docker inspect 314b3d3aef6b

查看guobaofeng centos镜像的容器信息

[
    {
        "Id": "314b3d3aef6bfeb0d02b25f3e0d31d89fcf69d176b964a5b46df1507575c60e7",
        "Created": "2023-11-19T09:29:29.850459895Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 3583,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2023-11-19T09:29:30.08401377Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:bcb7b9d022595d87e4f374a55119c8e2e4933dd784edc7ca0ca447c4d8abff2f",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/314b3d3aef6bfeb0d02b25f3e0d31d89fcf69d176b964a5b46df1507575c60e7/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/314b3d3aef6bfeb0d02b25f3e0d31d89fcf69d176b964a5b46df1507575c60e7/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/314b3d3aef6bfeb0d02b25f3e0d31d89fcf69d176b964a5b46df1507575c60e7/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/314b3d3aef6bfeb0d02b25f3e0d31d89fcf69d176b964a5b46df1507575c60e7/314b3d3aef6bfeb0d02b25f3e0d31d89fcf69d176b964a5b46df1507575c60e7-json.log",
        "Name": "/mystifying_johnson",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "ConsoleSize": [
                46,
                193
            ],
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": [],
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": [],
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": [],
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware",
                "/sys/devices/virtual/powercap"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b1ef18a2f5f751ecbd88d439a0aeba59e64ff29cb59cd7e40e6703c018b2703c-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5e980180ea2e6be0c4f4ebaa8e21ef829533f1ae28c06f68c285590ac4de71a7/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b1ef18a2f5f751ecbd88d439a0aeba59e64ff29cb59cd7e40e6703c018b2703c/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b1ef18a2f5f751ecbd88d439a0aeba59e64ff29cb59cd7e40e6703c018b2703c/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b1ef18a2f5f751ecbd88d439a0aeba59e64ff29cb59cd7e40e6703c018b2703c/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [
            {
                "Type": "volume",
                "Name": "76ab373b0f94d3c468d221b1a42fb93e5c9974105c2d67cbc5c6def0ddcc5399",
                "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/76ab373b0f94d3c468d221b1a42fb93e5c9974105c2d67cbc5c6def0ddcc5399/_data",
                "Destination": "volume01",
                "Driver": "local",
                "Mode": "",
                "RW": true,
                "Propagation": ""
            },
            {
                "Type": "volume",
                "Name": "78ae6d3cac8d33346a7362abe9f60196aa04699f4edc15f2bd30f0088d8f94d8",
                "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/78ae6d3cac8d33346a7362abe9f60196aa04699f4edc15f2bd30f0088d8f94d8/_data",
                "Destination": "volume02",
                "Driver": "local",
                "Mode": "",
                "RW": true,
                "Propagation": ""
            }
        ],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "314b3d3aef6b",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "bcb7b9d02259",
            "Volumes": {
                "volume01": {},
                "volume02": {}
            },
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "4b8e90015e61fa31b642c180962cac28bf22a728e885a0dc6f7b036397039d26",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/4b8e90015e61",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "3d3cf87b0ecce44ffd4fe7d3d7723915f5a10c3d2f8ba7723a09b48ae4fd17d3",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "d6032c8a10557b37a95ab87aa418a86226166852796e189e4e2880f901955b26",
                    "EndpointID": "3d3cf87b0ecce44ffd4fe7d3d7723915f5a10c3d2f8ba7723a09b48ae4fd17d3",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

查看volume01和volume02的实际位置

[root@localhost data]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/76ab373b0f94d3c468d221b1a42fb93e5c9974105c2d67cbc5c6def0ddcc5399/_data
[root@localhost _data]# ls
container.txt

查看container.txt是否同步成功 结论

DockerFile构建过程

基础知识

1.每个保留关键字（指令）都是必须是大写字母
2.执行从上到下顺序执行
3.#表示注释
4.每一个指令都会创建一个新的镜像层，并提交。

DockerFile构建过程

fockerfile是面向开发的，我们以后要发布项目，做镜像，就需要编写好dockerfile文件，这个文件十分简单。
Docker镜像逐渐成为企业交付的标准，必须要掌握！
步骤：开发，部署，运维。 三部曲 缺一不可。
DockerFile：构建文件，定义了一切的步骤，源代码
DockerImages：通过DockerFile构建生成的镜像，是最终发布和运行的产品。原来是jar包和war包
Docker容器：容器就是镜像运行起来提供服务器。