Spring MailSender 配置和使用

前言：最近在阅读《Spring实战》（第四版）这本书，正好公司项目里有发送邮件的模块，看了看源码，发现Spring有更加简洁的配置和使用方式，特此记录，仅供参考。

1.System.getProperty()和System.getenv()的使用

System.getenv()方法可以返回当前系统的环境变量，如下

{configsetroot=C:\WINDOWS\ConfigSetRoot, USERDOMAIN_ROAMINGPROFILE=LAPTOP-5JT2BFFK, LOCALAPPDATA=C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local, PROCESSOR_LEVEL=6, VS140COMNTOOLS=C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Tools\, USERDOMAIN=LAPTOP-5JT2BFFK, LOGONSERVER=\\LAPTOP-5JT2BFFK, JAVA_HOME=C:\IT\jdk, SESSIONNAME=Console, ALLUSERSPROFILE=C:\ProgramData, PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE=AMD64, PSModulePath=C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules, SystemDrive=C:, CATALINA_BASE=C:\IT\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.72-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-7.0.72, MAVEN_HOME=C:\IT\maven\maven3, OneDrive=C:\Users\fspirit\OneDrive, APPDATA=C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Roaming, USERNAME=fspirit, ProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86), AWE_DIR=C:\Softwares\MarkdownPadAddition\1.6.6\, VBOX_MSI_INSTALL_PATH=C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\, CommonProgramFiles=C:\Program Files\Common Files, Path=C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\iCLS Client\;C:\Program Files\Intel\iCLS Client\;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Program Files\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\IPT;C:\Program Files\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\IPT;C:\IT\jdk\bin;C:\IT\mysql\bin;C:\IT\jdk\jre\bin;C:\IT\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.72-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-7.0.72\lib;C:\IT\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.72-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-7.0.72\bin;C:\IT\maven\maven3\bin;C:\Program Files\Intel\WiFi\bin\;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Intel\WirelessCommon\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\Windows Performance Toolkit\;C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Scripts;C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Scripts\;C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\;C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;, PATHEXT=.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC, OS=Windows_NT, test=xixixiix, COMPUTERNAME=LAPTOP-5JT2BFFK, CATALINA_HOME=C:\IT\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.72-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-7.0.72, PROCESSOR_REVISION=4e03, CLASSPATH=.;C:\IT\jdk\lib;C:\IT\jdk\lib\tools.jar, CommonProgramW6432=C:\Program Files\Common Files, ComSpec=C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe, ProgramData=C:\ProgramData, ProgramW6432=C:\Program Files, HOMEPATH=\Users\fspirit, SystemRoot=C:\WINDOWS, TEMP=C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local\Temp, MYSQL_HOME=C:\IT\mysql, HOMEDRIVE=C:, PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER=Intel64 Family 6 Model 78 Stepping 3, GenuineIntel, USERPROFILE=C:\Users\fspirit, TMP=C:\Users\fspirit\AppData\Local\Temp, CommonProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files, ProgramFiles=C:\Program Files, PUBLIC=C:\Users\Public, NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS=4, windir=C:\WINDOWS}

上述配置是我的本地机器的环境变量，是在Windows系统下的，可以在系统设置中添加环境变量，然后通过System.getenv("")方法获取，例如获得自己设置的java环境变量

System.getenv("JAVA_HOME")
输出为 C:\IT\jdk

当然这里可以自己设置，在IDEA中也可以在Edit Configurations中设置
<img src="https://img.haomeiwen.com/i5834071/e1c08435bbb978ff.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" width = "200" height = "200" alt="IDEA的设置" align=center />
<img src="https://img.haomeiwen.com/i5834071/7d1fe90c45a512c1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" width = "200" height = "200" alt="IDEA中设置" align=center />
设置完成后，即可使用上述代码获取。System.getenv()是针对当前操作系统的
System.getProperty("") 则是对当前进程有效，即该JVM所在进程

System.setProperty("test","hello")
System.getProperty("test") 获取hello
下面的写法也很通用
Properties prop = System.getProperties();
prop.setProperty("test","hello");
System.out.println(prop.get("test"));

同样的，可以在IDEA直接设置，然后在代码中获取，在前面图中的VM options中设置即可，这里就不贴图啦
一般项目中常用的方式是使用配置文件，例如数据库的信息，存放在文件中，直接获取

System.getProperties().load(new FileReader("config.txt"));

在项目根目录下创建config.txt文件，里面填上需要的键值对即可,可以使用同样的getProperty(String name)获取

hello=world
great=code

下面进入如何发送邮件，Spring集成了Mail发送，在org.framework.spring-support里org.framwork.spring.mail里有Mailsender以及Mailsender的实现类，直接引用即可。

@Bean
    MailSender mailSender(){
        JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
        mailSender.setHost("smtp.qiye.163.com");
        mailSender.setPort(25);
        mailSender.setUsername("***@***.com");
        mailSender.setPassword("*********");
        return mailSender;
    }

配置bean后，直接写实现类即可

@Component
public class TestMail extends AbstractBaseAction{

    @Autowired
    MailSender mailSender;

    @Override
    public void run() throws ActionException {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom("autopost@zuihuibao.com");
        message.setTo("fanqingyuan@zuihuibao.com");
        message.setSubject("test");
        message.setText("test...");
        mailSender.send(message);
    }
}

在main方法中调用即可

public class MainTask {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MainTask.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            String actionName = args[0];
            List<String> otherParamList = Arrays.asList(args).subList(1, args.length);

            logger.info("--------------begin to exec method:[ " + actionName + " ]--------------");

            AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
            ctx.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("production");
            ctx.scan("com.fqy.java.report");
            ctx.refresh();
            AbstractBaseAction action = ctx.getBean(actionName, AbstractBaseAction.class);

            action.setParams(otherParamList);
            action.run();
            logger.info("--------------end to exec method:[ " + actionName + " ]--------------");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("Exception:", e);
            System.exit(1);
        }

    }

}

运行即可发送文件~很简单

后面会写如何使用Springboot配置，以及如何使用thymeleaf模板。

Spring-boot搭建项目发送邮件

首先，使用Spring-boot搭建一个web项目，众所周知,Spring-boot搭建web项目可以省去很多基本配置，它集成了SpringMVC的基本的包，以及tomcat的配置，非常方便。直接在ide中运行main函数即可

首先创建Spring-boot项目，在idea中选择，newproject-Spring-Initializr-next 在基本配置中选择 web,session,mysql等，记得选择IO中的mail,这个包中有Spring集成的邮件发送模块，否则需要在pom.xml文件中手动写入

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.4</version>
</dependency>

搭建后可以写个controller 运行，不过会有很多bug
例如会报错spring.session.store-type读不到，可以通过在application.properties中设置

spring.session.store-type=none

如果没连数据库，会报database相关的错,可以在主函数中不加载相关Bean即可

@SpringBootApplication(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class,HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class})
public class TestmailApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(TestmailApplication.class, args);
    }
}

基本上进行上述配置就OK了，写一个controller,运行main函数，打开浏览器，输入http://localhost:8080/send/mail 即可

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/send")
public class MailSenderControler {

    @RequestMapping("/mail")
    public String index() {

        JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
        mailSender.setHost("smtp.qiye.163.com");
        mailSender.setPort(25);
        mailSender.setUsername("****@gaga.com");
        mailSender.setPassword("asfasf11312dsf");

        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom("****@gaga.com");
        message.setTo("fspirit@yeah.net");
        message.setText("This is a test e-mail");
        mailSender.send(message);

        return "success";
    }
}

在普通Spring项目中发送邮件

首先创建个普通的Springmaven项目，在pom.xml文件中添加相关依赖包

   <dependency>
     <groupId>junit</groupId>
     <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
     <version>3.8.1</version>
     <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context-support -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
     <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
     <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
     <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
     <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
     <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
     <version>1.4.7</version>
   </dependency>

和在Spring-boot中类似，只不过改为写一个基类和一个mian方法,执行后同样是可以的

public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        ctx.scan("com.fqy");
        ctx.refresh();
        AbstractAction action = ctx.getBean("testMailSender", AbstractAction.class);
        action.go();
    }

主要的两个包是javax.mail和org.springframework的spring-context-support类