题目链接
tag:
- Hard;
- Binary Search;
question:
Suppose an array sorted in ascending order is rotated at some pivot unknown to you beforehand.
(i.e., [0,1,2,4,5,6,7]
might become [4,5,6,7,0,1,2]
).
Find the minimum element.
The array may contain duplicates.
Example 1:
Input: [1,3,5]
Output: 1
Example 2:
Input: [2,2,2,0,1]
Output: 0
Note:
- This is a follow up problem to Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array.
- Would allow duplicates affect the run-time complexity? How and why?
思路:
寻找旋转有序重复数组的最小值是对之前问题的延伸(旋转数组中的最小值),当数组中存在大量的重复数字时,就会破坏二分查找法的机制,我们无法取得O(lgn)的时间复杂度,又将会回到简单粗暴的O(n),比如如下两种情况:
{2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2} 和 {2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2}, 我们发现,当第一个数字和最后一个数字,还有中间那个数字全部相等的时候,二分查找法就崩溃了,因为它无法判断到底该去左半边还是右半边。这种情况下,我们将左指针右移一位,略过一个相同数字,这对结果不会产生影响,因为我们只是去掉了一个相同的,然后对剩余的部分继续用二分查找法,在最坏的情况下,比如数组所有元素都相同,时间复杂度会升到O(n),参见代码如下:
class Solution {
public:
int findMin(vector<int>& nums) {
if (nums.empty()) return 0;
int left = 0, right = nums.size() - 1, res = nums[0];
while (left < right-1) {
int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
if (nums[left] < nums[mid]) {
res = min(nums[left], res);
left = mid + 1;
}
else if (nums[left] > nums[mid]) {
res = min(nums[right], res);
right = mid;
}
else ++left;
}
res = min(nums[left], res);
res = min(nums[right], res);
return res;
}
};
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