讲到LruCache不得不提一下LinkedHashMap，因为LruCache中Lru算法的实现就是通过LinkedHashMap来实现的。LinkedHashMap继承于HashMap，它使用了一个双向链表来存储Map中的Entry顺序关系，这种顺序有两种，一种是LRU顺序，一种是插入顺序，这可以由其构造函数public LinkedHashMap(int initialCapacity,float loadFactor, boolean accessOrder)指定。所以，对于get、put、remove等操作，LinkedHashMap除了要做HashMap做的事情，还做些调整Entry顺序链表的工作。LruCache中将LinkedHashMap的顺序设置为LRU顺序来实现LRU缓存，每次调用get(也就是从内存缓存中取图片)，则将该对象移到链表的尾端。调用put插入新的对象也是存储在链表尾端，这样当内存缓存达到设定的最大值时，将链表头部的对象（近期最少用到的）移除。
/*
*Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
*
*Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
*you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
*You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
*Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
*distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
*WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
*limitations under the License.
*/
package android.support.v4.util;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
*Static library version of {@link android.util.LruCache}. Used to write apps
*that run on API levels prior to 12. When running on API level 12 or above,
*this implementation is still used; it does not try to switch to the
*framework's implementation. See the framework SDK documentation for a class
*overview.
*/
public class LruCache {
private final LinkedHashMap map;
/** Size of this cache in units. Not necessarily the number of elements.*/
private int size; //当前cache的大小
private int maxSize; //cache最大大小
private int putCount; //put的次数
private int createCount; //create的次数
private int evictionCount; //回收的次数
private int hitCount; //命中的次数
private int missCount; //未命中次数
/**
* @param maxSize for caches that do notoverride {@link #sizeOf}, this is
* the maximum number ofentries in the cache. For all other caches,
* this is the maximum sum ofthe sizes of the entries in this cache.
*/
public LruCache(int maxSize) {
if (maxSize <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxSize <= 0");
}
this.maxSize = maxSize;
//将LinkedHashMap的accessOrder设置为true来实现LRU
this.map = new LinkedHashMap(0, 0.75f, true);
}
/**
* Returns the value for {@code key} if it exists in the cache or can be
* created by {@code #create}. If a value was returned, it is moved tothe
* head of the queue. This returns null if a value is not cached andcannot
* be created.
*通过key获取相应的item，或者创建返回相应的item。相应的item会移动到队列的尾部，
*如果item的value没有被cache或者不能被创建，则返回null。
*/
public final V get(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null");
}
V mapValue;
synchronized (this) {
mapValue = map.get(key);
if (mapValue != null) {
//mapValue不为空表示命中，hitCount+1并返回mapValue对象
hitCount++;
return mapValue;
}
missCount++; //未命中
}
/*
* Attempt to create a value. This may take a long time, and the map
* may be different when create() returns. If a conflicting value was
* added to the map while create() was working, we leave that value in
* the map and release the created value.
*如果未命中，则试图创建一个对象，这里create方法返回null,并没有实现创建对象的方法
*如果需要事项创建对象的方法可以重写create方法。因为图片缓存时内存缓存没有命中会去
*文件缓存中去取或者从网络下载，所以并不需要创建。
*/
V createdValue = create(key);
if (createdValue == null) {
return null;
}
//假如创建了新的对象，则继续往下执行
synchronized (this) {
createCount++;
//将createdValue加入到map中，并且将原来键为key的对象保存到mapValue
mapValue = map.put(key, createdValue);
if (mapValue != null) {
// There was a conflict so undothat last put
//如果mapValue不为空，则撤销上一步的put操作。
map.put(key, mapValue);
} else {
//加入新创建的对象之后需要重新计算size大小
size += safeSizeOf(key,createdValue);
}
}
if (mapValue != null) {
entryRemoved(false, key, createdValue, mapValue);
return mapValue;
} else {
//每次新加入对象都需要调用trimToSize方法看是否需要回收
trimToSize(maxSize);
return createdValue;
}
}
/**
* Caches {@code value} for {@code key}. The value is moved to the headof
* the queue.
*
* @return the previous value mapped by {@code key}.
*/
public final V put(K key, V value) {
if (key == null || value == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null || value ==null");
}
V previous;
synchronized (this) {
putCount++;
size += safeSizeOf(key, value); //size加上预put对象的大小
previous = map.put(key, value);
if (previous != null) {
//如果之前存在键为key的对象，则size应该减去原来对象的大小
size -= safeSizeOf(key,previous);
}
}
if (previous != null) {
entryRemoved(false, key, previous, value);
}
//每次新加入对象都需要调用trimToSize方法看是否需要回收
trimToSize(maxSize);
return previous;
}
/**
* @param maxSize the maximum size of the cache before returning. May be-1
* to evict even 0-sizedelements.
*此方法根据maxSize来调整内存cache的大小，如果maxSize传入-1，则清空缓存中的所有对象
*/
private void trimToSize(int maxSize) {
while (true) {
K key;
V value;
synchronized (this) {
if (size < 0 ||(map.isEmpty() && size != 0)) {
throw newIllegalStateException(getClass().getName()
+ ".sizeOf() is reportinginconsistent results!");
}
//如果当前size小于maxSize或者map没有任何对象,则结束循环
if (size <= maxSize ||map.isEmpty()) {
break;
}
//移除链表头部的元素，并进入下一次循环
Map.Entry toEvict =map.entrySet().iterator().next();
key = toEvict.getKey();
value = toEvict.getValue();
map.remove(key);
size -= safeSizeOf(key, value);
evictionCount++; //回收次数+1
}
entryRemoved(true, key, value, null);
}
}
/**
* Removes the entry for {@code key} if it exists.
*
* @return the previous value mapped by {@code key}.
*从内存缓存中根据key值移除某个对象并返回该对象
*/
public final V remove(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null");
}
V previous;
synchronized (this) {
previous = map.remove(key);
if (previous != null) {
size -= safeSizeOf(key,previous);
}
}
if (previous != null) {
entryRemoved(false, key, previous, null);
}
return previous;
}
/**
* Called for entries that have been evicted or removed. This method is
* invoked when a value is evicted to make space, removed by a call to
* {@link #remove}, or replaced by a call to {@link #put}. The default
* implementation does nothing.
*
*
The method is called without synchronization: other threadsmay
* access the cache while this method is executing.
*
* @param evicted true if the entry is being removed to make space, false
* if the removal was caused bya {@link #put} or {@link #remove}.
* @param newValue the new value for {@code key}, if it exists. Ifnon-null,
* this removal was caused by a{@link #put}. Otherwise it was caused by
* an eviction or a {@link#remove}.
*/
protected void entryRemoved(boolean evicted, K key, V oldValue, VnewValue) {}
/**
* Called after a cache miss to compute a value for the correspondingkey.
* Returns the computed value or null if no value can be computed. The
* default implementation returns null.
*
*
The method is called without synchronization: other threadsmay
* access the cache while this method is executing.
*
*
If a value for {@code key} exists in the cache when thismethod
* returns, the created value will be released with {@link #entryRemoved}
* and discarded. This can occur when multiple threads request the samekey
* at the same time (causing multiple values to be created), or when one
* thread calls {@link #put} while another is creating a value for thesame
* key.
*/
protected V create(K key) {
return null;
}
private int safeSizeOf(K key, V value) {
int result = sizeOf(key, value);
if (result < 0) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Negative size: " + key +"=" + value);
}
return result;
}
/**
* Returns the size of the entry for {@code key} and {@code value} in
* user-defined units. The defaultimplementation returns 1 so that size
* is the number of entries and max size is the maximum number ofentries.
*
*
An entry's size must not change while it is in the cache.
*用来计算单个对象的大小，这里默认返回1，一般需要重写该方法来计算对象的大小
* xUtils中创建LruMemoryCache时就重写了sizeOf方法来计算bitmap的大小
* mMemoryCache = new LruMemoryCache(globalConfig.getMemoryCacheSize()) {
* @Override
* protected intsizeOf(MemoryCacheKey key, Bitmap bitmap) {
* if (bitmap == null)return 0;
* returnbitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight();
* }
* };
*
*/
protected int sizeOf(K key, V value) {
return 1;
}
/**
* Clear the cache, calling {@link #entryRemoved} on each removed entry.
*清空内存缓存
*/
public final void evictAll() {
trimToSize(-1); // -1 will evict 0-sized elements
}
/**
* For caches that do not override {@link #sizeOf}, this returns thenumber
* of entries in the cache. For all other caches, this returns the sum of
* the sizes of the entries in this cache.
*/
public synchronized final int size() {
return size;
}
/**
* For caches that do not override {@link #sizeOf}, this returns themaximum
* number of entries in the cache. For all other caches, this returns the
* maximum sum of the sizes of the entries in this cache.
*/
public synchronized final int maxSize() {
return maxSize;
}
/**
* Returns the number of times {@link #get} returned a value.
*/
public synchronized final int hitCount() {
return hitCount;
}
/**
* Returns the number of times {@link #get} returned null or required anew
* value to be created.
*/
public synchronized final int missCount() {
return missCount;
}
/**
* Returns the number of times {@link #create(Object)} returned a value.
*/
public synchronized final int createCount() {
return createCount;
}
/**
* Returns the number of times {@link #put} was called.
*/
public synchronized final int putCount() {
return putCount;
}
/**
* Returns the number of values that have been evicted.
*/
public synchronized final int evictionCount() {
return evictionCount;
}
/**
* Returns a copy of the current contents of the cache, ordered fromleast
* recently accessed to most recently accessed.
*/
public synchronized final Map snapshot() {
return new LinkedHashMap(map);
}
@Override public synchronized final String toString() {
int accesses = hitCount + missCount;
int hitPercent = accesses != 0 ? (100 * hitCount / accesses) : 0;
returnString.format("LruCache[maxSize=%d,hits=%d,misses=%d,hitRate=%d%%]",
maxSize, hitCount, missCount,hitPercent);
}
}
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