这个问题肯定要对AutoreleasePool和RunLoop有所了解才行。
AutoreleasePool是在什么时候创建的,又是在什么时候被销毁?
1、AutoreleasePool的作用
AutoreleasePool被称为自动释放池,在释放池中的调用了autorelease方法的对象都会被压在该池的顶部(以栈的形式管理对象)。当自动释放池被销毁的时候,在该池中的对象会自动调用release方法来释放资源,销毁对象。以此来达到自动管理内存的目的。
其实我们在开发中很少主动去创建AutoreleasePool对象,这是为什么呢?不是说用它来自动管理内存吗?其实系统在运行的时候就帮我们创建了AutoreleasePool对象,只是我们不知道而已。那么它是在什么时候被创建的呢?
2、看看官方源码:
CFRunLoop {
current mode = kCFRunLoopDefaultMode
common modes = {
UITrackingRunLoopMode
kCFRunLoopDefaultMode }
common mode items = {
// source0 (manual)
CFRunLoopSource {order =-1, {
callout = _UIApplicationHandleEventQueue}}
CFRunLoopSource {order =-1, {
callout = PurpleEventSignalCallback }}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {
callout = FBSSerialQueueRunLoopSourceHandler}}
// source1 (mach port)
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {port = 17923}}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {port = 12039}}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {port = 16647}}
CFRunLoopSource {order =-1, {
callout = PurpleEventCallback}}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {port = 2407,
callout = _ZL20notify_port_callbackP12__CFMachPortPvlS1_}}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {port = 1c03,
callout = __IOHIDEventSystemClientAvailabilityCallback}}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {port = 1b03,
callout = __IOHIDEventSystemClientQueueCallback}}
CFRunLoopSource {order = 1, {port = 1903,
callout = __IOMIGMachPortPortCallback}}
// Ovserver //注意这里// Entry 进入的时候
CFRunLoopObserver {order = -2147483647, activities = 0x1,
callout = _wrapRunLoopWithAutoreleasePoolHandler}
// BeforeWaiting
CFRunLoopObserver {order = 0, activities = 0x20,
callout = _UIGestureRecognizerUpdateObserver}
// BeforeWaiting | Exit
CFRunLoopObserver {order = 1999000, activities = 0xa0,
callout = _afterCACommitHandler}
// BeforeWaiting | Exit
CFRunLoopObserver {order = 2000000, activities = 0xa0,
callout = _ZN2CA11Transaction17observer_callbackEP19__CFRunLoopObservermPv}
// BeforeWaiting | Exit
//注意这里 进入休眠或者退出 优先级别最低,
//在保证其释放池子发生在其他所有回调之后
CFRunLoopObserver {order = 2147483647, activities = 0xa0,
callout = _wrapRunLoopWithAutoreleasePoolHandler}
// Timer
CFRunLoopTimer {firing = No, interval = 3.1536e+09, tolerance = 0,
next fire date = 453098071 (-4421.76019 @ 96223387169499),
callout = _ZN2CAL14timer_callbackEP16__CFRunLoopTimerPv (QuartzCore.framework)}
},
modes = {
CFRunLoopMode {
sources0 = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
sources1 = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
observers = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
timers = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
},
CFRunLoopMode {
sources0 = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
sources1 = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
observers = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
timers = { /* same as 'common mode items' */ },
},
CFRunLoopMode {
sources0 = {
CFRunLoopSource {order = 0, {
callout = FBSSerialQueueRunLoopSourceHandler}}
},
sources1 = (null),
observers = {
CFRunLoopObserver >{activities = 0xa0, order = 2000000,
callout = _ZN2CA11Transaction17observer_callbackEP19__CFRunLoopObservermPv}
)},
timers = (null),
},
CFRunLoopMode {
sources0 = {
CFRunLoopSource {order = -1, {
callout = PurpleEventSignalCallback}}
},
sources1 = {
CFRunLoopSource {order = -1, {
callout = PurpleEventCallback}}
},
observers = (null),
timers = (null),
},
CFRunLoopMode {
sources0 = (null),
sources1 = (null),
observers = (null),
timers = (null),
}
}
}
App启动后,系统在主线程RunLoop 里注册两个Observser,其回调都是_wrapRunLoopWithAutoreleasePoolHandler()。
第一个 Observer 监视的事件
是 Entry(即将进入Loop),其回调内会调用 _objc_autoreleasePoolPush() 创建自动释放池。其优先级最高,保证创建释放池发生在其他所有回调之前。
第二个 Observer 监视了两个事件
_BeforeWaiting(准备进入休眠) 时 _
调用_objc_autoreleasePoolPop() 和 _objc_autoreleasePoolPush() 释放旧的池并创建新池;
_Exit(即将退出Loop) 时 _
调用 _objc_autoreleasePoolPop() 来释放自动释放池。这个 Observer 优先级最低,保证其释放池子发生在其他所有回调之后。
在主线程执行的代码,通常是写在诸如事件回调、Timer回调内的。这些回调会被 RunLoop 创建好的 AutoreleasePool 环绕着,所以不会出现内存泄漏,开发者也不必显示创建 Pool 了。
现在我们知道了AutoreleasePool是在RunLoop即将进入RunLoop和准备进入休眠这两种状态的时候被创建和销毁的。
所以AutoreleasePool的释放有如下两种情况。
一是Autorelease对象是在当前的runloop迭代结束时释放的,而它能够释放的原因是系统在每个runloop迭代中都加入了自动释放池Push和Pop。
二是手动调用AutoreleasePool的释放方法(drain方法)来销毁AutoreleasePool
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