代理的简单理解与Nginx手动部署

正向代理 反向代理 负载均衡

https://blog.csdn.net/zhishiqi15836010823/article/details/100569635

1. 正向代理:代理客户端，客户端需要指定代理
2. 反向代理：代理服务器端，客户端访问代理 代理完成跳转
3. 负载均衡
   根据不同的规则（轮询、权重、服务器压力等）分发请求到不同的服务

Nginx与apache web service区别

1. apache 官网
2. nginx 官网
   nginx 中文文档
3. 对比[https://www.cnblogs.com/applelife/p/11955534.html]

nginx搭建及使用

1. 安装 https://www.cnblogs.com/xxoome/p/5866475.html

   1. cd /usr/local/
   2. wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz
   3. tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz
   4. cd nginx-1.9.9
   5. make&& make install
   6. cd ../nginx/sbin
   7. ./nginx # 运行nginx
   8. 配置服务 systemctl start nginx

2. 注意防火墙，需要放开端口 firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp

3. 配置成服务

   1. /ect/init.d/下创建nginx 文件
   2. 内容为

   #!/bin/sh
   # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
   #
   # chkconfig:   - 85 15
    
   # description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
   #               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
    
   # processname: nginx
   # config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
   # pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
    
   # Source function library.
    
   . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
    
   # Source networking configuration.
    
   . /etc/sysconfig/network
    
   # Check that networking is up.
    
   [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
    
   nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
    
   prog=$(basename $nginx)
    
   NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
    
   lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
    
   start() {
    
       [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    
       [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    
       echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    
       daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    
       retval=$?
    
       echo
    
       [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    
       return $retval
    
   }
    
    
   stop() {
    
       echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    
       killproc $prog -QUIT
    
       retval=$?
    
       echo
    
       [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    
       return $retval
    
   }
    
    
    
   restart() {
    
       configtest || return $?
    
       stop
    
       start
    
   }
    
    
   reload() {
    
       configtest || return $?
    
       echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    
       killproc $nginx -HUP
    
       RETVAL=$?
    
       echo
    
   }
    
   force_reload() {
    
       restart
    
   }
    
    
   configtest() {
    
     $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    
   }
    
    
    
   rh_status() {
    
       status $prog
    
   }
    
    
   rh_status_q() {
    
       rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
    
   }
    
   case "$1" in
    
       start)
    
           rh_status_q && exit 0
           $1
           ;;
    
       stop)
    
    
           rh_status_q || exit 0
           $1
           ;;
    
       restart|configtest)
           $1
           ;;
    
       reload)
           rh_status_q || exit 7
           $1
           ;;
    
    
       force-reload)
           force_reload
           ;;
       status)
           rh_status
           ;;
    
    
       condrestart|try-restart)
    
           rh_status_q || exit 0
               ;;
    
       *)
    
           echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
           exit 2
    
   esac
   
   

   3. chkconfig --add nginx #添加为nginx 服务

   4. chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx # 添加可执行权限

   5. chkconfig nginx on # 开机自启