自古深情留不住,总是套路得人心。
考研英语同样也是套路满满,那些考研英语八十多分的大神们难道英语水平真的到了登峰造极的水平了吗?其实不然,他们只不过是比别人积累的更多,然后将这些积累的词汇、语句和语法按照套路组合起来而已。
想要在考研英语路上飙车么?想要成为“套路”阅卷老师的老司机么?来来来,一起学一学考研英语翻译中的10大必备句式吧!
翻译是考研英语中最难的部分,也是考研英语得分率较低的一类题型。以下知米妞给大家准备了10大必备句式,可以帮助考研er提高翻译能力哦~
考研翻译10大必备句式
1.leave sb. the choice of … or … 要么…,要么…(选择类经典句)
Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.
敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠,我们要么顽强抵抗,要么屈膝投降。
The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor.
年过三十,要么成婚,要么单身。
2.be the instrument of sth. 引来某事物的人或事 (使动类经典句)
If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings.
能够让你幸福,我愿意付出我的一切。
3.it was the memory / memories of 追溯到… (回忆类经典句)
Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul
Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations'development.
追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会,可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。
It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks
of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of "Zero Ground".
追溯到1945年广岛和长崎遭受原子弹攻击,从而形成了"零地带"这个术语。
4.on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一个前提… (假设类经典句)
The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.
中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时,是基于一个前提,即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国,台湾是中国的一部分。
Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall.
对投资者的建议是以利率会继续下跌为根据的。
5.be bound to 必定…;一定… (意愿类经典句)
The Great Western Development is bound to be a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at large.
西部大开发一定能成为沟通世界各国和中国的一座桥梁,促进中国和世界经济共同发展,共同繁荣。
Just wars are bound to triumph over wars of aggression.
正义战争必然要战胜侵略战争。
6.a matter of sth./doing sth. 与…有关的情况或问题 (描述类经典句)
Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart.
"Eventually, being 'poor' won't be as much a matter of living in a poor
country as it will be a matter of having poor skills."
请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。"说到底,'贫穷'与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里,还不如说是技艺不精。"
Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.
处理这些问题全凭经验。
7.This is the similar case with/when 这恰如;正如;也会 (比较类经典句)
This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozart's musical pieces.
这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱,却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣,击节称赞。
Besides, this is also the case with the citizen's expenditure such as education, information, traveling.
除此以外,老百姓的服务性消费,如教育,信息,旅游等消费也会大量增长。
8.be exemplified by 这一点也证明了…;这点反映在以下事实:…(举例类经典句)
This American desire to keep the children's world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.
如果父母在事故中丧生,人们总是晚些时候才告诉孩子们,这一点也证实了美国人想把儿童的世界和成人的世界隔离开的愿望。(美国人想把儿童和成人的世界划清界限,这一愿望还反映在以下事实:如果父母在事故中丧生,人们总是设法晚点将消息告诉他们的子女。)
9.constitute…(不用于进行式)是;认为 (判断类经典句)
History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and
mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and
practical international relationship.
历史说明,中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。
My decision does not constitute a precedent.
我的决定不应视为先例。
The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy.
这一失败是我们外交上的一次较大的挫折。
10.witness…见证… (发生类经典句)
a time or event witnesses sth./sb. in a particular situation or doing a particular thing.
The rapid development in the past 20-plus years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of China
经过二十多年的快速发展,中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础,社会保持稳定,市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善,为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。
I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.
在下一轮的会谈中,我们将宣布中东地区永久停火协议,对此我抱有乐观态度并充满希望。
除了了解考研英语翻译常用的句式以外,我们还要注意把握一些翻译的技巧和方法,下面知米妞会分享7个实用的小技巧,大家多体会、理解和掌握,祝大家都能取得理想的考试成绩。
考研翻译7大应试技巧
1、增译主语
由于表达习惯不同,英文中常有省略主语的现象,在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。
情况一般有以下几种:
①以抽象名词作主语,而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体;
②英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词,中文则不怕重复,一个词会用上好几遍;
③英语中的复数名词译为汉语时,常常加入这些、各种、种种等,要视具体语境情况而定。
He did not give us satisfied answer; this made us angry.
他并没有给出我们满意的答复,这种态度使得我们非常生气。
There are solutions proposed to solve the public problem.
针对这一公共问题,大家提出了种种解决方案。
2、增译谓语
同理,需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时,常常会省略,以使句子不那么赘余,而中文中则要译出来,使其表达更加地道。
英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词,而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词,使其意义更加完整,表达更加明确。
We went to Xiamen this week, Shenzhen next week.
我们这周去厦门,下周去深圳。
After the party, he has got a very important speech.
参加完聚会后,他还要发表一个重要讲话。
3、时间状语的翻译
①时间状语常常可以直接翻译,一般译到主句前。
He came in while I was watching TV.
我在看电视的时候他进来了。
They burst into tears suddenly when they heard the sad news.
他们听到这个悲惨的消息之后突然大哭起来。
②有的时间状语从句引导词除了表示时间以外,还会附带条件性,所以在翻译的时候要译出条件关系。
We can't take any action until our project is well-prepared.
只有我们的项目做好充分的准备,我们才能采取行动。
4、原因状语的翻译
①英语中的状语位置较为灵活,既可以放在主句前也可置于主句后,而中文表达常常遵循"前因后果"的顺序,所以在翻译的时候也要注意调整语序。
We have to choose another day for the hiking, since the weather is very good today.
今天天气不好,所以我们得另选一天去远足了。
②但上述情况也不是绝对的,原因状语也可放在主句后,这样也对应了汉语中的结构"之所以…是因为"。
Practice is valuable because it is the test of the theory.
实践之所以有价值,因为它是对理论的检验。
5、目的状语的翻译
①总的来说,目的状语放在主句前翻译,把说明情况的主句放在后面。
She closed the door gently and stepped out of the room for fear that she should awake him.
为了不弄醒他,她悄悄关上房门,轻轻地溜了出去。
②目的状语也可译在主句后边,表示以免、以防、使得、生怕等等。
He came back after work as quickly as possible, lest his mother should worry about him.
他下了班就早早回家了,免得他母亲担心。
6、译成汉语的主动句
①一般被动句的主语是无生命的主语,翻译时常常要将原文主语译为汉语中的主语。
When rust is formed, a chemical change has taken place.
当锈形成的时候,就发生了化学变化。
②主语宾语颠倒位置
一般英语中当动作主体的词前加上by时或由介词短语构成时,那么在译文中by后边的动作主体词或该介词短语中的名次就要充当主语,宾语则是原文中的主语。
Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.
这种化学反应能够释放出光和热。
③增加主语
一些被动句在译为主动句时要增加一些主语,比如我们、人们、大家等等。
This issue has not been solved.
人们还未解决这一问题。
7、译成汉语中的无主句
汉语无主句较多,也是我们的思维方式和说话表达习惯等因素有关。很多情况下,我们和处于同一背景生长环境下的人聊天,都不需要说主语,但是对方大多数情况下,都能理解你的意思。
Policies have been made to protect our environment.
已经制定了政策来保护环境。
句式和技巧都有了,就能拿下考研英语翻译了?!
NO!NO!NO!
单词不认识,你还玩个鬼!
十九大作为今年的热点内容,下面整理的这30个十九大热词一定要混个眼熟,万一考到了呢!
30个十九大最热词组
1.中国梦
the Chinese Dream
2.不忘初心
stay true to the mission
3.两个一百年
two centenary goals
4.新常态
new normal
5.中国制造2025
Made in China 2025
6.“双一流”
"Double First-Class" initiative
7.工匠精神
craftsmanship spirit
8.中国天眼: 500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST )
China's Eye of Heaven: The Five-hun-dred-meter Aperture Spherical Tele-scope (FAST)
9.歼20隐形战机
J-20 stealth fighter
10.国产航母
domestically built aircraft
11.国产客机
homemade passenger jet
12.可燃冰试采
sampling of combustible ice
13.量子卫星“墨子号”
quantum satellite"Micius"
14.北斗卫星导航系统
Beidou navigation system
15.风云四号A星卫星
Fengyun-4A satellite
16.重型运载火箭
heavy-lift carrier rocket
17.沪港通
Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect
18.深港通
Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect
19.京津冀一体化
Bejjing-Tianjin-Hebei integration
20.雄安新区
Xiongan New Area
21.自贸试验
pilot free trade zones
22.医疗改革
medical reform
23.供给侧改革
supply side reform
24.扫脸支付
face scan payment
25.二维码支付
two-dimensional barcode payment
26.人工智能
artificial intelligence
27.虚拟现实
virtual reality
28.5G时代
5Gera
29.分享经济
sharing economy
30.互联网金融
online finance
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