一 使用方式
- 基本操作
//显示目录结构
String s11 = "cmd /c dir";
//新窗口执行dir---start
String s12 = "cmd /c start dir";
//新窗口执行dir后不关闭
String s13 = "cmd /k start dir";
- 执行多条命令
//显示目录结构，然后显示路径
String s21 = "cmd /c dir & cd";
//进入E盘，进入ftp目录，显示路径
String s22 = "cmd /c e: & cd ftp & cd
//新窗口执行---start
String s23 = "cmd /c start dir & cd";
- 执行脚本
//文件路径
File file = new File("D:/Debug/b.bat");
String s31 = "cmd /c " + file.getAbsolutePath();
// start 新窗口执行
String s32 = "cmd /c start " + file.getAbsolutePath();
脚本b.bat 内容如下
E:
cd ftp
dir
- 启动指定软件
//可以打开新cmd窗口，能用git命令
String s41 = "cmd /c start \"myname\" \"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"";
//可以打开新cmd窗口，但是不能用git命令
String s42 = "cmd /c start \"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"";
//直接打开，部分软件能成功，cmd窗口会卡住
String s43 = "\"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"";
- 启动指定软件并传递参数
//重点( -c 是启动参数 ) -- 启动指定软件，并传递命令( -c 后面用双引号，表示一个命令)
String s44 = "\"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\" -c \"git --version\"";
//同上 -- 但是加了 start 后有问题
String[] s45 = {"\"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"","-c","start","git --version"};
- 需要指定path环境变量envp
String s51="cmd /c git --version";
//配置path环境变量
String[] envp = {"Path=C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin"};
//执行
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(s51,envp);
二 代码集成
- 代码使用
//执行命令
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
//等待执行完毕
process.waitFor();
//执行结果，0是正常
int value = process.exitValue();
System.out.println(value);
//输出信息
InputStreamReader is = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream(), Charset.forName("GBK"));
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(is);
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
//错误信息
is = new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream(), Charset.forName("GBK"));
br = new BufferedReader(is);
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
//关闭连接(最好放在finally中)
process.destroy();
- ProcessBuilder 执行命令，打开软件
try {
//启动 windows 的计算器程序，第一个参数必须是可执行程序
String[] cmd1 = {"C:/Java/PortableGit/bin/bash.exe", "-c", "git"};
/** 创建ProcessBuilder对象，设置指令列表*/
ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(cmd1);
processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
Process process = processBuilder.start();
InputStream in = process.getInputStream();
byte[] re = new byte[1024];
while (in.read(re) != -1) {
System.out.println("==>" + new String(re, Charset.forName("GBK")));
}
in.close();
if (process.isAlive()) {
process.waitFor();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
3 . 只能打开软件
try {
Desktop desktop = Desktop.getDesktop();
File file = new File("C:/Windows/system32/cmd.exe");
desktop.open(file);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
三 完整代码
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Process process = null;
try {
/**-----基本命令-------**/
String s11 = "cmd /c dir";
//新窗口执行dir---start
String s12 = "cmd /c start dir";
//新窗口执行dir后不关闭
String s13 = "cmd /k start dir";
/**-----多条命令-------**/
String s21 = "cmd /c dir & cd";
String s22 = "cmd /c e: & cd ftp & cd";
//新窗口执行---start
String s23 = "cmd /c start dir & cd";
/**-----bat脚本-------**/
File file = new File("D:/Debug/b.bat");
String s31 = "cmd /c " + file.getAbsolutePath();
String s32 = "cmd /c start " + file.getAbsolutePath();
/**------启动指定软件------**/
//可以打开新cmd窗口，能用git命令
String s41 = "cmd /c start \"myname\" \"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"";
//可以打开新cmd窗口，但是不能用git命令
String s42 = "cmd /c start \"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"";
//直接打开，部分成功，会卡住
String s43 = "\"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"";
//重点( -c ) -- 启动指定软件，并传递命令( -c 后面用双引号，表示一个命令)
String s44 = "\"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\" -c \"git --version\"";
//同上 -- 但是加了 start 后有问题
String[] s45 = {"\"C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin\\bash.exe\"", "-c", "start", "git --version"};
/**------需要指定path环境变量envp------**/
String s51 = "cmd /c git --version";
//配置path环境变量
String[] envp = {"Path=C:\\Java\\PortableGit\\bin"};
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(s45);
process.waitFor();
int value = process.exitValue();
System.out.println(value);
InputStreamReader is = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream(), Charset.forName("GBK"));
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(is);
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
is = new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream(), Charset.forName("GBK"));
br = new BufferedReader(is);
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//关闭连接
if (process != null && process.isAlive()) {
process.destroy();
}
}
}
public static void main2(String[] args) {
try {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
//启动 windows 的计算器程序，第一个参数必须是可执行程序
// paramList.add("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
String[] cmd = {"C:/Windows/system32/cmd.exe", "/c", "dir"};
String[] cmd1 = {"C:/Java/PortableGit/bin/bash.exe", "-c", "git"};
list.add("cmd");
list.add("/c");
list.add("start");
list.add("\"" + "cmd.exe" + "\"");
list.add("\"" + "C:/Windows/system32/cmd.exe" + "\"");
// list.add("\"" + "Bootstrapper.exe" + "\"");
// list.add("\"" + "C:/Program Files (x86)/Enterprise Vault/Bootstrapper.exe" + "\"");
list.add(" & ");
list.add("dir");
/** 创建ProcessBuilder对象，设置指令列表*/
ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(cmd1);
processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
Process process = processBuilder.start();
InputStream in = process.getInputStream();
byte[] re = new byte[1024];
while (in.read(re) != -1) {
System.out.println("==>" + new String(re, Charset.forName("GBK")));
}
in.close();
if (process.isAlive()) {
process.waitFor();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main3(String[] args) {
try {
Desktop desktop = Desktop.getDesktop();
File file = new File("C:/Windows/system32/cmd.exe");
desktop.open(file);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
参考文章：
https://juejin.im/entry/5ba46a576fb9a05d3b336b43
https://blog.walterlv.com/post/cmd-startup-arguments.html
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