目的

使用网桥模式，将多台linux虚拟机/物理主机桥接。同时保证虚拟机和宿主机器及局域网内其他主机进行通信。最后能够使本虚拟机访问外网。

准备

1、确认你主机的IP，也就是虚拟机的宿机。

2、虚拟机IP写死，与宿机同一网段即可。

3、虚拟机网关，和宿机一致。

4、当然，你的虚拟机如果也准备好了，那么我们就开始吧。

我使用的Debian8x系统。

过程

1、设置桥接模式

在虚拟机窗口，选择【控制】-【设置】-【桥接网卡】。 注意：选择桥接网卡名称的时候根据你当前的主机的网络连接情况而定，通过网线或无线需要选择不同的主机网卡。

OK。

2、在debian中设置网络

需要在debian中设置一个固定IP供debian联网使用。不同于RedHat 系的是，debian使用interfaces来控制网卡配置。下面，修改interfaces设置debian的IP地址、网关、子网掩码等。

root@debian:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

#开机激活eth0网卡，你可以使用eth1、2、3...

auto eth0

#eth0网卡静态

iface eth0 inet static

address 192.168.1.229

netmask 255.255.254.0

gateway 192.168.1.1

root@debian:~#

设置DNS，访问外网

root@debian:/# cat /etc/resolv.conf

# Generated by NetworkManager

#设置可用的DNS

nameserver 202.106.0.20

nameserver 219.239.26.42

接下来，重启网络。

root@debian:/# /etc/init.d/networking restart

[OK] Restarting networking (via systemctl): networking.service.

root@debian:/#

重启成功后，如果没有意外的话，你就可以让debian和同一局域网的其他主机进行互相通信了，我们测试一下。

root@debian:/# ping 192.168.0.233

PING 192.168.0.233 (192.168.0.233) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 192.168.0.233: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=72.8 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.0.233: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=10.3 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.0.233: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=8.49 ms

^C

--- 192.168.0.233 ping statistics ---

3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 8.490/30.564/72.853/29.912 ms

root@debian:/# ping 192.168.0.236

PING 192.168.0.236 (192.168.0.236) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=52.7 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=19.1 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=9.56 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=27.7 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.0.236: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=10.9 ms

^C

--- 192.168.0.236 ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4007ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 9.565/24.036/52.754/15.772 ms

root@debian:/# ping www.baidu.com

PING www.a.shifen.com (119.75.217.109) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=4.46 ms

64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=17.3 ms

64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=3.66 ms

64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=5.56 ms

64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: icmp_seq=5 ttl=56 time=4.72 ms

--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4007ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 3.661/7.150/17.333/5.128 ms