Install Elasticsearch with Debian Package

• for Debian, Ubuntu, and other Debian-based systems
• 需要java环境，请自行安装

• 官方参考资料：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/deb.html#deb-key

• 其他版本系统参考资料：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/install-elasticsearch.html

步骤

• 下载并安装公共签名密钥

<pre><code>
wget -qO - https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo apt-key add -
</code></pre>

• 你可能需要在Debian安装apt-transport-https:

<pre><code>
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
</code></pre>

• 将 repository 保存到 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-5.x.list

<pre><code>
echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/5.x/apt stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-5.x.list
</code></pre>

• 你可以安装 Debian package Elasticsearch,命令如下:

<pre><code>
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install elasticsearch
</code></pre>

• Elasticsearch v5.4.2 Debian 软件包可以从网站上下载并安装:

<pre><code>
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb
sha1sum elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb
sudo dpkg -i elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb
</code></pre>

• 配置Elasticsearch随系统启动，运行下面的命令:

<pre><code>
sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
sudo /bin/systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
</code></pre>

• Elasticsearch可以按照如下方式启动和停止:

<pre><code>
sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service
sudo systemctl stop elasticsearch.service
</code></pre>

当系统启用了日志记录，日志记录的信息都可以用journalctl命令:

• To tail the journal:

<pre><code>
sudo journalctl -f
</code></pre>

• To list journal entries for the elasticsearch service:

<pre><code>
sudo journalctl --unit elasticsearch
</code></pre>

• To list journal entries for the elasticsearch service starting from a given time:

<pre><code>
sudo journalctl --unit elasticsearch --since "2016-10-30 18:17:16"
</code></pre>

• 我的机器是阿里云1c 1G的,启动的时候就报出如下错误

<pre><code>
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot alloc

There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.

Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.

</code></pre>

• 根据机器配置不同可以修改相对应的参数

<pre><code>
vi /etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options
</code></pre>

• 将 -Xms 和 -Xmx 参数修改一下就可以正常启动了
  <pre><code>
  -Xms256m
  -Xmx256m
  </code></pre>

• 默认参数是运行在9200端口下的,可以通过如下命令确认:
  <pre><code>
  curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/?pretty'
  </code></pre>

• 返回结果如下

<pre><code>
{
"name" : "0NcYzNP",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "-QmXkqg6T0uVrUAbNZhggA",
"version" : {
"number" : "5.4.2",
"build_hash" : "929b078",
"build_date" : "2017-06-15T02:29:28.122Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "6.5.1"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
</code></pre>

配置Elasticsearch

• Elasticsearch 的默认加载配置路径： /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml .

• 配置的详细解释可以参考官方文档： https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/settings.html

• Debian package 也有一个配置文件 (/etc/default/elasticsearch), 允许你配置如下参数:

参数	注释
ES_USER	The user to run as, defaults to elasticsearch
ES_GROUP	The group to run as, defaults to elasticsearch
JAVA_HOME	Set a custom Java path to be used
MAX_OPEN_FILES	Maximum number of open files, defaults to 65536
MAX_LOCKED_MEMORY	Maximum locked memory size. Set to unlimited if you use the bootstrap.memory_lock option in elasticsearch.yml
MAX_MAP_COUNT	Maximum number of memory map areas a process may have. If you use mmapfs as index store type, make sure this is set to a high value. For more information, check the linux kernel documentation about max_map_count. This is set via sysctl before starting elasticsearch. Defaults to 262144
LOG_DIR	Log directory, defaults to /var/log/elasticsearch
DATA_DIR	Data directory, defaults to /var/lib/elasticsearch
CONF_DIR	Configuration file directory (which needs to include elasticsearch.yml and log4j2.properties files), defaults to /etc/elasticsearch
ES_JAVA_OPTS	Any additional JVM system properties you may want to apply
RESTART_ON_UPGRADE	Configure restart on package upgrade, defaults to false. This means you will have to restart your elasticsearch instance after installing a package manually. The reason for this is to ensure, that upgrades in a cluster do not result in a continuous shard reallocation resulting in high network traffic and reducing the response times of your cluster

• The Debian package places config files, logs, and the data directory in the appropriate locations for a Debian-based system
  https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/deb.html#deb-layout

Type	Description	Default Location	Setting
home	Elasticsearch home directory or $ES_HOME	/usr/share/elasticsearch
bin	Binary scripts including elasticsearch to start a node and elasticsearch-plugin to install plugins	/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin
conf	Configuration files including elasticsearch.yml	/etc/elasticsearch	path.conf
conf	Environment variables including heap size, file descriptors	/etc/default/elasticsearch
data	The location of the data files of each index / shard allocated on the node. Can hold multiple locations.	/var/lib/elasticsearch	path.data
logs	Log files location.	/var/log/elasticsearch	path.logs
plugins	Plugin files location. Each plugin will be contained in a subdirectory.	/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins
repo	Shared file system repository locations. Can hold multiple locations. A file system repository can be placed in to any subdirectory of any directory specified here.	Not configured	path.repo
script	Location of script files.	/etc/elasticsearch/scripts	path.scripts